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Ricken AM, Hamed MA, Akhigbe RE. Histopathological evaluation of infertility: Lessons from laboratory rodents. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:671-690. [PMID: 38088133 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Infertility is a growing challenge globally with emerging risk factors. There are effective laboratory tests to evaluate infertility in humans, nevertheless, some measures, especially histopathological evaluations, are invasive due to the pain inflicted when accessing the reproductive organs and obtaining samples; hence, their relevance may be limited in humans. However, these histopathological evaluations provide essential information on the etiopathogenesis of infertility and the likely mechanisms of action of potential therapeutic candidates. Also, non-invasive methods are available, such as the assay of testosterone in the blood and semen analysis, both of which are predictors of testicular functions. This review provides detailed information on the available histopathological investigations of infertility, such as qualitative and quantitative histopathological assessments of gonadal tissues, specific cell counts, and sperm morphology characterization, with a focus on the procedures, interpretation, and pathophysiological basis. Data from the literature revealed that histopathological examinations of the reproductive organs, as well as spermatozoa, are useful in understanding the pathogenesis of incident infertility. Histopathological evaluation may range from basic hematoxylin and eosin stains to some special stains. Also, histopathological findings (such as spermatogenic cells and planimetric variables, like seminiferous tubule diameter and theca cell and corpus luteum thickness) may be quantified and analyzed for comparison. Some skill is required for these investigations, which may be a limiting factor; however, they are important tools in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Markus Ricken
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Moses Agbomhere Hamed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Kavousipour S, Koohnavard F, Shahbazi B, Eftekhar E, Ahmadi K. The significant improvement in ovarian PCOS syndrome using hydralazine and alendronate aromatase inhibitor FDA-approved drugs in Wistar rat models. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116504. [PMID: 38552442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of vitamin C, glutamine, mesalazine, hydralazine, and alendronate as new drug candidates for the treatment of letrozole-induced PCOS in female Wistar rats. PCOS was induced in rats by intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate (2 mg/kg body weight for 28 days). The rats then received normal saline (PCOS group), letrozole (0.5 mg/kg), vitamin C (100 mg/kg), glutamine (1000 mg/kg), mesalazine (200 mg/kg), hydralazine (30 mg/kg), and alendronate (17.5 mg/kg). Serum testosterone, LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone levels were determined by ELISA method. H&E staining was used for histological analysis in the ovarian tissues. The groups treated with hydralazine and alendronate, show a significant decrease in testosterone, LH hormone, cystic and atretic follicles, and a significant increase in the number of single layer, multilayer, antral, graafian follicles and the volume of corpus luteum as compared to the PCOS group. Hydrolazine and alendronate appear to be effective in restoring folliculogenesis and increasing ovulation in PCOS rat. So that the natural process of ovulation and the improvement of the histology of polycystic ovaries and its shift towards healthy and active ovaries were observed. This finding supports the potential beneficial effect of hydrolazine and alendronate on improving PCOS complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Kavousipour
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Koohnavard
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behzad Shahbazi
- School of Pharmacy, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Ahmadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Bukke SPN, Pathange BBR, Karumanchi SK, Marri J, Boyina R, Rachamsetty K, Manchikalapati B, Odoma S, Hussaini B. Agaricus Subrufescens ameliorates ovarian dysfunction and regulates altered biochemical parameters in rats with Letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:221. [PMID: 37993900 PMCID: PMC10664634 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of an ethanolic extract derived from Agaricus subrufescens on rat models exhibiting Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) induced by Letrozole. METHODS A total of thirty female Wistar rats were divided into five groups, each consisting of six rats. The negative control group was administered a volume of 1 mL of a 0.5% solution of carboxy methylcellulose (CMC). Letrozole (1 mg/kg) was administered to additional groups for a duration of 21 days in order to induce polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Animals designated as positive controls were euthanized on the 22nd day. Both the test group and the standard group were subjected to treatment from the 22nd day to the 36th day. The experimental group was administered ethanolic extract of Agaricus subrufescens at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg p.o, while the control group received clomiphene citrate at a dose of 1 mg/kg. The study observed various physiological markers in individuals with polycystic ovarian disease, including estimated blood glucose levels, total cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, and hormonal fluctuations such as increased testosterone and estrogen levels, as well as decreased progesterone levels. The presence of menstrual irregularities was confirmed through the examination of vaginal smears and histopathological changes in the ovaries. RESULTS The consumption of Agaricus subrufescens was found to have a significant impact on various physiological parameters, including blood glucose levels, testosterone levels, anovulation, and menstrual irregularity. All therapeutic interventions significantly normalized the levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). The rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that were induced by Letrozole exhibited increased levels of urea and creatinine. The findings of this study indicate that the administration of Agaricus subrufescens therapy has a protective effect on renal function, as evidenced by a reduction in serum levels of urea and creatinine. In rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induced by Letrozole, the inhibition of hepatic synthesis, promotion of ovarian follicle immaturity, and elevation of androgen secretions result in an increase in the weight of the liver and ovaries. The weight of endocrine organs exhibited a decrease across all treatment groups. The histopathological examination of PCOS specimens revealed an increased presence of cysts and theca lutein cells. The group of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that did not receive treatment exhibited a higher number of cysts compared to the groups that received treatment. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the administration of Letrozole orally resulted in the development of polycystic ovarian disease. The results indicated heightened levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as alterations in hormone levels such as increased testosterone and estrogen, and decreased progesterone. These hormonal changes were accompanied by menstrual irregularities, which were confirmed through the examination of vaginal smears and histopathological analysis of the ovaries in the control group with polycystic ovarian disease. The treatment groups that received Agaricus subrufescens exhibited a decrease in blood glucose, total cholesterol, and testosterone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.
