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Hasegawa RB, Small DS. Estimating Malaria Vaccine Efficacy in the Absence of a Gold Standard Case Definition: Mendelian Factorial Design. J Am Stat Assoc 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2020.1863222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raiden B. Hasegawa
- Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dylan S. Small
- Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Seeking New Parameters In Differentiating Child Tuberculosis From Community Acquired Pneumonia- Is It Possible?”. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.823844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wong M, Coit JM, Mendoza M, Chiang SS, Marin H, Galea JT, Lecca L, Franke MF. Incident Tuberculosis Diagnoses in Children at High Risk for Disease. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab075. [PMID: 33738322 PMCID: PMC7953651 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We followed 35 children meeting a research definition for unconfirmed tuberculosis (TB) but in whom a pediatric pulmonologist did not diagnose or treat TB. After a median follow-up of 16.4 months, most children were not diagnosed with TB following a comprehensive evaluation. However, 2 were diagnosed with TB, demonstrating high TB risk (6%; exact 95% CI, 1%–19%). In some contexts, researchers may wish to supplement these research definitions with clinical decision data and longitudinal follow-up in order to improve specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia M Coit
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Silvia S Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Jerome T Galea
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Leonid Lecca
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru.,Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Molly F Franke
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Graham SM, Cuevas LE, Jean-Philippe P, Browning R, Casenghi M, Detjen AK, Gnanashanmugam D, Hesseling AC, Kampmann B, Mandalakas A, Marais BJ, Schito M, Spiegel HML, Starke JR, Worrell C, Zar HJ. Clinical Case Definitions for Classification of Intrathoracic Tuberculosis in Children: An Update. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61Suppl 3:S179-87. [PMID: 26409281 PMCID: PMC4583568 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Consensus case definitions for childhood tuberculosis have been proposed by an international expert panel, aiming to standardize the reporting of cases in research focusing on the diagnosis of intrathoracic tuberculosis in children. These definitions are intended for tuberculosis diagnostic evaluation studies of symptomatic children with clinical suspicion of intrathoracic tuberculosis, and were not intended to predefine inclusion criteria into such studies. Feedback from researchers suggested that further clarification was required and that these case definitions could be further improved. Particular concerns were the perceived complexity and overlap of some case definitions, as well as the potential exclusion of children with acute onset of symptoms or less severe disease. The updated case definitions proposed here incorporate a number of key changes that aim to reduce complexity and improve research performance, while maintaining the original focus on symptomatic children suspected of having intrathoracic tuberculosis. The changes proposed should enhance harmonized classification for intrathoracic tuberculosis disease in children across studies, resulting in greater comparability and the much-needed ability to pool study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Graham
- Centre for International Child Health, University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luis E. Cuevas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
| | | | - Renee Browning
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Anne K. Detjen
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - Devasena Gnanashanmugam
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Anneke C. Hesseling
- Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Centre, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Beate Kampmann
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Vaccinology Theme, MRC Unit, The Gambia
| | - Anna Mandalakas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Ben J. Marais
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity) and the Sydney Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity Institute and The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Jeffrey R. Starke
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston
| | - Carol Worrell
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Heather J. Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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