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Zhou C, Hu Y, Zhou Y, Yu H, Li B, Yang W, Zhai X, Wang X, Liu J, Wang J, Liu S, Cai J, Shi J, Zou X. Air and argon cold plasma effects on lipolytic enzymes inactivation, physicochemical properties and volatile profiles of lightly-milled rice. Food Chem 2024; 445:138699. [PMID: 38359566 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of cold-plasma treatment using air and argon as input gas on deactivation of lipolytic enzymes in lightly-milled-rice (LMR). The results showed no significant inactivation in lipase and lipoxygenase using air-plasma. However, using argon as input gas, the residual activities of lipase and lipoxygenase were reduced to 64.51 % and 29.15 % of initial levels, respectively. Argon plasma treatment resulted in more substantial augmentation in peak and breakdown viscosities of LMR starch, suggesting an enhancement in palatability of cooked LMR with increased stickiness and decreased hardness. In contrast to the decrease in volatile compounds in LMR following argon plasma treatment, the concentrations of several prevalent aroma compounds, including 1-hexanol, 1-hexanal, and 2-pentylfuran, exhibited significant increments, reaching 1489.70 ng/g, 3312.10 ng/g, and 58.80 ng/g, respectively. These findings suggest the potential for enhancing various facets of the commercial qualities of LMR by utilizing different input gases during plasma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Zhou
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Jiangsu Kings Luck Brewer Co Ltd, Lianshui 223411, China
| | - Yuqian Hu
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yaojie Zhou
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Haoran Yu
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Bin Li
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wenli Yang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Siyao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jianrong Cai
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Wu Z, Chao J, Tang H, Liu T, Jiang L, Liu Y. Characterization of key aroma-active compounds in different types of Douchi based on molecular sensory science approaches. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101170. [PMID: 38357375 PMCID: PMC10865218 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To attain the differences in the flavor profile of Douchi, the key aroma-active compounds of three types of Douchi were investigated. The "Sauce-like", "Smoky", "Nutty", "Roast", "Caramel", and "Flower" of Douchi were favored by customers. Further, a total of 179 volatile compounds were identified using HS-SPME-GC-MS, and 29 aroma compounds were detected using GC-O-MS. Based on the quantification, 9, 13, and 10 compounds were regarded as aroma-active compounds in Yangjiang Douchi (YJ), Pingjiang Douchi (PJ), and Liuyang Douchi (LY), respectively. Moreover, the mixture of these aroma-active compounds successfully simulated the main aromas of PJ, LY, and YJ. And omission experiments confirmed that guaiacol was the key aroma compound for LY, benzene acetaldehyde, dimethyl trisulfide, and 2-acetyl pyrrole were important for YJ, benzene acetaldehyde and 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine notably contributed to key aroma of PJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jin Chao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Tea Group Corporation Limited, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Guangdong, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512005, China
| | - Tengxia Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Guangdong, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512005, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
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Qu L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Lv H. Oxidative Stability and Pasting Properties of High-Moisture Japonica Brown Rice following Different Storage Temperatures and Its Cooked Brown Rice Flavor. Foods 2024; 13:471. [PMID: 38338606 PMCID: PMC10855601 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The study proposed to investigate the impacts of storage temperatures (15, 20, 25 °C) on the oxidative stability (peroxide value, carbonyl value, malondialdehyde content) and sensory attributes (pasting properties, cooked brown rice flavor) of high-moisture japonica brown rice. According to the findings, the peroxide value, the carbonyl value, and the malondialdehyde content of high-moisture japonica brown rice stored at a temperature of 15 °C exhibited consistently low levels, and the pasting properties were favorable. In addition, 22 out of 51 flavor volatiles were screened as key differential volatile flavor compounds in cooked brown rice via a combination of ANOVA and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Among them, 3-heptylacrolein had an aroma of fat and mushroom, and its contents were higher at 15 °C and 20 °C. These findings could serve as a valuable reference for storing high-moisture japonica brown rice under low temperature conditions as well as for investigating the flavor characteristics of cooked brown rice derived from this variety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (H.L.)
