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Bitar F, El-Rassi IM, Zareef R, Jassar Y, Abboud J, Bulbul Z, Bitar F, Arabi M. Hybrid stage 1 palliation for HLHS: the experience of a tertiary center in a developing country. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1355989. [PMID: 38516005 PMCID: PMC10955132 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1355989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) accounts for 2.6% of congenital heart disease and is an invariably fatal cardiac anomaly if left untreated. Approximately 33,750 babies are born annually with HLHS in developing countries. Unfortunately, the majority will not survive due to the scarcity of resources and the limited availability of surgical management. Aim To describe and analyze our experience with the hybrid approach in the management of HLHS in a developing country. Methods We performed a retrospective single-center study involving all neonates born with HLHS over five years at the Children's Heart Center at the American University of Beirut. The medical records of patients who underwent the hybrid stage 1 palliation were reviewed, and data related to baseline characteristics, procedure details and outcomes were collected to describe the experience at a tertiary care center in a developing country. Results A total of 18 patients were diagnosed with HLHS over a five-year period at our institution, with male to female ratio of 1:1. Of those, eight patients underwent the hybrid stage I procedure. The mean weight at the time of the procedure was 3.3 ± 0.3 kg with an average age of 6.4 ± 4 days. The mean hospital length of stay was 27.25 days, with an interquartile range of 33 days. The cohort's follow-up duration averaged 5.9 ± 3.5 years. The surgical mortality was zero. Only one mortality was recorded during the interstage period between stage I and II and was attributed to sepsis. Notably, all surviving patients maintained preserved and satisfactory cardiac function with good clinical status. Conclusion Our limited experience underscores the potential of developing countries with proper foundations to adopt the hybrid procedure for HLHS, yielding outcomes on par with those observed in developed countries. This demonstrates the viability of establishing a more balanced global landscape for children with congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Bitar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Issam M. El-Rassi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana Zareef
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehya Jassar
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, AUBMC, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jennifer Abboud
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, AUBMC, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Bulbul
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, AUBMC, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi Bitar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, AUBMC, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mariam Arabi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, AUBMC, Beirut, Lebanon
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Argo MB, Barron DJ, Bondarenko I, Eckhauser A, Gruber PJ, Lambert LM, Paramananthan T, Rahman M, Winlaw DS, Yerebakan C, Alsoufi B, DeCampli WM, Honjo O, Kirklin JK, Prospero C, Ramakrishnan K, St Louis JD, Turek JW, O'Brien JE, Pizarro C, Anagnostopoulos PV, Blackstone EH, Jacobs ML, Jegatheeswaran A, Karamlou T, Stephens EH, Polimenakos AC, Haw MP, McCrindle BW. Hybrid palliation versus nonhybrid management for a multi-institutional cohort of infants with critical left heart obstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 166:1300-1313.e2. [PMID: 37164059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare patient characteristics and overall survival for infants with critical left heart obstruction after hybrid palliation (bilateral pulmonary artery banding with or without ductal stenting) versus nonhybrid management (eg, Norwood, primary transplantation, biventricular repair, or transcatheter/surgical aortic valvotomy). METHODS From 2005 to 2019, 1045 infants in the Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society critical left heart obstruction cohort underwent interventions across 28 institutions. Using a balancing score propensity analysis, 214 infants who underwent hybrid palliation and 831 infants who underwent nonhybrid management were proportionately matched regarding variables significantly associated with mortality and variables noted to significantly differ between groups. Overall survival between the 2 groups was adjusted by applying balancing scores to nonparametric estimates. RESULTS Compared with the nonhybrid management group, infants who underwent hybrid palliation had lower birth weight, smaller gestational age, and higher prevalence of in-utero interventions, noncardiac comorbidities, preoperative mechanical ventilation, absent interatrial communication, and moderate or severe mitral valve stenosis (all P values < .03). Unadjusted 12-year survival after hybrid palliation and nonhybrid management, was 55% versus 69%, respectively. After matching, 12-year survival after hybrid palliation versus nonhybrid management was 58% versus 63%, respectively (P = .37). Among matched infants born weighing <2.5 kg, 2-year survival after hybrid palliation versus nonhybrid management was 37% versus 51%, respectively (P = .22). CONCLUSIONS Infants born with critical left heart obstruction who undergo hybrid palliation have more high-risk characteristics and anatomy versus infants who undergo nonhybrid management. Nonetheless, after adjustment, there was no significant difference in 12-year survival after hybrid palliation versus nonhybrid management. Mortality remains high, and hybrid palliation confers no survival advantage, even for lower-birth-weight infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison B Argo
