Uemura K, Yamada M, Kuzuya M, Okamoto H. Effects of Active Learning Education on Arterial Stiffness of Older Adults with Low Health Literacy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Atheroscler Thromb 2020;
28:865-872. [PMID:
33071262 PMCID:
PMC8326177 DOI:
10.5551/jat.58354]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:
We examined the effects of active learning education on arterial stiffness and physical activity of community-dwelling older adults with low health literacy.
Methods:
This study is a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial of 60 participants aged 65 and older with low health literacy. The intervention group (
n
=30) participated in a weekly 90-minute active learning program session for 24 weeks, which addressed health promotion in older age. The control group (
n
=30) attended a 90-minute health education class in a didactic manner. The outcomes were measured at baseline and in week 24. The degree of arterial stiffness was assessed based on the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) using the VS-1500 device (Fukuda Denshi Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The shortened version of the self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the amount of total physical activity determined by the metabolic equivalent hours per week. We used analysis by intention-to-treat, with multiple imputation for missing data.
Results:
Seven participants (11.7%) dropped out prior to the post-intervention assessment. The multiple imputation analysis revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvement in CAVI [between-groups difference (95% confidence interval)=-0.78 (-1.25 to -0.31), Cohen’s
d
=0.82] and physical activity [32.5 (0.3 to 64.7), Cohen’s
d
=0.57] as compared with the control group. The sensitivity analysis for the complete cases showed similar results.
Conclusion:
Active learning health education may be effective in improving arterial stiffness and physical activity in older adults with low health literacy.
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