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Aznan A, Gonzalez Viejo C, Pang A, Fuentes S. Review of technology advances to assess rice quality traits and consumer perception. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113105. [PMID: 37689840 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The increase in rice consumption and demand for high-quality rice is impacted by the growth of socioeconomic status in developing countries and consumer awareness of the health benefits of rice consumption. The latter aspects drive the need for rapid, low-cost, and reliable quality assessment methods to produce high-quality rice according to consumer preference. This is important to ensure the sustainability of the rice value chain and, therefore, accelerate the rice industry toward digital agriculture. This review article focuses on the measurements of the physicochemical and sensory quality of rice, including new and emerging technology advances, particularly in the development of low-cost, non-destructive, and rapid digital sensing techniques to assess rice quality traits and consumer perceptions. In addition, the prospects for potential applications of emerging technologies (i.e., sensors, computer vision, machine learning, and artificial intelligence) to assess rice quality and consumer preferences are discussed. The integration of these technologies shows promising potential in the forthcoming to be adopted by the rice industry to assess rice quality traits and consumer preferences at a lower cost, shorter time, and more objectively compared to the traditional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimi Aznan
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Claudia Gonzalez Viejo
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Alexis Pang
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sigfredo Fuentes
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
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5
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Det-Udom R, Settachaimongkon S, Chancharoonpong C, Suphamityotin P, Suriya A, Prakitchaiwattana C. Factors affecting bacterial community dynamics and volatile metabolite profiles of Thai traditional salt fermented fish. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023; 29:266-274. [PMID: 35060788 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221075435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial diversity of the Thai traditional salt fermented fish with roasted rice bran (Pla-ra) was investigated using classical and molecular approaches. Bacterial population of Pla-ra ranged from 102-106 in solid-state (SSF) and 106-109 CFU/g in submerged (SMF) fermentation types. Halanaerobium spp. and Lentibacillus spp. were the main genera particularly detected when rRNA analysis was applied. Tetragenococcus halophillus were dominant during the final stage in sea salt-recipe samples while Bacillus spp. were found in those rock salt recipes. In contrast, cultural plating demonstrated that Bacillus spp., generally B. amyloliquefaciens, were the dominant genera. In addition, B. pumilus, B. autrophaeus, B.subtilis and B. velezensis shown some relations with rock salt-recipe samples. The main volatile metabolites in all samples were butanoic acid and its derivatives. Key factors affected bacterial profiles and volatile compounds of salt fermented fish were type of salt, addition of roasted rice bran, and fermenting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachatida Det-Udom
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, 133942Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sarn Settachaimongkon
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, 133942Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chuenjit Chancharoonpong
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agro-Industry, 54775Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand
| | - Porrarath Suphamityotin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, 65140Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Atchariya Suriya
- Department of Food and Services, 364550Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand
| | - Cheunjit Prakitchaiwattana
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, 133942Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,The Development of Foods and Food Additive from Innovative Microbial Fermentation Research Group, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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6
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Adak T, Mahanty A, Sarkar S, Basak N, Kumar G, Sanghamitra P, Bagchi TB, Chakraborti M. Development and validation of HS-SPME-GCMS/MS method for quantification of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in rice cultivars. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1185-1194. [PMID: 36908367 PMCID: PMC9998778 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The commercial significance of accurate and simple quantification of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) cannot be overstated. Present study was carried out to standardize a method for extraction and accurate quantitation of 2-AP from rice grain using GC-MS/MS equipped with HS-SPME auto sampler. The effect of sample quantity, addition of solvent, grinding process, sample particle size, head space parameters and SPME fiber incubation parameters, were optimized in the developed method. Dehusked rice powder (2 g) prepared under liquid nitrogen, and passed through the 80-mesh sieve, incubated for 40 min at 80 °C in headspace, followed by fiber (DVB/Carbon WR/PDMS) saturation time of 15 min, could produce the maximum response. The recovery of 2-AP from fortified sample ranged between 7.02 and 9.02% at 50-200 ng g-1 fortification irrespective of the grain matrices used. Standard addition method was appropriate to overcome the matrix effect and recovery of 2-AP was more than 90% using this method. The developed method was further utilized for quantification of 2-AP in four Basmati and two non-Basmati aromatic rice samples. The content of 2-AP ranged between 57.17 and 147.10 ng g-1 of rice and varied with geographical location. This fully automated method could improve the work efficiency and reduce error during the volatile extraction and adsorption phase. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05674-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Totan Adak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | - Arabinda Mahanty