| | | | - Srikanth Kumar Karumanchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research for Girls, Swami Chincholi-413130, Pune District, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jalaiah Marri
- Department of Pharmacology, QIS College of Pharmacy, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Revathi Boyina
- Department of Pharmacology, QIS College of Pharmacy, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kavya Rachamsetty
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, QIS College of Pharmacy, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Saidi Odoma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Bello Hussaini
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
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Arık GN, Kaplanoğlu GT, Sağlam ASY, Elmazoğlu Z, Dinçel AS, Seymen CM. Melatonin effective to reduce the microscopic symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome-related infertility: An experimental study. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102015. [PMID: 36657254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder seen in women of reproductive age and has been gradually increasing over the years. The mechanism of the syndrome has still not been clearly understood. In this study, the possible effects of exogenously administrated melatonin on melatonin (MT1) receptor, Growth Differentiation Factor-9 (GDF9), and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-15 (BMP15) in experimental PCOS were investigated. Thirty-two 6-8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 in each) as Sham control (Group 1), Melatonin (Group 2), PCOS (Group 3), and PCOS + Melatonin (Group 4) groups. At the end of the 21st day, the experiment was terminated, the ovary tissues were taken, and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, MT1, GDF9, BMP15 immunohistochemical labeling, western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were performed. Serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH)/Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) levels and colpo-cytological examinations were also carried out. The results revealed that melatonin administration increased the expression levels of the MT1 receptor, GDF9, and BMP15 in PCOS at protein and mRNA levels. It was determined that melatonin administration reduced the microscopic symptoms of PCOS. Melatonin was found to be effective via the MT1 receptor in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and it suppressed the transport pathways of GDF9 to granulosa cells in antral follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe Nur Arık
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Take Kaplanoğlu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atiye Seda Yar Sağlam
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Elmazoğlu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Sepici Dinçel
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cemile Merve Seymen
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey.
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Effect of Formaldehyde and Curcumin on Histomorphological Indices, Gene Expression Associated with Ovarian Follicular Development, and Total Antioxidant to Oxidant Levels in Wistar Rats. Int J Biomater 2023; 2023:4662440. [PMID: 36776151 PMCID: PMC9908331 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4662440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effect of formaldehyde (FA) and curcumin (CUR) on histomorphological features, antioxidant potential, and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of genes related to follicular development in FA-exposed rats. 24 Wistar female rats were divided into four study groups and given intraperitoneal injections of FA (10 mg/kg) (N = 6), FA (10 mg/kg) + CUR (100 mg/kg) (N = 6), sham (N = 6), and control (N = 6) for 14 days. Ovarian follicular histology, the related gene expression, blood factors, and anti/oxidation potentials were assessed using ovarian tissue and serum, respectively. The klotho was significantly overexpressed in the FA group compared with controls and shams. Contradictory, the factor in germ line alpha was significantly down-regulated in FA and FA + CUR groups compared to shams and controls. A significant decline was seen in the number of ovarian follicles in the FA group, independent of the developmental stage. Regarding the comparison of the FA + CUR group to other groups, a significant change was seen in the number of secondary, graafian, and atretic follicles. The FA group demonstrated significantly lower hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration than controls. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased significantly in the FA group than in the controls. Despite the deleterious effects of FA on histological and molecular aspects of rat ovarian follicles, CUR does not appear to have a protective effect against the hazardous effects of this chemical. However, CUR in some cases has positive effects such as reducing follicular destruction and interstitial edema.
