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Yavuz K, Yurdakul FG, Guler T, Bodur H. Predictive value of ultrasonography in polyneuropathy diagnosis: electrophysiological and ultrasonographic analysis. Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:1733-1742. [PMID: 37318545 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05356-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy may cause serious complications such as foot ulcers and Charcot joint which can prevent by early diagnosis. We aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasonographic measurements of nerves and muscles in distal symmetric axonal polyneuropathy (DSAP). Study included 51 DSAP patients and 51 controls. Nerve conduction studies were performed. Median, ulnar, tibial, superficial peroneal, and sural nerves and the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), abductor digiti minimi (ADM), first dorsal interosseous (FDI), extensor digitorum brevis (EDB), abductor hallucis (AH) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were evaluated with ultrasound. The Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) was used to assess the severity of neuropathy. The median, ulnar, and tibial nerve cross-sectional areas (CSA) were higher in the DSAP group (p = 0.025, p = 0.011, p < 0.001 respectively) while superficial peroneal and sural nerve CSAs were not differed. Only AH and EDB ultrasonographic findings from the muscles differed between the two groups. Effect of diabetes and DSAP on sonographic findings were assessed with two-way ANOVA. Results indicated that only DSAP had a significant effect on sonographic nerve and muscle examination. The area under the ROC curve was 0.831 ± 0.042 for tibial nerve CSA (p < 0.001) with a cut-off value of 15.5 mm2 (sensitivity 74% and specificity 83%). Median, ulnar and tibial nerve CSAs were found to be larger in polyneuropathy patients and they were associated with the clinical and electrophysiological severity of polyneuropathy. ROC analysis showed that tibial nerve CSA may have a predictive value in the diagnosis of DSAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Yavuz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Haymana State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Gul Yurdakul
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Health Sciences Ankara City Hospital, Üniversiteler Mah 1604. Cadde No: 9, 06800, Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Tuba Guler
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Health Sciences Ankara City Hospital, Üniversiteler Mah 1604. Cadde No: 9, 06800, Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hatice Bodur
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Naik S, Mahanty S, Bhoi SK, Lahre Y, Bag ND, Mohakud S. MRI of wrist and diffusion tensor imaging of the median nerve in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2023; 14:302-307. [PMID: 37181193 PMCID: PMC10174157 DOI: 10.25259/jnrp_57_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is based on the clinical symptoms and nerve conduction study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is non-invasive objective tool for assessing the median nerve and carpal tunnel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRI changes in patients with CTS, and compare them with healthy subjects. Materials and Methods Forty-three CTS patients and 43 age matched control were included and scanned in a 3T MRI scanner. Cross-sectional areas (CSA) of median nerve were measured at the level of distal radio-ulnar joint level (CSA1), proximal row of carpal bone (CSA2), and hook of hamate (CSA3). Flattening ratio (FR) of median nerve, thickness of flexor retinaculum, median nerve signal intensity, and thenar muscles were assessed. Fractional anisotropy (FA), average diffusion coefficient (ADC), and radial diffusivity (RD) of median nerve of CTS patients were obtained from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and compared with those of controls. Results Thirty-three patients (76.7%) were female. Mean duration of the pain was 7.4 ± 2.6 months. The mean CSA1 (13.2 ± 4.2 mm2), CSA2 (12.5 ± 3.5 mm2), and CSA3 (9.2 ± 1.5 mm2) in CTS patients were significantly higher compared to control group: CSA1 (10.15 ± 1.64 mm2), CSA2 (9.38 ± 1.37 mm2), and CSA3 (8.4 ± 0.9 mm2), (P = 0.001 in all). The mean FR of median nerve and thickness of flexor retinaculum were increased in CTS patients. The mean FA was reduced in CTS patients compared to control proximal to carpal tunnel and within the tunnel. Mean ADC and RD values were higher in CTS patients as compared to control for both levels. Conclusion MRI can detect subtle changes in the median nerve and thenar muscles in CTS and may be useful in equivocal cases and to exclude secondary causes of CTS. DTI shows reduced FA and increased ADC and RD in CTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprava Naik