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | - Sutapa Sarkar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | - Nabaneeta Basak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
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7
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Formation and release of cooked rice aroma. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Volatile fingerprints and biomarkers of Chinese fragrant and non-fragrant japonica rice before and after cooking obtained by untargeted GC/MS-based metabolomics. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Aznan A, Gonzalez Viejo C, Pang A, Fuentes S. Rapid Assessment of Rice Quality Traits Using Low-Cost Digital Technologies. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091181. [PMID: 35563907 PMCID: PMC9105373 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aroma and other physicochemical parameters are important attributes influencing consumer perception and acceptance of rice. However, current methods using multiple instruments and laboratory analysis make these assessments costly and time-consuming. Therefore, this study aimed to assess rice quality traits of 17 commercial rice types using a low-cost electronic nose and portable near-infrared spectrometer coupled with machine learning (ML). Specifically, artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to classify the type of rice and predict rice quality traits (aromas, color, texture, and pH of cooked rice) as targets. The ML models developed showed that the chemometrics obtained from both sensor technologies successfully classified the rice (Model 1: 98.7%; Model 2: 98.6%) and predicted the peak area of aromas obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy found in raw (Model 3: R = 0.95; Model 6: R = 0.95) and cooked rice (Model 4: R = 0.98; Model 7: R = 0.96). Furthermore, a high R = 0.98 was obtained for Model 5 to estimate the color, texture, and pH of cooked rice. The proposed method is rapid, low-cost, reliable, and may help the rice industry increase high-quality rice production and accelerate the adoption of digital technologies and artificial intelligence to support the rice value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimi Aznan
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group (DAFW), School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (C.G.V.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Claudia Gonzalez Viejo
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group (DAFW), School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (C.G.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexis Pang
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group (DAFW), School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (C.G.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Sigfredo Fuentes
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group (DAFW), School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (C.G.V.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-42-450-4434
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Identification and Functional Analysis of Glutathione S-Transferases from Sitophilus zeamais in Olfactory Organ. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13030259. [PMID: 35323557 PMCID: PMC8950995 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sitophilus zeamais is a worldwide pest that destroys many grain products, causing a loss of cereal quality and quantity resulting from its metabolites and behavior. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), as a group of odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs), play an important role in degrading xenobiotic odorant molecules in insect olfactory sensing systems. However, there have been few reports about the function of the GST genes of S. zeamais in the odorant-degrading process. In this study, we characterized 13 full-length genes encoding GST sequences from S. zeamais and analyzed the expression pattern in different tissues of SzeaGSTd1. In addition, we investigated the ability of recombinant SzeaGSTd1 to degrade the volatile molecules of the host, and the data indicated that the content of capryl alcohol significantly decreased in the system. In summary, we believe SzeaGSTd1 plays a key role in the olfactory sensing system of S. zeamais. Abstract Odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs) play an important role in rapidly degrading and inactivating odorant molecules that have completed information transmission, as well as in maintaining the stability and sensitivity of insect olfactory sensing systems. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), as a group of ODEs, supposedly bear the ability to catalyze the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) and xenobiotic odorant molecules in the degrading process. However, there are few reports regarding the role of the GST genes of Sitophilus zeamais in the degrading process. Thus, we characterized 13 full-length genes encoding GST sequences from S. zeamais, of which only SzeaGSTd1 contained a high abundance in the antennae. Ligand-binding assays implied that SzeaGSTd1 was able to catalyze the conjugation of GSH with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (CDNB). We investigated whether recombinant SzeaGSTd1 bears the ability to degrade the volatile molecules of the host; among the host volatiles, and found capryl alcohol to be a suitable substrate for SzeaGSTd1. These results strongly suggest that SzeaGSTd1 probably plays a role in auxiliary host location by degrading the host volatiles of capryl alcohol and exhibits a potential biological function in the olfactory sensing system of S. zeamais. Knowledge of the potential functions of SzeaGSTd1 will provide new ideas for biological control strategies for S. zeamais.