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Alaee S, Mirani M, Derakhshan Z, Koohpeyma F, Bakhtari A. Thymoquinone improves folliculogenesis, sexual hormones, gene expression of apoptotic markers and antioxidant enzymes in polycystic ovary syndrome rat model. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:290-300. [PMID: 36104839 PMCID: PMC9857009 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent cause of infertility affecting women of reproductive age around the world. Thymoquinone is a natural antioxidant, derived from Nigella sativa. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of thymoquinone on the detrimental effects of PCOS rats induced with letrozole. METHODS Thirty-two female rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) Control, (2) PCOS, (3) PCOS+5 mg/kg thymoquinone and (4) PCOS+10 mg/kg thymoquinone. Thymoquinone was administered every 3 days for 30 days. Ovaries were histopathologically and stereologically examined, and antioxidant and apoptotic enzymes gene expression in ovaries and sex hormones in serum were measured. RESULTS The number of unilaminar, multilaminar, antral, and graffian follicles, volume density of corpus luteum (p < 0.01), and GPx1 gene expression in ovaries and level of FSH in the blood increased in both thymoquinone groups when compared to untreated PCOS (p < 0.05). Ovaries in thymoquinone groups showed a significant reduction in the number of atretic follicles, ovary weight and volume, volume density of cortex and ovarian cysts, Bax gene expression (p < 0.01) and Bax/Bcl2 ratio as well as levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/FSH ratio and testosterone (p < 0.05) in the blood of female rats when compared to PCOS group. Administration of thymoquinone restored the most detrimental effects of PCOS on ovaries (p < 0.01) and sexual hormones (p < 0.05) in rats. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that thymoquinone has improved effects on ovarian function in the PCOS rat model. Therefore, thymoquinone might be useful as a protective agent and adjunct treatment in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Alaee
- Department of Reproductive BiologySchool of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Stem Cells Technology Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Mirani
- Department of Reproductive BiologySchool of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Department of Reproductive BiologySchool of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Farhad Koohpeyma
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Azizollah Bakhtari
- Department of Reproductive BiologySchool of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Lohrasbi P, Karbalay-Doust S, Mohammad Bagher Tabei S, Azarpira N, Alaee S, Rafiee B, Bahmanpour S. The effects of melatonin and metformin on histological characteristics of the ovary and uterus in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome mice: A stereological study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2022; 20:973-988. [PMID: 36618831 PMCID: PMC9806248 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v20i11.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with anovulation, hyperandrogenism, ovarian and uterine histological changes, menstrual irregularities, etc. signs is an infertility type. It seems that melatonin and metformin can improve these abnormalities. Objective To evaluate the effects of melatonin and metformin on the ovary and uterus in PCOS-induced mice using stereological methods. Materials and Methods Seventy-two adult female BALB/c mice (8-wk-old, 20-30 gr) were randomly divided into control (distilled water, gavage), PCOS (90 µg/kg letrozole, gavage), PCOS+metformin (500 mg/kg, gavage), PCOS+melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection), and PCOS+melatonin control (0.5% ethanol saline) groups (n = 12/each). Another PCOS group was kept for a month to ensure that PCOS features remained. Finally, a stereological evaluation of the uterus and ovary was carried out, and vaginal cytology and serum testosterone levels were assessed. Results PCOS mice treated with metformin and melatonin had lower testosterone levels, body weight, and more regular estrus cycles than the PCOS group (p ≤ 0.001). A significant decrease in conglomerate and daughter gland numbers, and primary, secondary, atretic, and cystic follicles numbers with a significant increase in primordial and Graafian follicles, and corpus luteum numbers (p ≤ 0.001) was seen in these treated mice. Also, endometrial vessels' volume and length significantly increased, but ovarian, endometrial, myometrial, stromal, and glands volume, and endometrial and myometrial thickness dramatically declined (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion It appears that metformin and melatonin could restore the PCOS phenotype including estrus cycle irregularity, high testosterone level, and ovarian and uterine micromorphology to the control levels. However, the 2 treatments had similar effects on the examined parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Lohrasbi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saied Karbalay-Doust
