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Han M, Joo H, Lee H, Heo J, Jung JW, Kim YD, Park E, Nam HS. Arterial Stiffness Predicts the Outcome of Endovascular Treatment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4198. [PMID: 39064237 PMCID: PMC11278379 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between arterial stiffness and outcome after endovascular treatment (EVT) is unknown. This study investigated whether arterial stiffness predicts post-EVT outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: This retrospective and observational cohort study included consecutive patients treated with EVT for acute ischemic stroke from June 2020 to November 2022. Arterial stiffness was assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Poor functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≥3 at 3 months. Results: The mean age of patients included in this study was 71.9 ± 11.8 years, and 57.3% were men. Poor functional outcome was present in 46.8%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that arterial stiffness was independently associated with poor functional outcome (odds ratio 8.640, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.581-47.228) after adjusting for age, initial stroke severity, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, device pass number, and successful recanalization. A nomogram based on the multivariable statistic model showed a better prediction of poor functional outcome compared to classic risk factor models without arterial stiffness (net reclassification improvement 0.529, 95% CI 0.186-0.873; integrated discrimination improvement 0.046, 95% CI 0.009-0.083). Conclusions: We found that arterial stiffness was an independent predictor of poor functional outcome in patients treated with EVT following acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Han
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Haram Joo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Hyungwoo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
| | - JoonNyung Heo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Jae Wook Jung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Young Dae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Park
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Suk Nam
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.H.); (H.L.); (J.H.); (J.W.J.); (Y.D.K.); (E.P.)
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Han M, Lim IH, Hong SH, Nam HS, Heo JH, Kim YD. Initial stroke severity and discharge outcome in patients with muscle mass deficit. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1911. [PMID: 38253736 PMCID: PMC10803775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between muscle mass deficit and the initial severity of ischemic stroke. The impact of muscle mass deficit on the discharge outcome was also evaluated. This retrospective study included 660 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent bioelectrical impedance analyses. We compared the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, occurrence of moderate stroke (NIHSSS ≥ 5) at admission, and unfavorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 2) at discharge between patients with and without muscle mass deficit using Poisson and logistic regression analyses. The mean age of the study patients was 65.6 ± 13.0, and 63.3% were males. Muscle mass deficit was present in 24.4% of patients. Muscle mass deficit was significantly and independently associated with NIHSS score or moderate stroke (all p < 0.05). This association was noted regardless of patient characteristics. Among the respective NIHSS items, muscle mass deficit was significantly associated with facial palsy, motor function of the arm or leg, limb ataxia, and dysarthria. Muscle mass deficit also led to unfavorable functional outcome, which was mediated by the initial NIHSS score. In conclusion, muscle mass deficit is associated with higher NIHSS score and unfavorable functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Han
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - In Hwan Lim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Soon-Ho Hong
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyo Suk Nam
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoe Heo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Young Dae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Li X, Du H, Li X, Gao Q, Chen J, Chen X. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with intracranial artery calcification in acute stroke patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 233:107918. [PMID: 37541159 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial artery calcification (IAC) is closely associated with cerebrovascular disease. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a noninvasive method for estimating arterial stiffness, which reflects the stiffness of peripheral arteries. This study aimed to examine the association of baPWV with the presence and degree of IAC in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS A total of 143 ischemic stroke subjects were recruited. A head computed tomography (CT) scan was used to assess the presence and severity of IAC. The oscillometric method was used to simultaneously measure bilateral brachial and posterior tibial arterial pulse waveforms and arterial BP. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent relationship between baPWV and IAC. RESULTS 143 subjects were included in this study. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population were classified according to the baPWV quartile. A higher prevalence of IAC was noted across increasing baPWV quartiles (Q1: 53 %, Q2: 69 %, Q3: 86 %, Q4: 94 %, P < 0.001). IAC scores were also increased with elevated ccPWV values (1.60 ± 1.71; 2.56 ± 1.99; 3.44 ± 1.91; 4.64 ± 1.58. P < 0.001). After an additional adjustment for age and hypertension, the odds ratio (95 % confidence interval) for the IAC scores was 1.61 (1.06-2.45; P = 0.025) in the top quartile of baPWV compared with those in the lowest quartile. CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffness as defined by baPWV was positively associated with the degree of IAC in patients with acute ischemic stroke, suggesting the severity of IAC may also be a marker of peripheral or systemic arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelong Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Xianliang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260 China.
