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Medeiros Nunes M, Maia CR, de Andrade Santos PR, de Lisboa Lopes Costa A, de Moura SAB, de Andrade Santos PP. Self-mutilation: a systematic review. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2024:10.1007/s12024-024-00809-4. [PMID: 38613622 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Self-mutilation lesions can represent a clinical diagnosis challenge for healthcare professionals, as patients do not admit to self-mutilation. This leads to failed diagnoses due to the similarity of this condition to other diseases. Searches on the subject were carried out at the PubMed, Periódicos Capes, Scopus, Science Direct and WoS databases, according to the following inclusion criteria: articles in English, Portuguese or Spanish, published from 2018 to June 2023, encompassing case reports, case series and literature reviews. Men are slight more affected by self-mutilation injuries, also presenting the most serious lesions. Self-mutilation injuries are reported globally, mostly in the Asian and American continents. Clinical presentations are varied, but morphology is, in most cases, associated to the form/instrument used for self-mutilation. Greater evidence of diagnosed mental disorders in women and underreporting of these cases in men due to low demands for specialized treatment are noted. A higher prevalence of self-mutilation lesions was verified for men, affecting a wide age range, with the highest number of cases in the USA. The most affected body areas are arms and external genitalia, mostly due to knife use. An association between self-mutilation injuries and mental disorders is clear, with most cases being previously undiagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Medeiros Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigues Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio de Lisboa Lopes Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Adriane Bezerra de Moura
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brasil.
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Lan Z, Pau K, Mohd Yusof H, Huang X. Hierarchical topological model of the factors influencing adolescents' non-suicidal self-injury behavior based on the DEMATEL-TAISM method. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17238. [PMID: 36241902 PMCID: PMC9568609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the factors influencing adolescents' non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior and their interrelationships, and established a total influencing factor model. Through a literature analysis and semi-structured interviews with 87 adolescents and 27 experts in Guangxi Province, China, 13 influencing factors were identified from six aspects: physiological factors, cognitive factors, emotional factors, social support factors, social environment, and NSSI behavior. A system of factors influencing adolescents' NSSI behavior and a model of the factors influencing the comprehensive antagonism multilevel explanatory structure were obtained using a combination of Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory technique and Total Adversarial Interpretive Structural Model. In descending order, NSSI, emotional state, self-efficacy, and self-cognition influenced adolescents' NSSI behavior. Social environment, exercise, and recreation had a greater impact on other factors, while NSSI, emotional regulation ability, and emotional state were greatly affected by other factors. Emotion regulation ability, self-cognition, self-efficacy, family support, school support, social support, and sleep were found to be the core factors influencing NSSI behavior of adolescents. These factors could be used to directly intervene in adolescent NSSI behavior. Timely treatment of adolescents' negative emotional states is directly conducive to preventing NSSI behavior and alleviating its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensong Lan
- grid.464329.e0000 0004 1798 8991School of Public Administrations, Hechi University, Hechi, 546300 China ,grid.444506.70000 0000 9272 6490Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Human Development, Sultan Idris Education University, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak Malaysia
| | - Kee Pau
- grid.444506.70000 0000 9272 6490Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Human Development, Sultan Idris Education University, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak Malaysia
| | - Hapsah Mohd Yusof
- grid.444506.70000 0000 9272 6490Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Human Development, Sultan Idris Education University, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak Malaysia
| | - Xuefang Huang
- grid.464329.e0000 0004 1798 8991School of Public Administrations, Hechi University, Hechi, 546300 China
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