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11
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Veerabhadraswamy M, Sindhumole P, Mathew D, Shylaja MR, Joseph J, Augustine R, James D. Molecular analysis of aroma gene (BADH2) in Biriyanicheera: a tropical aromatic rice genotype from Kerala, India. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3149-3155. [PMID: 35084629 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aromatic rice cultivars sometimes show variation in aroma when they are grown in regions other than their normal traditional growing regions. An early maturing selection from a Kerala aromatic local landrace with short grains, named 'Biriyanicheera', when grown in normal tropical conditions was sufficiently fragrant. The present study focused on the analysis of aroma in 'Biriyanicheera' rice genotype through molecular methods. METHODS AND RESULTS The seeds of two aromatic rice varieties viz., Biriyanicheera and Gandhakasala (aromatic check) along with one non-aromatic rice variety Triveni (control) were used for the study. The BADH2 gene was amplified in all the three rice varieties. Upon sequencing the amplified PCR products of genomic DNA, the mutation in BADH2 gene was detected. The sequencing results of aromatic rice varieties revealed the presence of 8 base pair mutation in exon 7 in Biriyanicheera and Gandhakasaala, whereas this mutation was absent in the non-aromatic variety Triveni. CONCLUSIONS Aroma production in Biriyanicheera variety is observed to be due to the similar mutation in BADH2 gene as that of the popular scented rice Basmati.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Veerabhadraswamy
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (CPBMB), College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India
| | - P Sindhumole
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India.
| | - Deepu Mathew
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (CPBMB), College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India
| | - M R Shylaja
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (CPBMB), College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India
| | - Jiji Joseph
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India
| | - Rehna Augustine
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (CPBMB), College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India
| | - Donald James
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (CPBMB), College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India
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12
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Sansenya S, Wechakorn K. Effect of rainfall and altitude on the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and volatile compounds profile of black glutinous rice (Thai upland rice). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5784-5791. [PMID: 33792035 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aroma intensity of rice is mixed of more than 100 volatile compounds. Fragrant rice is famous in Thailand due to specific aroma. One important volatile compound that contributes to aromatic intensity and represents a characteristic compound for fragrant rice is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP). The production of volatile compounds and 2AP in rice is affected by various environmental factors, such as cultivation area, water content and temperature. RESULTS Our research employed 29 samples of fragrant colored rice (Luempua black glutinous rice cultivar) from Phetchabun province, Thailand from three harvested rice seasons (2015-2017). The cultivation areas of rice samples exhibited differences in rainfall (976.6-1260.5 mm y r-1 ) and altitude (26.26-1033.41 m). All volatile compounds and 2AP were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In 29 rice samples, 2AP levels decreased with increasing of rainfall. The increase in altitude seems to increase 2AP levels, but some high-altitude cultivation areas resulted in low 2AP content. A variety of volatile compounds was observed in 29 rice samples from different cultivation areas. The results showed that differences in altitude and rainfall affected the production of volatile compounds in fragrant colored rice. Moreover, our results indicated that different environmental conditions in cultivation areas potentially affect volatile compound production during rice growth. CONCLUSION The increase in 2AP levels under low rainfall conditions and the assortment of volatile compound varieties produced in colored rice grown in different cultivation areas may be useful information for rice cultivation management striving to produce rice with high aromatic intensities. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sompong Sansenya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand
| | - Kanokorn Wechakorn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand
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Profiling of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline and Other Volatile Compounds in Raw and Cooked Rice of Traditional and Improved Varieties of India. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081917. [PMID: 34441694 PMCID: PMC8392510 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, optimized headspace solid phase microextraction with gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS) was used to estimate the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) in raw and cooked rice samples of ten different traditional and improved varieties. Furthermore, HS-SPME-GC-MS-based volatile profiling was subjected to untargeted analyses to identify major odorants in raw and cooked rice samples, and to understand chemical proximities among volatile profiles. Results showed that 2-AP content was remarkably increased in cooked rice compared to raw. Among the varieties studied, Pusa-1652 (Improved Kala Namak) and Kala Namak-2 were superior in the 2-AP content than Basmati varieties. Additionally, Govind Bhog, Kala Jeera and Jeera-32 had 2-AP content equivalent to or superior to Basmati rice varieties. Altogether, 18 and 22 volatiles were identified in the raw and cooked rice samples studied, respectively. Of these, ethyl butyrate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, 2-undecanone, ethyl benzoate, ethyl benzeneacetate, 2-methylnaphthalene, and 1-methylnaphthalene were characteristically detected in the cooked rice. The high amount of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol was uniquely found in raw rice samples, which can be a marker compound for freshly milled rice. Along with 2-AP, butanoic acid and benzoic acid derivatives, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate, and indole may be responsible for the overall perceived characteristic Basmati-like aroma in cooked rice.