| | - Qingchun Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260 China.
| | - Junru Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiangyan Chen
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Li X, Du H, Li J, Li X, Gao Q, Chen X. Cerebral Arterial Stiffness as Measured Based on the Pulse Wave Velocity is Associated With Intracranial Artery Calcification in Patients With Acute Stroke. J Clin Neurol 2023:19.e24. [PMID: 36929059 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE By measuring a newly defined parameter, the carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV), this study aimed to determine the association of intracranial artery calcification (IAC) with arterial stiffness as reflected by the pulse wave velocity between the carotid and middle cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler sonography in patients with acute stroke. METHODS We recruited 146 patients with ischemic stroke from our stroke center. Computed tomography of the head was used to assess the presence and severity of IAC. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using ccPWV. Data are presented as quartiles of ccPWV. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the independent relationship between ccPWV and IAC. RESULTS The IAC prevalence increased with the ccPWV quartile, being 54%, 76%, 83%, and 89% for quartiles 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively (p<0.001) as did IAC scores, with median [interquartile range] values of 0 [0-2], 3 [2-4], 4 [2-5], and 5 [4-6], respectively (p<0.001). After additionally adjusting for age and hypertension, a significant correlation was only found between quartiles 3 and 4 of ccPWV and IAC scores. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the IAC scores was 1.78 (1.28-2.50) (p=0.001) in quartile 4 of ccPWV and 1.45 (1.07-1.95) (p=0.015) in quartile 3 compared with quartile 1. CONCLUSIONS We found that in patients with acute ischemic stroke, ccPWV was positively related to the degree of IAC. Future longitudinal cohort studies may help to identify the potential role of IAC in the progression of cerebral arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelong Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianliang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyan Chen
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Liu W, Zhang L, Gao Y, Liu K, Li Y, Liu C, Yan Y, Liu H, Li S, Fang H, Song B, Xia Z, Xu Y. The association of arterial stiffness index with cerebrovascular and cardiometabolic disease: A Mendelian randomization study. Int J Stroke 2022; 17:1145-1150. [DOI: 10.1177/17474930211066432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Arterial stiffness index (ASI) is a potential risk factor for cerebrovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, but the causal links between them are inconclusive. The aim is to evaluate the causal effects of ASI on cerebrovascular and cardiometabolic diseases by Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Two-sample MR analysis was performed to infer causal links. Genetic variants significantly associated with ASI were extracted. The inverse variance weighted method was used for estimating the effects. Sensitivity analysis was performed to test heterogeneity or pleiotropy. Results: MR analysis indicated an effect of genetically predicted ASI on the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) of all causes (OR = 1.894, 95% CI 1.210–2.965, p = 0.005). No links were identified between genetically predicted ASI and other cerebrovascular or cardiometabolic diseases (all p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis of IS etiologies found a suggestive association between genetically predicted ASI and large artery atherosclerosis stroke (LAS) (OR = 3.726, 95% CI 1.230–11.286, p = 0.020). There were no effects of ASI on IS due to cardioembolism or small vessel occlusion. Conclusion: The current MR analysis suggested that genetically predicted ASI was associated with higher risk of IS of all causes. The results and the underlying pathways or mechanisms between ASI and IS needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishi Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luyang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxue Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zongping Xia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Balestrini CS, Al-Khazraji BK, Suskin N, Shoemaker JK. Does vascular stiffness predict white matter hyperintensity burden in ischemic heart disease with preserved ejection fraction? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H1401-H1409. [PMID: 32357114 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00057.