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wis; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J Barron
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Igor Bondarenko
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Mich
| | - Aaron Eckhauser
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Peter J Gruber
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, New Haven, Conn
| | - Linda M Lambert
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tharini Paramananthan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maha Rahman
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S Winlaw
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Can Yerebakan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Bahaaldin Alsoufi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, Ky
| | - William M DeCampli
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Fla
| | - Osami Honjo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James K Kirklin
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Carol Prospero
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Nemours Children's Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, Del
| | - Karthik Ramakrishnan
- Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, LeBonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tenn
| | - James D St Louis
- Division of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, Ga
| | - Joseph W Turek
- Department of Surgery, Duke Children's Hospital and Health Center, Durham, NC
| | - James E O'Brien
- Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, M
| | - Christian Pizarro
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nemours Children's Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, Del
| | - Petros V Anagnostopoulos
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Wisconsin Health American Family Hospital, Madison, Wis
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Marshall L Jacobs
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Anusha Jegatheeswaran
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tara Karamlou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Anastasios C Polimenakos
- Division of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, Ga
| | - Marcus P Haw
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Brian W McCrindle
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Ramonfaur D, Zhang X, Garza AP, García-Pons JF, Britton-Robles SC. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: A Review. Cardiol Rev 2023; 31:149-154. [PMID: 35349498 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a rare and poorly understood congenital disorder featuring a univentricular myocardium, invariably resulting in early childhood death if left untreated. The process to palliate this congenital cardiomyopathy is of high complexity and may include invasive interventions in the first week of life. The preferred treatment strategy involves a staged correction with 3 surgical procedures at different points in time. The Norwood procedure is usually performed within the first weeks of life and aims to increase systemic circulation and relieve pulmonary vascular pressure. This procedure is followed by the bidirectional Glenn and the Fontan procedures in later life, which offer to decrease stress in the ventricular chamber. The prognosis of children with this disease has greatly improved in the past decades; however, it is still largely driven by multiple modifiable and nonmodifiable variables. Novel and clever alternatives have been proposed to improve the survival and neurodevelopment of these patients, although they are not used as standard of care in all centers. The neurodevelopmental outcomes among these patients have received particular attention in the last decade in light to improve this very limiting associated comorbidity that compromises quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ramonfaur
- From the Division of Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Xiaoya Zhang
- From the Division of Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Abraham P Garza
- Departamento de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, México
| | - José Fernando García-Pons
- División de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Sylvia C Britton-Robles
- Departamento de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, México
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Outcomes of Norwood procedure with hypoplastic left heart syndrome: Our 12-year single-center experience. TURK GOGUS KALP DAMAR CERRAHISI DERGISI 2022; 30:26-35. [PMID: 35444846 PMCID: PMC8990157 DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2022.22397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background
In this study, we aimed to analyze the predictors and risk factors of mortality in patients who underwent Norwood I procedure with the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
Methods
Between January 2009 and December 2020, a total of 139 patients (95 males, 44 females) who underwent Norwood I procedure with the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome in our center were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
The median birth weight was 3,200 (range, 3,000 to 3,350) g and the median age at the time of operation was seven (range, 5 to 10) days. Pulmonary flow was achieved with a Sano shunt in the majority (72%) of patients. Survival rate was 41% after the first stage. Reoperation for bleeding (p=0.017), reoperation for residual lesion (p=0.011), and postoperative peak lactate level (p=0.029), were associated with in-hospital mortality. Nineteen (33%) of 57 patients died before the second stage. Thirty-three (58%) patients underwent second stage, and survival after the second stage was 94%. Thirteen patients underwent third stage, and survival after the third stage was 85%. Estimated probability of survival at six months, and one, two, three, and four years were 33%, 33%, 25%, 25%, and 22% respectively.
