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Shi Q, Xu L, Cai L, Deng S, Qi X. Sucralose regulates postprandial blood glucose in mice through intestinal sweet taste receptors Tas1r2/Tas1r3. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2233-2244. [PMID: 37938171 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-nutritive sweeteners (such as sucralose) bind to sweet receptors Tas1r2/Tas1r3 on intestinal endocrine L cells after diets to upregulate blood glucose. However, the mechanism by which sucralose regulates postprandial blood glucose (PBG) has not been clarified to date. We hypothesized that the gut sweet taste receptor was one of the targets for sucralose to regulate PBG. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of sucralose on PBG based on the gut sweet taste receptor signaling pathway and to explore the mechanism. Therefore, we examined PBG, genes, and proteins associated with the gut sweet receptor pathway in sucralose-exposed mice. RESULTS The results showed that after 12 weeks of sucralose exposure the PBG of mice increased significantly, and the expression of intestinal sweet taste receptors increased correspondingly. Within the concentration range of this experiment, a significant increase of PBG was observed in mice fed on sucralose with a concentration equal to or higher than 0.33 g L-1 . CONCLUSION Long-term consumption of sucralose may increase body weight and the risk of elevated PBG, resulting in overexpression of sweetness receptors and glucose transporters. The mechanism of these effects might be the result of non-nutritive sweeteners binding to sweetness receptors Tas1r2/Tas1r3 in gut endocrine cells and upregulating Slc5a1 and Slc2a2. But we cannot rule out that the rise in PBG is the result of a combination of sweet receptors and gut microbes. Therefore, the effect of gut microbes on PBG needs to be studied further. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering (Level A), Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering (Level A), Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Cai
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Deng
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering (Level A), Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
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Ge X, He X, Lin Z, Zhu Y, Jiang X, Zhao L, Zeng F, Chen L, Xu W, Liu T, Chen Z, Zhao C, Huang Y, Liu B. 6,8-(1,3-Diaminoguanidine) luteolin and its Cr complex show hypoglycemic activities and alter intestinal microbiota composition in type 2 diabetes mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:3572-3589. [PMID: 35262159 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoid compounds such as luteolin exhibit hypolipidemic effects, and there are few reports on the hypoglycemic activity of luteolin derivatives. In this research, 6,8-(1,3-diaminoguanidine) luteolin (DAGL) and its Cr complex (DAGL·Cr) were obtained as a result of structural modifications to luteolin, and the hypoglycemic activities and the composition of intestinal microbiota in T2DM mice were investigated. This study found that DAGL and DAGL·Cr could significantly restore body weight, FBG, OGTT, AUC, and GSP in T2DM mice. Moreover, the pancreatic islet function index and the biochemical indicators of serum and the liver were also significantly improved. The histopathological results also showed that DAGL and DAGL·Cr had a stronger repair ability in the liver and the pancreas. It was also revealed that the potential hypoglycemic mechanism of DAGL and DAGL·Cr was involved in the simultaneous regulation of PI3K/AKT-1/GSK-3β/GLUT-4 and PI3K/AKT-1/mTOR/S6K1/IRS-1. Furthermore, DAGL and DAGL·Cr could also regulate the structure of the intestinal microbiota and increase the content of SCFA to relieve the symptoms of hyperglycemia in T2DM mice. This included a significant reduction in the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (F/B), and at the genus level, an increase in the relative abundance of Alistipe and Ruminiclostridium, and improvement in the content of SCFA in the feces of T2DM mice. In conclusion, in this study, DAGL and DAGL·Cr were found to improve hyperglycemia in T2DM mice by improving the pancreatic islet function index, regulating the biochemical indicators of serum and the liver, repairing damaged tissues, and regulating the PI3K/AKT-1 signaling pathway as well as reducing F/B, increasing the relative abundance of intestinal beneficial microbiota, and the content of SCFA in the feces. The hypoglycemic effect of DAGL·Cr on the body weight, serum IL-10, serum IL-6, and pancreatic islet function index was significantly better than that of DAGL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Ge
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xiaoyu He
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhenshan Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Ligen Chen
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Yancheng Second People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Yancheng Second People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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Alsaif M, Triador L, Colin-Ramirez E, Elliott S, Mackenzie ML, Field CJ, Prado CM, Haqq AM. Effect of High-Protein Diet on Postprandial Energy Expenditure in Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Pilot and Feasibility Study. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab016. [PMID: 33817544 PMCID: PMC7994067 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of measuring a postprandial increase in energy expenditure (ΔEE) using a state-of-the-art whole-body calorimetry unit (WBCU) in children and youth with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Five participants (aged 10-25 y) received both a standard and a high-protein diet in a random order (crossover design). Resting energy expenditure, postprandial ΔEE 6 h after intake of a standard [15% of total energy (TE)] and a high-protein (30% TE) meal, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured in a WBCU. No differences were observed in ΔEE comparing the 2 meals. Mean RER was lower following the high-protein meal (0.80 ± 0.01) compared with the standard meal (0.87 ± 0.02) (P = 0.009). Despite the high participant burden, it was feasible to conduct this metabolic test in children and youth with PWS. This study paves the way for further studies targeting EE in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alsaif
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lucila Triador
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Elliott
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michelle L Mackenzie
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea M Haqq
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Barcellos PS, Borges N, Torres DPM. New equation to estimate resting energy expenditure in non-critically ill patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 37:240-246. [PMID: 32359751 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correct measurement of resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential to offer a proper nutritional management during hospital stay. Dietitians are not able to perform an effective dietary treatment if predicted REE values are obtained from invalid equations. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a more valid method to estimate REE in non-critically ill Portuguese patients. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) in 180 non-critically patients during hospital stay (50 participants were allocated to the validation group by simple randomization and the remaining 130 were allocated to the derivation group). The best accurate equations were derived by multiple linear regression analysis (stepwise) based on anthropometric variables. The equations were tested on the validation group and compared with published predictive equations. RESULTS Data was collected from 130 patients, 68 women (52.3%) and 62 men (47.7%), mean age was 58.9 ± 16.8 years and REE-IC was 1918 ± 721 kcal/day. The new best-fit equation REE (kcal/day) = 14.4 (Height) + 52.7 (MUAC) + 453.4 (1 if male, 0 if female) - 371.2 (if Obese) - 2138.3 showed strength of evidence decisive (BF₁₀ = 8008), when compared by Bayesian model, and r2 = 0.315. Only estimated REE values obtained using new equations did not present significant difference when compared with measured REE values (kcal/kg). CONCLUSIONS In this study, new equations derived from a non-critically ill population showed higher validity in estimating REE than currently used equations. A better estimation of REE may lead to a better nutritional intervention and a decreased risk of undernutrition in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila S Barcellos
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Brazil.
| | - Nuno Borges
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS Center for Health Technology & Services Research, Rua Dr Placido da Costa, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Duarte P M Torres
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
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