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Sansenya S, Payaka A, Wannasut W, Hua Y, Chumanee S. Biological activity of rice extract and the inhibition potential of rice extract, rice volatile compounds and their combination against α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase and tyrosinase. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sompong Sansenya
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani12110Thailand
| | - Apirak Payaka
- School of Science Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160Thailand
- Research Group in Applied, Computational and Theoretical Science (ACTS) Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160Thailand
| | - Wachirawit Wannasut
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani12110Thailand
| | - Yanling Hua
- The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand
| | - Saowapa Chumanee
- Division of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Phetchabun Rajabhat University Mueang, Phetchabun67000Thailand
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Identification and quantitative determination of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline using GC-TOF MS combined with HS and HS-SPME pretreatment. J Cereal Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.102975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sansenya S, Nanok K. α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase inhibitory potential and antioxidant activity of fragrant black rice (Thai coloured rice). FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sompong Sansenya
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Kesinee Nanok
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani Thailand
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Verma DK, Srivastav PP. A paradigm of volatile aroma compounds in rice and their product with extraction and identification methods: A comprehensive review. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108924. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Hu X, Lu L, Guo Z, Zhu Z. Volatile compounds, affecting factors and evaluation methods for rice aroma: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tisarum R, Theerawitaya C, Samphumphuang T, Polispitak K, Thongpoem P, Singh HP, Cha-um S. Alleviation of Salt Stress in Upland Rice ( Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica cv. Leum Pua) Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:348. [PMID: 32273880 PMCID: PMC7113393 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbionts not only promote the growth of host plant but also alleviate abiotic stresses. This study aimed to investigate the putative role of AMF in salt stress regulation of upland pigmented rice cv. Leum Pua (LP) comparing with Pokkali salt tolerant (positive check). In general, LP is a variety of glutinous rice that contains anthocyanin pigment in the black pericarp, due to which it possesses high antioxidant activities compared to non-pigmented rice. Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of inoculated AMF, Glomus etunicatum (GE), Glomus geosporum (GG), and Glomus mosseae (GM) strains, in the LP plantlets subjected to 0 (control) or 150 mM NaCl (salt stress) for 2 weeks in comparison with Pokkali (a salt tolerant rice cultivar), which was maintained as a positive check. Root colonization percentage under NaCl conditions ranged from 23 to 30%. Na+ content in the flag leaf tissues was increased to 18-35 mg g-1 DW after exposure to 150 mM NaCl for 14 days in both inoculated and un-inoculated LP plants, whereas Na:K ratio was very low in cv. Pokkali. Interestingly, sucrose content in the flag leaf tissues of un-inoculated LP plants under salt stress was increased significantly by 50 folds over the control as an indicator of salt stress response, whereas it was unchanged in all AMF treatments. Fructose and free proline in GE inoculated plants under salt stress were accumulated over control by 5.75 and 13.59 folds, respectively, for osmotic adjustment of the cell, thereby maintaining the structure and functions of chlorophyll pigments, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, and stomatal function. Shoot height, flag leaf length, number of panicles, panicle length, panicle weight, and 100-grain weight in GE inoculated plants of cv. LP under salt stress were maintained similar to cv. Pokkali. Interestingly, cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) and peonidin-3-glucoside (P3G) in the pericarp of cv. LP were regulated by GE inoculation under salt stress conditions. In summary, AMF-inoculation in rice crop is a successful alternative approach to reduce salt toxicity, maintain the yield attributes, and regulate anthocyanins enrichment in the pericarp of grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Tisarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Cattarin Theerawitaya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Thapanee Samphumphuang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Kanyamin Polispitak
- Devision of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Khlong Hok, Thailand
| | - Panarat Thongpoem
- Devision of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Khlong Hok, Thailand
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Faculty of Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Suriyan Cha-um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Suriyan Cha-um,
