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Zancana G, Armocida D, Capobianco M, Corvino S, Cofano F, Garbossa D, Santoro A, Frati A. Clinical, Radiologic, and Surgical Features of Brain Metastases in Colorectal Cancer. A Strong Correlation Between Surgical Patterns and Outcome. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)01213-0. [PMID: 39013497 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases (BMs) from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a small percentage of metastatic patients and surgery is considered the best choice to improve survival. While most research has focused on the risk of CRC spreading to the brain, no studies have examined the characteristics of BMs in relation to surgery and outcome. In this study, we evaluate the clinical and radiologic features of BMs from CRC patients who underwent surgery and analyze their outcomes. METHODS The study is a retrospective observational analysis that included a cohort of 31 patients affected by CRC surgically-treated for their related BMs. For all patients, clinical and surgical data (number, site, side, tumor and edema volume, and morphology) were recorded. RESULTS Analysis found that synchronous diagnosis and lesion morphology, particularly cystic versus solid, had the most significant impact on survival (6 vs. 22 months, P = 0.04). To compare BMs with cystic morphology to those with solid morphology, a multivariate analysis was conducted. No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of age, sex, clinical onset, or performance status. The analysis revealed no significant differences in localization with regard to site, tumor and edema volume, biology, or complications rate. CONCLUSIONS BMs derived from CRC have a significantly different prognosis depending on whether they present as a solid or cystic pattern. Although solid pattern is more common, cystic BMs in this tumor type are less frequent and are associated with a poorer prognosis, regardless of molecular expression, location, size, and adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Zancana
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division, Sapienza University Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Armocida
- Neuroscience Department "Rita Levi Montalcini", Neurosurgery Unit, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy; Experimental Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS "Neuromed", Pozzilli, Italy.
| | - Mattia Capobianco
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division, Sapienza University Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Corvino
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Cofano
- Neuroscience Department "Rita Levi Montalcini", Neurosurgery Unit, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Neuroscience Department "Rita Levi Montalcini", Neurosurgery Unit, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Human Neurosciences Department Neurosurgery Division, Sapienza University Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Experimental Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS "Neuromed", Pozzilli, Italy
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Gao Z, Jin X, Wu S. Clinical features and prognostic factors of brain metastases from colorectal cancer: a single center experience. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:198. [PMID: 37466736 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, survival times, and therapy outcomes of brain metastases (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS The clinical characteristics of 25 patients with BM from CRC were retrospectively analyzed. The time of the occurrence of BM after diagnosis of CRC was recorded. Meanwhile, the time from the occurrence of lung, bone, liver, and other extracranial metastases to the occurrence of BM was also recorded. We evaluate the time factors affecting the length of the occurrence of BM and the potential prognostic factors after BM diagnosis. The influences of patients undergoing surgery-based comprehensive treatment, radiotherapy-based comprehensive treatment, and co-medication were also assessed. RESULTS In patients with BM from CRC, lung metastases (13/25) occurred at a higher frequency than liver metastases (8/25) and bone metastases (6/25). The median time to the development of BM was much shorter (3.7 vs. 25.3 months, p = 0.027), with the brain being the origin site for the metastasis. The median overall survival reached 9.9 months. The interval between diagnosis of BM and bone, liver, and lung metastasis remains 3, 6.5, and 11 months, respectively. The brain lesions of patients with BM alone had higher rates in supratentorial (88.9%), while those with extracranial metastasis had a 62.5% incidence of infratentorial metastasis. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The time of occurrence of BM in patients aged 67 years and younger was 16.1 and 30.1 months, respectively. The differences between them were statistically significant (p = 0.043). The BM time for left- and right-sided colon cancer were 26.5 and 7.8 months, representing a statistically significant difference (p = 0.015). The time to onset of BM for patients with and without the resection of primary lesions was 25.4 and 4.5 months. Statistically significant differences are shown (p = 0.007). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the prognosis of patients was related to the KPS score, the number of BM, the treatment methods, and the occurrence of lung metastasis (p < 0.05). The multivariate analysis revealed that the treatment modality and lung metastasis were independent prognostic factors for CRC patients with BM. Right-sided CRC patients with BM have a poor prognosis (8.1 vs. 10.2 months, p = 0.31). Although median survival time was not significantly different between patients with and without bevacizumab combination therapy, bevacizumab therapy is associated with a better survival time (9.9 vs. 7.1 months, p = 0.27). CONCLUSION Patients with left-sided CRC, especially those with lung metastases, are prone to brain metastases, and patients with brain metastases as the first metastatic site have a higher rate of supratentorial metastases. Young patients with right hemicolon cancer and patients who have not undergone primary lesion resection have a shorter time for the occurrence of BM. Patients with colorectal lung metastases, especially those young with right-sided CRC, require close imaging surveillance of BM. The prognosis of CRC patients with BM and lung metastases is poor, and comprehensive treatment based on surgery could significantly prolong patients' survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xuan Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Shikai Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Simsek M, Deveci M. Cerebellar metastasis of colon cancer at diagnosis: A very rare case. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:S493-S494. [PMID: 36511013 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_514_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Besides, brain metastasis from CRC is relatively rare. A 68-year-old male referred to the emergency clinic with headache, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. A cerebellar mass lesion was determined and totally excised. Pathology revealed a metastatic adenocarcinoma. Colonoscopic biopsy obtained from the lesion in the colon was reported as adenocarcinoma. A cerebellar recurrent lesion occurred, and radiotherapy was initiated. After radiotherapy, FOLFOX-bevacizumab combination regimen was initiated as the first-line treatment of the patient with metastatic colon cancer. Significant improvements in the clinical outcomes of CRC were achieved in recent years. However, brain metastasis from CRC has a poor prognosis. We aimed to report a rare presentation of CRC with synchronous brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melih Simsek
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yozgat City Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Murat Deveci
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yozgat City Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey
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Li W, Wang T, Zhu Y, Yu H, Ma L, Ding Y, Hong G, Lei D. Brain metastasis from colorectal cancer: Treatment, survival, and prognosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30273. [PMID: 36221357 PMCID: PMC9542566 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the clinical characteristics, survival, prognostic factors, and treatment of brain metastasis (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). Twenty-one patients with BM from CRC were retrospectively reviewed. Predictive factors for BM and prognostic factors after the diagnosis of BM were examined by univariate and multivariate COX analysis. The time from the development of extracranial metastases, including lung, bone, and liver, to the occurrence of BM was recorded separately. The median overall survival time was 7 months. In univariate prognostic analysis, median survival with multimodal therapy was better than that with unimodal therapy (10 months vs 3 months, P = .000). In addition, median survival with Karnofsky performance status (KPS) < 70, 1 BM lesion, primary tumor stage of II-III, extracranial lesions < 2, and no extracranial metastasis were much better than the other groups (P < .05 of all). Although there was not a significant difference in median survival between patients receiving combination treatment with bevacizumab and those who did not, treatment with bevacizumab was associated with better survival (10 months vs 5 months, P = .436). The time intervals from bone, liver, and lung metastases to BM were 3, 6.5, and 11 months, respectively. Based on multivariate Cox analysis, KPS and treatment modalities were independent prognosis factors (P = .039 and P = .000, respectively). CRC patients with a high KPS and multimodal treatment have improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Li
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tongsheng Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haijiao Yu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Ding
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gao Hong
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Lei
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Ding, Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, No. 10 Tieyi Road, Beijing 100038, China (e-mail: )
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Cheng X, Li Y, Chen D, Xu X, Liu F, Zhao F. Primary Tumor Resection Provides Survival Benefits for Patients with Synchronous Brain Metastases from Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071586. [PMID: 35885491 PMCID: PMC9322496 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Brain metastases (BMs), particularly synchronous brain metastases, in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are uncommon. The survival benefit of primary tumor resection (PTR) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer is controversial. Whether PTR can bring survival benefits to patients with BMs of CRC has not been reported. Methods: From 2010 to 2016, 581 CRC patients with BMs from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were divided into PTR and non-PTR groups. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival distributions. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival. By controlling additional prognostic factors, a Cox proportional multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate the survival benefit of PTR. Results: The median overall survival for CRC patients with synchronous BMs was 3 months, with a 1-year survival rate of 27.2% and a 2-year survival rate of 12.8%. The PTR group contained 171 patients (29.4%), whereas the non-PTR group had 410 patients (70.6%). Patients who underwent PTR had a 1-year survival rate of 40.2% compared to 21.7% in those who did not (p < 0.0001). Cox proportional analysis showed that patients ≥60 years (hazard ratio [HR] 1.718, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.423−2.075, p < 0.0001) had a shorter OS than patients < 60 years of age. OS was better in CEA-negative than in CEA-positive patients (HR 0.652, 95% CI 0.472−0.899, p = 0.009). Patients in whom the primary tumor was removed had considerably improved prognoses (HR 0.654, 95% CI 0.531−0.805, p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the PTR group achieved a survival advantage except for patients with CEA negative. Conclusions: Patients with synchronous BMs from CRC may benefit from primary tumor resection (PTR). Age, CEA level, and PTR were independent prognostic risk factors for CRC patients with synchronous BMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (X.C.); (D.C.); (X.X.)
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China;
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (X.C.); (D.C.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiangming Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (X.C.); (D.C.); (X.X.)
| | - Fanlong Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (X.C.); (D.C.); (X.X.)
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (F.Z.)