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Siladitya Mahanty
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Bhoi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Yuvraj Lahre
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nerbadyswari Deep Bag
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sudipta Mohakud
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Karademir F, Ayhan Kuru C, Arın G, Soylu R. Morphometry of thenar muscles by water bath ultrasonography in trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis: intra- and inter-rater reliability. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2023; 48:115-122. [PMID: 36281061 DOI: 10.1177/17531934221130669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We studied the intra- and inter-rater reliability of muscle thickness and cross-sectional area measurements of thenar muscles with a water bath ultrasonography technique in eight healthy volunteers and 16 patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. Thickness and cross-sectional area of the opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, first dorsal interosseous and adductor pollicis muscle were measured. The results showed changes in the morphometric properties of the thenar muscles in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMC OA) compared with the healthy volunteers. In the dominant-sided patients (n = 14), there were lower cross-sectional area values for the abductor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis muscles. In the non-dominant-sided patients (n = 10), there were lower cross-sectional area values for the abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis and lower muscle thickness of the abductor pollicis brevis. The water bath ultrasonography technique could be used to diagnose and treat diseases where changes in thenar muscle thickness and cross-sectional area can be expected.Level of evidence: III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feray Karademir
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Ayhan Kuru
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gamze Arın
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ruhi Soylu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Ultrasound of Thumb Muscles and Grasp Strength in Early Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis. J Hand Surg Am 2022; 47:898.e1-898.e8. [PMID: 34509311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathophysiology of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA) involves complex interactions between the ligaments and muscles supporting the joint. Factors such as muscle volume and strength may be more relevant in early disease. We used ultrasound as a noninvasive method to explore differences in the intrinsic hand muscles of patients with early CMC OA, as determined using physical exam and radiographs, and healthy controls. We also assessed differences in grip strength. METHODS A convenience sample of postmenopausal women with early CMC OA diagnosed using a physical examination or radiographs was recruited from an orthopedic clinic specializing in hand surgery. Healthy controls who were matched for age and hand dominance were recruited from the same clinic. We used ultrasound to determine the length of the first metacarpal and the muscle thickness of the abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis (OPP), and first dorsal interosseous. Grip strength measurements were taken using a standard Jamar dynamometer and 2 custom-designed tools for cylindrical grasp and pinch strength. RESULTS Twenty-three subjects were enrolled, with a total of 32 thumbs measured: 15 thumbs with arthritis and 17 healthy thumbs. Multivariable logistic regression models indicated that thumbs with thicker OPP had 0.85 lower odds (95% CI = 0.71-0.97) of early OA, adjusting for hand dominance and the first metacarpal length. Linear regression models indicated no association between early OA and grip strength. CONCLUSIONS The size of OPP may have a weak association with the diagnosis of early OA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study supports further exploration of the role of OPP in stabilizing the CMC joint, particularly with regard to minimizing joint subluxation. This may be clinically relevant to providers who treat patients with CMC OA early in the course of the disease, when nonsurgical treatment is the most relevant.