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.,Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Alaee
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahare Rafiee
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soghra Bahmanpour
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Investigating the Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Licorice Root to Prevent Ovariectomy-Mediated Complications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7879432. [PMID: 35993043 PMCID: PMC9385369 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7879432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. The importance of women’s health and the quality of life after menopause is a critical issue. To prevent disability and menopause complications as well as avoid the side effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), in this study, licorice hydroalcoholic extract (Glycyrrhiza uralensis roots) was evaluated as a natural remedy. Methods. Seventy-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control group, Sham-operated group, Glycyrrhiza (Gly) 30% group, and ovariectomized group as well as two ovariectomized groups treated with Gly 10% and Gly 30%. Normal saline and different treatments were administered orally for 8 weeks. At the end of the study, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, estrogen, and progesterone levels in the ovariectomized rats were determined. Moreover, the stereological and histopathological changes in uterine tissue in all groups were determined. Phytochemical analyses were also performed to determine the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of the extract. Result. The hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root exhibited considerable effect to improve calcium, estrogen, and progesterone levels in the ovariectomized rats. Also, hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root successfully decreases the amount of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level. The stereological and histopathological findings confirmed the therapeutic potential of this extract. The considerable effects of hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root could be due to high amounts of phytoestrogens with similar estrogen-like structures. Considerable total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were also seen in licorice root extract. Conclusion. Hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root due to containing high amounts of phytoestrogens with similar chemical structures to estradiol notably improves biochemical parameters as well as stereological and histopathological markers of uterine tissues in ovariectomy rats, so it could be a potential agent for prevention and/or treatment as hormone replacement therapy in healthy middle-aged and/or older women.
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Rafiee B, Karbalay-doust S, Tabei SMB, Azarpira N, Alaee S, Lohrasbi P, Bahmanpour S. Effects of N-acetylcysteine and metformin treatment on the stereopathological characteristics of uterus and ovary. Eur J Transl Myol 2022; 32. [PMID: 35535444 PMCID: PMC9295164 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2022.10409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the stereo-pathological effect of metformin and N-acetyl cysteine is evaluated on the uterus and ovary of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice. 96 mature females (8-weekold, weight of 20–30 gr) BALB/c mice were classified into 6 groups including the control group (n= 16), letrozole-induced PCOS group (n=16), PCOS + metformin (n=16), PCOS+NAC (n=16) and a separate control group for NAC (n=16). Another PCOS group was maintained for a month to make sure that features remain till the end of the study. Testosterone level, vaginal cytology and stereological evaluations were assessed. Vaginal cytology in letrozole-receiving mice showed a diestrus phase continuity. Testosterone level, body weight, uterine weight, endometrial volume, myometrial volume, gland volume, stromal volume, epithelial volume, vessel volume, daughter and conglomerate glands, endometrial thickness, and myometrial thickness exhibited an increasing trend in the uterus of PCOS mice. While normal gland and vessel length decreased in the PCOS group. Ovarian volume, corticomedullary volume, primary follicles, secondary follicles, and ovarian cysts were increased in PCOS ovaries. While corpus luteum, primordial, graafian, and atretic follicles showed a decline in the PCOS group. NAC and metformin, however, managed to restore the condition to normal. Given the prevalence of PCOS and its impact on fertility, the use of noninvasive methods is of crucial significance. NAC can control and treat pathological parameters and help as a harmless drug in the treatment of women with PCOS.