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Chang Y, Wong CE, Lee PH, Huang CC, Lee JS. Survival Outcome of Surgical Resection vs. Radiotherapy in Brain Metastasis From Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:768896. [PMID: 35350580 PMCID: PMC8957984 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.768896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of brain metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRC) increases along with the greater survival rate for CRC because of the advances in therapeutic modalities. Local treatment strategies for brain metastasis include surgical resection and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, given the incongruent literature, the optimal therapeutic approach remains to be investigated. This study aims to systematically compare the real-world survival outcome of surgical resection and radiotherapy in patients with brain metastasis from CRC. Methods Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines (PROSPERO, ID: CRD42021240200), the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Medline were searched from the inception of the database to August 2021. Meta-analyses were conducted with results pooled using hazard ratios with corresponding 95% CIs to evaluate the overall survival (OS) following local treatment for brain metastasis from CRC. Summary effects were evaluated using a series of random-effect models. Results In this review, 17 retrospective studies comprising 1,438 participants were included. In comparison with radiotherapy, the OS of patients who received brain metastasectomy was generally longer (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.47–0.60). Extracerebral metastases (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.34–1.86) and multiple brain metastases (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.10–1.72) were associated with worse survival outcomes. Conclusions For patients with brain metastasis from CRC, the current real-world evidence demonstrated the survival benefit of aggressive neurosurgical management in suitable patients. Additionally, patients with extracerebral metastases and multiple brain metastases had worse survival outcomes. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=240200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chang
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-En Wong
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Lee
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Huang
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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7
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Liu S, Jin J. Radiotherapy guidelines for rectal cancer in China (2020 Edition). PRECISION RADIATION ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pro6.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Liu
- Radiation Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Doctor Association China
- Radiation Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association China
- Cancer Radiotherapy Committee of Anti‐cancer Association of China China
| | - Jing Jin
- Radiation Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Doctor Association China
- Radiation Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association China
- Cancer Radiotherapy Committee of Anti‐cancer Association of China China
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Müller S, Köhler F, Hendricks A, Kastner C, Börner K, Diers J, Lock JF, Petritsch B, Germer CT, Wiegering A. Brain Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis to Establish a Guideline for Daily Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:900. [PMID: 33669974 PMCID: PMC7924831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. Most patients with metastatic CRC develop liver or lung metastases, while a minority suffer from brain metastases. There is little information available regarding the presentation, treatment, and overall survival of brain metastases (BM) from CRC. This systematic review and meta-analysis includes data collected from three major databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase) based on the key words "brain", "metastas*", "tumor", "colorectal", "cancer", and "malignancy". In total, 1318 articles were identified in the search and 86 studies matched the inclusion criteria. The incidence of BM varied between 0.1% and 11.5%. Most patients developed metastases at other sites prior to developing BM. Lung metastases and KRAS mutations were described as risk factors for additional BM. Patients with BM suffered from various symptoms, but up to 96.8% of BM patients were asymptomatic at the time of BM diagnosis. Median survival time ranged from 2 to 9.6 months, and overall survival (OS) increased up to 41.1 months in patients on a multimodal therapy regimen. Several factors including age, blood levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), multiple metastases sites, number of brain lesions, and presence of the KRAS mutation were predictors of OS. For BM diagnosis, MRI was considered to be state of the art. Treatment consisted of a combination of surgery, radiation, or systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Müller
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Franziska Köhler
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Anne Hendricks
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Carolin Kastner
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Kevin Börner
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Johannes Diers
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Johan F. Lock
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
| | - Bernhard Petritsch
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany;
| | - Christoph-Thomas Germer
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Armin Wiegering
- Department of General, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany; (S.M.); (F.K.); (A.H.); (C.K.); (K.B.); (J.D.); (J.F.L.); (C.-T.G.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany
- Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, 97084 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Kan JY, Lee YC, Lin YD, Ho WY, Moi SH. Effect of Baseline Characteristics and Tumor Burden on Vaspin Expression and Progressive Disease in Operable Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100801. [PMID: 33050209 PMCID: PMC7600084 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy in the Asian population, and it is considered an important prognostic factor for baseline characteristics, tumor burden, and tumor markers. This study investigated the effect of baseline characteristics and tumor burden on tumor marker expression and progressive disease in colorectal cancer by using partial least squares variance-based path modeling (PLS-PM). PLS-PM can be used to evaluate the complex relationship between prognostic variables and progressive disease status with a small sample of measurements and structural models. A total of 89 tissue samples of colorectal cancer were analyzed. Our results suggested that the expression of visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin (vaspin) is a potential indicator of colorectal cancer progression and may be affected by baseline characteristics such as age, sex, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, according to the characteristics of tumor burden, the expression of vaspin was generally higher in each progressive disease patient. The overall findings suggest that vaspin is a potential indicator of the progressive disease and may be affected by the baseline characteristics of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yu Kan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan;
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Yu-Da Lin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Yi Ho
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Sin-Hua Moi
- Center of Cancer Program Development, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-6150022 (ext. 6059)
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