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Naruse M, Trappe SW, Trappe TA. Human skeletal muscle size with ultrasound imaging: a comprehensive review. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:1267-1279. [PMID: 35358402 PMCID: PMC9126220 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00041.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle size is an important factor in assessing adaptation to exercise training and detraining, athletic performance, age-associated atrophy and mobility decline, clinical conditions associated with cachexia, and overall skeletal muscle health. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) are widely accepted as the gold standard methods for skeletal muscle size quantification. However, it is not always feasible to use these methods (e.g., field studies, bedside studies, large cohort studies). Ultrasound has been available for skeletal muscle examination for more than 50 years and the development, utility, and validity of ultrasound imaging are underappreciated. It is now possible to use ultrasound in situations where MR and CT imaging are not suitable. This review provides a comprehensive summary of ultrasound imaging and human skeletal muscle size assessment. Since the first study in 1968, more than 600 articles have used ultrasound to examine the cross-sectional area and/or volume of 107 different skeletal muscles in more than 27,500 subjects of various ages, health status, and fitness conditions. Data from these studies, supported by decades of technological developments, collectively show that ultrasonography is a valid tool for skeletal muscle size quantification. Considering the wide-ranging connections between human health and function and skeletal muscle mass, the utility of ultrasound imaging will allow it to be employed in research investigations and clinical practice in ways not previously appreciated or considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Naruse
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - Scott W Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - Todd A Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States
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Ohno K, Fujino K, Fujiwara K, Yokota A, Neo M. Sonographic evaluation of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle reflects muscle strength recovery after carpal tunnel release. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2022; 49:279-287. [PMID: 35239087 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-022-01195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the associations between sonographic measurements of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), grip and pinch strength, and distal motor latency (DML) in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) before and after surgery. METHODS We prospectively studied patients (46 hands) who underwent 1 year of postoperative follow-up after endoscopic carpal tunnel release. The patients underwent ultrasound (US) scans, grip and pinch strength assessment, a nerve conduction study, and patient-reported outcome measures (Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Instrument and Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire) before and 1 year after surgery. The standardized response mean was calculated to compare the sensitivity of clinical changes in these measurements. RESULTS US measurements (thickness of the APB and the cross-sectional area of the APB) and muscle strength (grip strength, key pinch, and tip pinch) were greater, and DML was reduced after surgery compared with those before surgery (all P < 0.05). Patient-reported outcome measures also showed clinical improvement 1 year after surgery (P < 0.05). US measurements of the APB were significantly correlated with grip and pinch strength (all P < 0.05), but not with DML, before surgery and 1 year after surgery. The standardized response mean showed a large responsiveness for US measurements of the APB and patient-reported outcome measures. CONCLUSION US evaluation of the APB after CTS can complement the evaluation of grip and pinch strength in the clinical setting. Postoperative recovery of the APB leads to improved motor dysfunction in CTS. Therefore, US measurement of the APB could be a useful tool for evaluating motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Ohno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Keitaro Fujino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokusetsu General Hospital, 6-24 Kitayanagawa-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kenta Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokota
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Masashi Neo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
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Ultrasound Imaging Analysis of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle Echo Intensity: Intra-Rater and Inter-Rater Reliability of a Novice and an Experienced Rater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57050512. [PMID: 34065340 PMCID: PMC8160687 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ultrasound echo intensity (EI) of the lumbar multifidus muscle (LMM) could offer valuable insights regarding muscle quality in people with low back pain (LBP). However, whether the rater’s experience noticeably influences the reliability and precision of LMM EI measurements has not been established. The aims of this study were to investigate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of LMM EI measurements, and to compare the reliability and SEM between a novice and an experienced rater. Materials and Methods: Twenty athletes (10 females, 10 males) with a history of LBP were included in this study. Transverse ultrasound images of LMM were taken at L5 in prone. LMM EI measurements were obtained bilaterally by tracing the maximum ROI representing the LMM cross-sectional area (CSA), avoiding the inclusion of bone or surrounding fascia. All measurements were performed by two novice raters and an experienced researcher. Each measurement was acquired by each rater three times for each side on three different images, and the average was used in the analyses. Raters were blinded to each other’s measurements and the participant’s clinical information. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were obtained to assess the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability. Results: The intra-rater ICC values for the LMM measurements for the experienced rater were excellent (ICC all > 0.997). The inter-rater reliability ICC values showed moderate to excellent reliability (0.614 to 0.994) and agreement between the novice raters and the experienced rater, except for Novice 1 for the right LMM, which revealed lower ICCs and a wider 95% CI. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability results were similar when separately looking at the right and left side of the muscle and participant gender. Conclusions: Our findings support the clinical use of ultrasound imaging for the assessment of LMM EI in individuals with LBP.
