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Nam H, Kim B, Gautam A, Kim YY, Park ES, Lee JS, Kwon HJ, Seong JK, Suh JG. Elucidating the characteristics of Mx1 and resistance to influenza A virus subtype H1N1 in the newly developed KWM/Hym mice. Lab Anim Res 2022; 38:28. [PMID: 36076303 PMCID: PMC9454180 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-022-00138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inbred mice have several advantages, including genetic similarity to humans, a well-established gene manipulation system, and strong tolerance to inbreeding. However, inbred mice derived from a limited genetic pool have a small genetic diversity. Thus, the development of new inbred strains from wild mice is needed to overcome this limitation. Hence, in this study, we used a new strain of inbred mice called KWM/Hym. We sequenced the Mx1 gene to elucidate the genetic diversities of KWM/Hym mice and observed the biological alterations of the Mx1 protein upon influenza A infection. Results The Mx1 gene in KWM/Hym mice had 2, 4, and 38 nucleotide substitutions compared to those in the Mx1 gene in A2G, CAST/EiJ, and Mus spretus mice, respectively. Moreover, the Mx1 protein in KWM/Hym mice had 2 and 25 amino acid substitutions compared to those in the Mx1 protein in CAST/EiJ and M. spretus mice, respectively. To elucidate the function of the Mx1 protein, we inoculated the influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933) in KWM/Hym mice. Nine days after infection, all infected KWM/Hym mice survived without any weight loss. Four days after infection, the lungs of the infected KWM/Hym mice showed mild alveolitis and loss of bronchiolar epithelium; however, the pulmonary viral titers of the infected KWM/Hym mice were significantly lower than that in the infected BALB/c mice (2.17 × plaque-forming units mL−1). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the KWM/Hym mice are resistant to influenza A virus infection. Further, these mice can be used as a model organism to understand the mechanism of influenza A virus susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajin Nam
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Boyoung Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Avishekh Gautam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Yoo Yeon Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Jong Sun Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea.,Center for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jun Gyo Suh
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea. .,Center for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea.
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