Conclusion
Hospital and inter-stage mortality rates are still high and this seems to be the most challenging period in term of survival efforts of the patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Early recognition and reintervention of anatomical residual defects, close follow-up in the inter-stage period, and the accumulation of multidisciplinary experience may help to improve the results to acceptable limits.
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Erek E, Yalçınbaş YK, Sarıosmanoğlu N, Özkan M, Yıldız O, Şenkaya I, Özdemir F, Biçer M, Sarıtaş AB, Atay Y, Seçici S, Kutsal A, Haydin S, Bilen C, Onan IS, Tuncer ON, Citoglu G, Doğan A, Turkoz R, Temur B, Koc M, Sarıoğlu CT. First Harvest of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery Multicenter Database in Turkey: Novel Application of Real-Time Online Reporting. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2021; 12:377-386. [PMID: 33942691 DOI: 10.1177/2150135121995474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A new congenital heart surgery database (CKCV) with real-time online reporting function was recently developed in Turkey. All standard international parameters were used, but Aristotle Comprehensive Complexity score was modified. In this study, the first analysis of the CKCV Database is reported. METHODS The CKCV Database included 2307 procedures from 12 centers between January 2018 and March 2020. All parameters, including 10 real-time online reports, which represent the number of centers, number and mortality rates of all procedures, number of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and results, details of postoperative complications, age-group statistics, analysis for priority status, mean intensive care and hospital stay durations of the procedures, results of Aristotle Basic, Modified Aristotle Comprehensive (MACC) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons-European Association (STAT) Score Categories, comparison of centers were analyzed. RESULTS Most common 10 procedures were ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair (n = 273), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair (n = 243), atrial septal defect (ASD) repair (n = 181), complete AVSD repair (n = 95), cavopulmonary anastomosis (n = 81), systemic to pulmonary shunt (n = 79), modified Fontan (n = 71), subaortic resection, (n = 66) PA banding (n = 66), and arterial switch operation (n = 66). Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 84.6% of the procedures. Overall mortality rate was 6.0%. A total of 618 major and 570 minor complications were observed in 333 and 412 patients, respectively. According to six MACC categories, number of the patients and mortality rates were I (293; 0.3%); II (713; 1.4%); III (601; 3.3%); IV (607; 12%); V (84; 35.7%); and VI (9; 55.6%), respectively. Analysis of five STAT Categories showed 0.7, 3.8, 5.4, 14.9, and 54.7% mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS CKCV Database has a great potential for nationwide quality improvement studies. Users could instantly analyze and compare their results to national and international aggregate data using a real-time online reporting function. This is the first multicenter congenital database study in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Erek
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Children Heart Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Kenan Yalçınbaş
- Children Heart Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey.,Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nejat Sarıosmanoğlu
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Training and Research Hospital, Izmir
| | - Murat Özkan
- Başkent University, Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Yıldız
- Health Sciences University, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Fatih Özdemir
- Health Sciences University, Diyarbakır Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Biçer
- Health Sciences University, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Ali Kutsal
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sertac Haydin
- Health Sciences University, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cagatay Bilen
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Training and Research Hospital, Izmir
| | - Ismihan Selen Onan
- Health Sciences University, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Riza Turkoz
- Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Temur
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Koc
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C Tayyar Sarıoğlu
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Children Heart Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey.,Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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