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Fan C, Fede C, Pirri C, Guidolin D, Biz C, Macchi V, De Caro R, Stecco C. Quantitative Evaluation of the Echo Intensity of Paraneural Area and Myofascial Structure around Median Nerve in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110914. [PMID: 33171617 PMCID: PMC7695137 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the echo intensity (EI) of the paraneural area (PA), the median nerve (MN) at the carpal tunnel, the EI of the myofascial structure (MS) around MN, the ‘PA and MN’ at the mid-forearm, and the MN transversal displacement at both sites differs between persons with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and control subjects. Methods: In total, 16 CTS patients and 16 controls, age- and gender-matched, were recruited. Cross-sectional ultrasound images of MN were obtained to evaluate the EI of the PA, the MN at carpal tunnel, the EI of MS, and the ‘PA and MN’ at the mid-forearm in a natural position, then images were taken after a whole-hand grasp movement, to evaluate MN transversal displacement. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability in control, and differences in the EI and MN displacement between CTS and control, were analyzed. In addition, the correlations between ultrasound parameters and MN displacement were evaluated. Results: The quantitative EI of PA, MN, EI of MS, ‘PA and MN’ had high inter-rater and intra-rater reliability in the control. The EI of PA, MS and ‘PA and MN’ were significantly higher in CTS subjects (p < 0.01), whilst there was no significant difference in the EI of MN at the carpal tunnel. MN displacement was significantly decreased both at the carpal tunnel and the mid-forearm in CTS subjects (p < 0.01). In addition, there were negative correlations among the EI of PA (rs = −0.484, p = 0.004), EI of MS (rs = −0.479, p = 0.002), EI of ‘PA and MN’ (rs = −0.605, p < 0.001) and MN transversal displacement. Conclusions: The higher EI of PA and MS around MN in CTS may indicate greater fibrosis along the course of MN, reducing fascial adaptability, influencing the synergy and coordination of the MS, and increasing the shear stress between MS and MN, and it may further increase the abnormal pressure on the MN not only at the carpal tunnel, but also at the mid-forearm. These results may partly explain the role of PA and MS in CTS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Fan
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Caterina Fede
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Carmelo Pirri
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Carlo Biz
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Orthopedic Clinic, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Carla Stecco
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.F.); (C.F.); (C.P.); (D.G.); (V.M.); (R.D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-8272315
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Gamber D, Motte J, Kerasnoudis A, Yoon MS, Gold R, Pitarokoili K, Fisse AL. High-Resolution Nerve Ultrasound to Assess Nerve Echogenicity, Fascicular Count, and Cross-Sectional Area Using Semiautomated Analysis. J Neuroimaging 2020; 30:493-502. [PMID: 32521091 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Little is known about echogenicity and fascicular structure observed in high-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) in both healthy subjects and patients with peripheral nerve disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of echogenicity, fascicle count, and fascicle size analysis, to create standard values and compare these parameters to patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). METHODS Median, ulnar, radial, tibial, and fibular nerve of 79 healthy subjects and patients were scanned by one examiner using HRUS. Image analysis regarding echogenicity, fascicle count, and fascicle cross-sectional area (CSA) was performed by two independent raters semiautomatically using ImageJ. Pearson correlation coefficient r reflected interrater reliability (IR), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) determined intrarater reliability (IAR). Results of healthy subjects were compared to 20 patients with CIDP by analysis of variance. RESULTS IR was very good for echogenicity (r = .9) and good for fascicle count and size of the largest fascicle (r = .64/.56). IAR was very good for all three parameters (ICC = .9/.83/.74). Healthy subjects had a wide range of values. CIDP patients were in range of healthy subjects. Clinically progressive CIDP patients (defined as an increase in Overall Disability Sum Score by ≥1 point) had a lower fraction of black than healthy controls and stable CIDP patients (P < .001). CONCLUSION Semiautomated evaluation of echogenicity, fascicle count, and fascicle CSA is reliable. Cutoff values to differentiate between healthy persons and CIDP do not exist. Echogenicity is useful for detecting clinically progressive CIDP patients and should be used in clinical context or intraindividual course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata Gamber
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jeremias Motte
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Antonios Kerasnoudis
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Min-Suk Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hattingen, Hattingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kalliopi Pitarokoili
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Fisse
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum, Germany
