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Biénès T, Lyssens A, Machiels H, Hercot ME, Fastres A, Alexandru-Cosmin T, Deville M, Charlier C, Billen F, Clercx C. Intranasal and Serum Gentamicin Concentration: Comparison of Three Topical Administration Protocols in Dogs. Vet Sci 2023; 10:490. [PMID: 37624277 PMCID: PMC10457901 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials' topical administration efficacy has not been assessed in dogs with upper respiratory tract disease. The aim was to compare the concentration of gentamicin in nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and in serum after three topical protocols. This was a prospective crossover study of ten healthy dogs. Gentamicin was nebulized for a duration of 1 week, twice a day, for 10 min in the first protocol (10-min protocol) and for 3 min in the second protocol (3-min protocol), while the third protocol consisted of the administration of 0.25 mL of gentamicin in each nostril (drop protocol). Median concentrations of gentamicin in NALF were 9.39 µg/mL (8.12-19.97 interquartile range), 4.96 µg/mL (4.60-6.43) and 137.00 µg/mL (110.5-162.00) in the 10-min protocol, 3-min protocol and drop protocol, respectively. The result for the drop protocol was significantly higher than those of both nebulization protocols in NALF (p = 0.039). In serum, the gentamicin concentration was 0.98 µg/mL (0.65-1.53) and 0.25 µg/mL (0.25-0.44) in the 10-min and 3-min protocols, respectively. Gentamicin was not detected in the serum of seven out of ten dogs in the drop protocol, and gentamicin was significantly higher in the 10-min protocol compared to the drop protocol (p = 0.001). This study found that the 10-min, 3-min and drop protocols achieved superior concentrations in NALF compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration for gentamicin-sensitive bacteria, while remaining below the toxic values in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Biénès
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Aurélie Lyssens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Hélène Machiels
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Marie Eve Hercot
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Aline Fastres
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Tutunaru Alexandru-Cosmin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Marine Deville
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic, Industrial and Environmental Toxicology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University Hospital of Liege, 4130 Liege, Belgium; (M.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic, Industrial and Environmental Toxicology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University Hospital of Liege, 4130 Liege, Belgium; (M.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Frédéric Billen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
| | - Cécile Clercx
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, B67 Sart Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (A.L.); (H.M.); (M.E.H.); (T.A.-C.); (F.B.)
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Smith SS, Kim R, Douglas R. Is there a role for antibiotics in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:1504-1512. [PMID: 35217148 PMCID: PMC11185277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rhinosinusitis is one of the most common reasons for adult outpatient antibiotic prescriptions, though there is little clinical evidence to support this practice, especially for chronic rhinosinusitis. Despite considerable research, the etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis, including the pathogenic role of microbes, remains poorly understood. Rigorous studies of the efficacy of antibiotic treatment of chronic sinusitis are surprisingly few in number and the results are somewhat conflicting. This review article will review the rationales for and against the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with antibiotics, based on current evidence and understanding of pathophysiology, and will also summarize the current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Shintani Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
| | - Raymond Kim
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard Douglas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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