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Zhang Y, Shen C, Xia D, Wang J, Tang Q. Characterization of the Expression and Functions of Two Odorant-Binding Proteins of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10110409. [PMID: 31731819 PMCID: PMC6920827 DOI: 10.3390/insects10110409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are important in insect chemical communication. The objective of this research was to identify the functions of two OBPs in Sitophilus zeamais. qRT-PCR and western blot (WB) were performed to investigate the expression profiles at the transcript and protein levels, respectively. Fluorescence competitive binding assays were used to measure the ability of the OBPs to bind to host volatiles, and a Y-tube olfactometer was used to verify the results (attraction/no response) via behavioral experiments. The RNAi was used to verify the function by knocking down the ability of proteins to bind odorants. qRT-PCR showed the highest expression SzeaOBP1 and SzeaOBP28 at the low-instar larva (LL) and eclosion adult (EA) stages, respectively. WB showed that both SzeaOBP1 and SzeaOBP28 were highly expressed in the EA stage. Fluorescence competitive binding assays indicated that SzeaOBP1 exhibited extremely high binding affinity with cetanol. SzeaOBP28 exhibited a pronounced binding affinity for 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. The behavioral experiment showed that the adult S. zeamais responded strongly to 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde and valeraldehyde from Sorghum bicolor. The RNAi knockdown individuals displayed behavioral differences between normal insects and dsRNA (SzeaOBP1)-treated insects. We infer that they both have functions in perception and recognition of host volatiles, whereas SzeaOBP28 may also have other functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; (Y.Z.); (C.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Chen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; (Y.Z.); (C.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Daosong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; (Y.Z.); (C.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Qingfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; (Y.Z.); (C.S.); (D.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-551-65786321
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Sansenya S, Hua Y, Chumanee S, Sricheewin C. The Combination Effect of Gamma Irradiation and Salt Concentration on 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Content, Proline Content and Growth of Thai Fragrant Rice (KDML 105). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13005/ojc/350304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
KDML 105 is the famous fragrant rice of Thailand. 2AP acts as the characteristic compounds in fragrant-rice cultivars. 2AP accumulation has been reported in relationship with proline content and the growth rate of rice. Several factors have been reported to affect the poline and 2AP contents. We determined the combinatorial effect of gamma irradiation and salt concentration on the 2AP and proline contents of 5 day-old KDML 105 rice-seedling. In the growth condition under 20 mM of NaCl concentration the proline content of gamma irradiated rice increased, compared to the gamma-irradiated rice treated without 20 mM of NaCl concentration. While, the shoot-length of 5 day-old gamma irradiated rice-seedlings under 20mM NaCl concentration cannot be observed when compared to gamma irradiated rice-seedling without salt concentration. The 2AP content of gamma irradiated rice-seedlings under 20 mM of NaCl concentration had approximately 2.6 to 3.1 times higher than in the growth condition without salt concentration of gamma irradiated rice-seedlings. Our results indicate that the combination of gamma irradiation technique and salt concentration can be used for improving the 2AP content in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sompong Sansenya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
| | - Yanling Hua
- The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Saowapa Chumanee
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Phetchabun Rajabhat University, Mueang, Phetchabun 67000, Thailand
| | - Chanun Sricheewin
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Phetchabun Rajabhat University, Mueang, Phetchabun 67000, Thailand
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Lee Y, Oh Y, Kim T, Cho Y. Quantitation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in aseptic-packaged cooked fragrant rice by HS-SPME/GC-MS. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:266-272. [PMID: 30680180 PMCID: PMC6341145 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aseptic-packaged cooked rice (APCR) is a rice-based food product with a rapidly increasing market size, and APCR made of fragrant rice (FR) has recently appeared on the market. The fragrance of FR is produced by a combination of odoriferous compounds, among which 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) has been identified as the most important contributor to overall aroma. This study describes the development of a method to quantify 2AP in FR-based APCR using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The recovery of 2AP spiked into APCR was lower than 10%, which suggests significant matrix effects and inappropriateness of external standard-based calibration. For standard addition calibration method, up to 1,000 ng of 2AP were spiked into APCR containing 0% to 100% FR. Subsequent regression analyses of recovered peak area (Y) as a function of the amount of 2AP spiked (X) yielded highly linear calibration curves (R 2 > 0.9917) with consistent slopes (RSD = 2.7%), regardless of FR composition. Y-intercepts, however, which represent the amount of 2AP in APCR without spiking, increased linearly (R 2 = 0.9898) in proportion to the composition of FR in the APCR. The amount of 2AP in APCR, determined by extrapolating the standard addition calibration curves, also increased linearly (R 2 = 0.9963) as a function of FR composition. Practicality of developed method was tested by monitoring 2AP contents in APCR under realistic storage conditions, which successfully demonstrated 38% and 60% 2AP reductions in APCR of 20% FR after 1 and 2 months of storage at 25°C, respectively. The present study demonstrates that a standard addition method, whereby up to 1,000 ng of 2AP standard is spiked into 4 g of APCR containing 5%-100% FR in a 20-mL headspace vial followed by SPME/GC-MS, may serve as an effective means of quantitating 2AP in fragrant rice-based APCR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yejin Oh
- CJ Jeiljedang CorporationSeoulKorea
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