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Ozsoy-Unubol T, Bahar-Ozdemir Y, Yagci I. Diagnosis and grading of carpal tunnel syndrome with quantitative ultrasound: Is it possible? J Clin Neurosci 2020; 75:25-29. [PMID: 32234336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent diagnostic tools for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) include nerve conduction studies (NCS) and ultrasound (US). Quantitative US (QUS) can be used for demonstrating muscle changes according to denervation. The aim of this study was to evaluate if QUS can diagnose and grade the severity of CTS. In this single blinded cross-sectional study, female patients diagnosed with CTS and age-matched healthy female subjects were included in the study. Median and ulnar nerve conduction studies (NCS) were performed for CTS diagnosis. Median and ulnar nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured, and the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles were longitudinally and transversally visualised. Axial images were analysed for echo intensity (EI) via computer-assisted, grayscale analysis. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability analysis was performed. The Boston questionnaire was used for the evaluation of symptom severity and functional status. Forty-two patients (42 hands) and 32 controls were included. In the CTS group, 17 patients had mild, 13 patients had moderate, and 12 patients had severe CTS. CSA of the median nerve and APB echo intensity was significantly higher in patients with CTS. However, according to the CTS grade, no significant difference was detected for APB EI. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated as 0.928 for intra-rater reliability and 0.768 for inter-rater reliability. QUS evaluation is helpful for the diagnosis of CTS, but not for grading. Further studies are needed with a larger population including both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Ozsoy-Unubol
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fevzi Çakmak, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Cd No: 10, 34899 Pendik/İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Bahar-Ozdemir
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fevzi Çakmak, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Cd No: 10, 34899 Pendik/İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilker Yagci
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fevzi Çakmak, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Cd No: 10, 34899 Pendik/İstanbul, Turkey
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Abraham A, Drory VE, Fainmesser Y, Lovblom LE, Bril V. Quantitative sonographic evaluation of muscle thickness and fasciculation prevalence in healthy subjects. Muscle Nerve 2019; 61:234-238. [PMID: 31725905 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the current study, we aimed to determine normative values for muscle thickness and fasciculation prevalence in healthy subjects. METHODS We performed a prospective study from October to December 2018 in 65 healthy subjects. All subjects underwent quantitative sonographic evaluation of muscle thickness and fasciculation prevalence in the following 8 muscles: Biceps brachii, abductor pollicis brevis, first dorsal interosseous, abductor digiti minimi, quadriceps, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum brevis, and abductor hallucis brevis. RESULTS Subject ages ranged from 21 to 82 years, with 63% women. Normative values for muscle thickness were determined using the fifth percentile. Multivariate regression analysis showed that sex, age, body mass index, and hand dominance affected muscle thickness. Fasciculations were observed frequently only in distal muscles. CONCLUSIONS Normal values for muscle thickness were determined, and may enhance neuromuscular ultrasound sensitivity and serve as a basis for future studies. Larger series are needed to confirm these values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Abraham
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vivian E Drory
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaara Fainmesser
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leif E Lovblom
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System, and Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vera Bril
- Ellen and Martin Prosserman Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Choi H, Choi JH, Kang S, Yoon JS, Son SH. Pilot study: Differences in echo intensity ratios between ulnar and median innervated muscles in ulnar neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:387-391. [PMID: 31294856 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated muscle echo intensity (EI) ratio in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) and healthy controls. METHODS In this prospective study, 28 patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed unilateral UNE and 12 healthy controls were ultrasonographically assessed for EI ratios of the hypothenar and thenar muscles. The affected and unaffected hands between the UNE patients and controls and patient subgroups (subdivided according to electrodiagnostic severity) were compared to determine any significant differences. RESULTS In patients with UNE, the EI ratio of the hypothenar to thenar muscles was significantly higher for the affected side than for the unaffected side (1.08 ± 0.11 and 0.97 ± 0.18, respectively) or the control group (0.95 ± 0.05). A significant difference in the EI ratio was observed among the subgroups (mild vs. severe subgroup, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonographic EI measurement may be a useful parameter in the evaluation and screening of UNE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanboram Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Kang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Shik Yoon
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Korea
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13