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The survival rate of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is increasing. However, survivors experience increased risk for neurological complications. The mechanisms for this increased risk are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that patients with IHD have greater carotid and cerebrovascular stiffness, and these indexes predict white matter small vessel disease. Fifty participants (age, 40-78 yr), 30 with IHD with preserved ejection fraction and 20 healthy age-matched controls, were studied using ultrasound imaging of the common carotid artery (CCA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA), as well as magnetic resonance imaging (T1, T2-FLAIR), to measure white matter lesion volume (WMLv). Carotid β-stiffness provided the primary measure of peripheral vascular stiffness. Carotid-cerebral pulse wave transit time (ccPWTT) provided a marker of cerebrovascular stiffness. Pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) of the MCA were calculated as measures of downstream cerebrovascular resistance. When compared with controls, patients with IHD exhibited greater β-stiffness [8.5 ± 3.3 vs. 6.8 ± 2.2 arbitrary units (AU); P = 0.04], MCA PI (1.1 ± 0.20 vs. 0.98 ± 0.18 AU; P = 0.02), and MCA RI (0.66 ± 0.06 vs. 0.62 ± 0.07 AU; P = 0.04). There was no difference in WMLv between IHD and control groups (0.95 ± 1.2 vs. 0.86 ± 1.4 mL; P = 0.81). In pooled patient data, WMLv correlated with both β-stiffness (R = 0.34, P = 0.02) and cerebrovascular ccPWTT (R = -0.43, P = 0.02); however, β-stiffness and ccPWTT were not associated (P = 0.13). In multivariate analysis, WMLv remained independently associated with ccPWTT (P = 0.02) and carotid β-stiffness (P = 0.04). Patients with IHD expressed greater β-stiffness and cerebral microvascular resistance. However, IHD did not increase risk of WMLv or cerebrovascular stiffness. Nonetheless, pooled data indicate that both carotid and cerebrovascular stiffness are independently associated with WMLv.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study found that patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) with preserved ejection fraction and normal blood pressures exhibit greater carotid β-stiffness, as well as middle cerebral artery pulsatility and resistive indexes, than controls. White matter lesion volume (WMLv) was not different between vascular pathology groups. Cerebrovascular pulse wave transit time (ccPWTT) and carotid β-stiffness independently associate with WMLv in pooled participant data, suggesting that regardless of heart disease history, ccPWTT and β-stiffness are associated with structural white matter damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neville Suskin
- Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Program of Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Program of Experimental Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Zhang K, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Suo C, Xu K, Zhu Z, Zhu C, Zhao G, Jin L, Ye W, Cui M, Chen X. Associations of Arterial Stiffness and Carotid Atherosclerosis with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Rural Community-Based Population. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 27:922-933. [PMID: 32037371 PMCID: PMC7508727 DOI: 10.5551/jat.52530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to examine the associations of four extracranial artery indicators with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and its total burden. METHODS A total of 904 individuals aged 55-65 years old were included from the Taizhou Imaging Study. CSVD markers, including lacunes (LAC), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMB), and perivascular spaces (PVS), were rated based on brain magnetic resonance imaging. We also measured extracranial artery indices, including the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), the ankle-brachial index, the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and carotid plaque. Linear and binary logistic regressions were adopted to test the associations among these four artery indicators and each CSVD marker when appropriate. Additionally, ordinal and multinomial logistic regressions were performed to assess the relationships between artery indicators and total CSVD score (range from 0-4 points). RESULTS A total of 443 (49.0%) participants were found to have at least one of the CSVD markers, including 172 (19.0%) with WMH, 184 (20.4%) with LAC, 147 (16.3%) with CMB, and 226 (25.0%) with PVS. Increased baPWV was significantly associated with each CSVD marker, increasing carotid IMT was associated with LAC and PVS, and the presence of carotid plaque was associated with WMH volume and PVS. Moreover, per SD increment of baPWV (odds ratio [OR]: 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.50) and the presence of carotid plaque (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.05-1.92) were significantly associated with greater total CSVD scores. CONCLUSION Increased baPWV and the presence of carotid plaque appear to be associated with total CSVD burden in rural regions in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Yanfeng Jiang
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University
| | - Yingzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Chen Suo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Kelin Xu
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences.,Department of Biostatistics, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Chengkai Zhu
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University.,School of Life Sciences, Fudan University
| | - Genming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University
| | - Li Jin
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University.,School of Life Sciences, Fudan University
| | - Weimin Ye
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Xingdong Chen
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University
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