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Fujino K, Ohno K, Fujiwara K, Yokota A, Neo M. Sonographic morphometry of abductor pollicis brevis: can direct contact yield images comparable with those obtained by the water bath technique? J Med Ultrason (2001) 2019; 46:489-495. [PMID: 30989442 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-019-00945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to compare ultrasound-guided measurements of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) using the water bath technique (WBT) and the direct contact method (DM) and investigate whether the DM can reproduce the measurements that would be obtained with a non-contact method, such as the WBT. METHODS The APB muscles of 80 hands (40 healthy adults) were measured. The WBT was performed in a plastic container filled with water. The probe was placed adjacent to the skin surface without contact. In the DM, sonographic images were obtained with the probe and skin separated by sufficient transmission gel. The muscle thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) were calculated with both methods. All subjects were examined three times by two examiners to estimate the inter- and intra-observer reliability. Bland-Altman analysis was performed to examine the agreement between the methods. RESULTS No significant differences in the thickness or CSA of the APB were found. The interclass correlation coefficients for the WBT and DM showed almost perfect intra- and inter-observer reliability (range 0.87-0.94). There was no systematic bias between the techniques in the Bland-Altman analysis. CONCLUSION Similar to the WBT, the DM provides measurements of the APB thickness and CSA without causing morphometric changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Fujino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ohno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, 569-8686, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kenta Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokota
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Neo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Wang Y, Gutierrez H, Martucci M, Poussaint A, Qi K, Sanchez B, Rutkove SB. Quantitative muscle ultrasound in upper extremity mononeuropathies. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:67-71. [PMID: 30942930 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We assessed the potential use of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in the evaluation hand muscles affected by upper extremity mononeuropathies. METHODS The gray scale levels (GSLs) of abductor pollicis brevis (APB), abductor digiti minimi (ADM), and first dorsal interosseous (FDI) of 30 healthy and 30 upper extremity mononeuropathy patients were measured and compared with standard electrophysiological values. RESULTS Mean GSL was elevated in 34 APBs of carpal tunnel syndrome patients and 18 FDIs of ulnar neuropathy patients (e.g., FDI mean GSL (interquartile range) 31.5 (27.3~43.8) arbitrary units for patients and 24.0(23.0~29.0) for healthy subjects (P = 0.020)). GSL correlated with motor response amplitudes (Spearman's rho (ρ) = -0.39, P = 0.002 in APB, ρ = -0.72, P = 0.002 in FDI, and ρ = -0.43, P = 0.013 in ADM). The APB GSL correlated with electromyographic severity and disease duration (ρ = 0.46, P < 0.001 and ρ = 0.45, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Muscle QUS may serve as a useful tool in upper extremity mononeuropathy evaluation. Further study of this concept is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hilda Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Martucci
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alison Poussaint
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristin Qi
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin Sanchez
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seward B Rutkove
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Hokkoku K, Matsukura K, Uchida Y, Kuwabara M, Furukawa Y, Tsukamoto H, Hatanaka Y, Sonoo M. Quantitative muscle ultrasound is useful for evaluating secondary axonal degeneration in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00812. [PMID: 29075571 PMCID: PMC5651395 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), exclusion of secondary axonal degeneration is challenging with conventional methods such as nerve conduction study (NCS), needle electromyography, and nerve biopsy. Increased echo intensity (EI) and decreased muscle thickness (MT) identified on muscle ultrasound (MUS) examination represent muscle denervation due to axonal degeneration in neurogenic disorders, suggesting MUS as a new tool to detect secondary axonal degeneration in patients with CIDP. METHODS EI and MT of abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi, and first dorsal interosseous muscles were measured in 16 CIDP patients. Raw values were converted into z-scores using data from 60 normal controls (NCs). RESULTS Six of 45 muscles showed abnormally high EI and low MT, suggesting denervation following secondary axonal degeneration. These six muscles belonged to two patients with long disease history, unresponsiveness to treatment, and long interval from onset to initial therapy. There were no significant differences in EI and MT (p = .23 and .67, respectively) between the CIDP and NC groups, although NCS results revealed obvious demyelinating abnormalities in all CIDP patients, suggesting the fact that muscle structures will be preserved, and EI and MT will not change unless secondary axonal degeneration occurs in CIDP. CONCLUSION MUS is a promising tool for evaluating secondary axonal degeneration in patients with CIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hokkoku
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Matsukura
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yudai Uchida
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Midori Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuichi Furukawa
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsukamoto
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuki Hatanaka
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Sonoo
- Department of Neurology Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi-ku Tokyo Japan
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