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Adelakun SA, Ojewale AO, Jeje SO, Adedotun OA. Histomorphometric and biochemical activities of bioactive component of Cyperus esculentus tubers extract on letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome and cholesterol homeostasis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/23978473221109475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disorder, causes irregular menstrual cycles, dyslipidemia, excessive body weight, oxidative stress, hyperandrogenism, and infertility. This study focused on the impact of Cyperus esculentus (CES) on letrozole-induced PCOS in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty (20) normal rats and twenty (20) PCOS rats (150–200 g, 8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups of ten ( n = 10) rats each. Group A served as normal control group received 2 mL of normal saline, group B treated with 500 mg/kg body weight of CES , group C PCOS control group received 2 mL of normal saline, and group D PCOS rats post-treated with 500 mg/kg body weight of CES daily through gastric gavage for 30 days. Estrus cyclicity, body and ovaries weights, biochemical and histological parameters were measured. Observed irregular estrus cyclicity and multiple cysts in PCOS rats, increase glycemia, ovarian weight, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, malondialdehyde, luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and decrease high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, estradiol, progesterone, catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase levels, compared with control. The intervention of CES ameliorated and restored the estrus cyclicity reproductive hormone, biochemical, and structural alterations. Moreover, CES significantly decreased cystic follicles, LH, and testosterone levels, but increased estradiol concentration. This plant may be beneficial in the management and treatment of PCOS-related reproductive and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday A Adelakun
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abdulfatai O Ojewale
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sikirullai O Jeje
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi A Adedotun
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Seymen CM, Yar Sağlam AS, Elmazoğlu Z, Arık GN, Take Kaplanoğlu G. Involvement of endometrial IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2 pathways in experimental polycystic ovary syndrome: Identification of the regulatory effect of melatonin. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101585. [PMID: 34375824 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of endometrial IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2 pathways and the potential regulatory effects of exogenously administrated melatonin on this expression is investigated in the experimental PCOS model in the present study. Thirty-two 6-8 week old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the Sham Control Group (1% CMC/day by oral gavage [o.g.]); the Melatonin Group (2 mg/kg/day melatonin by subcutaneous administration [s.c.]); the Experimental PCOS Group (1 mg/kg/day Letrozole by o.g.); and the Experimental PCOS + Melatonin Group (1 mg/kg/day Letrozole by o.g. and 2 mg/kg/day melatonin by s.c. administration). Vaginal smear samples were taken from the 14th day to the end of the experiment for colpocytological measurements. At the end of the 21 day experimental period, uterine tissues were taken; Hematoxylin-Eosin histochemical, IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2, PCNA immuno-histochemical stainings and western blot analyses were performed for related antibodies. All of the data was supported statistically. The epithelium of endometrium lost its single-layer structure in some parts, separation was observed between the epithelium and the basal membrane junction, intracellular edema was found in the uterine glands by the polycystic ovary-induction. Also this induction increased the expression of IGF-1R/IGF-1, Bcl-2, and PCNA proteins. Morphological degenerations returned to its normal appearance generally by the melatonin administrations and melatonin also regulated the increased expression of endometrial IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2 and PCNA pathways. It is concluded that additional studies are needed, using melatonin as a supporting agent may be appropriate in cases of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Merve Seymen
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atiye Seda Yar Sağlam
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Elmazoğlu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökçe Nur Arık
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Take Kaplanoğlu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Tanideh R, Delavari S, Farshad O, Irajie C, Javad Yavari Barhaghtalab M, Koohpeyma F, Koohi-Hosseinabadi O, Jamshidzadeh A, Tanideh N, Iraji A. Effect of flaxseed oil on biochemical parameters, hormonal indexes and stereological changes in ovariectomized rats. Vet Med Sci 2020; 7:521-533. [PMID: 33103380 PMCID: PMC8025639 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovariectomized rat is a widely used preclinical model for studying postmenopausal and its complications. In this study, the therapeutic effect of flaxseed oil on the ovariectomized adult rats was investigated. Our results showed that biochemical parameters including calcium, oestrogen and progesterone levels increase 8 weeks after ovariectomy in rats. Also, the amount of alkaline phosphatase decreased significantly after 8 weeks compared with the OVX rat. The healing potential of flaxseed oil was proven by successfully recovering the affected tissue and preventing the unpleasant symptoms of ovariectomized rats. The biological effects of flaxseed oil may be due to high amounts of fatty acids, phytoestrogens and an array of antioxidants. The results suggest that flaxseed oil can mimic the action of oestrogen and can be a potential treatment for hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Tanideh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Delavari
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omid Farshad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Cambyz Irajie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Koohpeyma
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omid Koohi-Hosseinabadi
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akram Jamshidzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Sarma UC, Winship AL, Hutt KJ. Comparison of methods for quantifying primordial follicles in the mouse ovary. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:121. [PMID: 33054849 PMCID: PMC7560236 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate evaluation of primordial follicle numbers in mouse ovaries is an essential endpoint for studies investigating how endogenous and exogenous insults, such as maternal aging and chemotherapy, impact the ovarian reserve. In this study, we compared and contrasted two methods for counting healthy primordial follicles following exposure to cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg), a well-established model of follicle depletion. The first was the fractionator/optical dissector technique, an unbiased, assumption-free stereological approach for quantification of primordial follicle numbers. While accurate, highly reproducible and sensitive, this method relies on specialist microscopy equipment and software, requires specific fixation, embedding and sectioning parameters to be followed, and is largely a manual process that is tedious and time-consuming. The second method was the more widely used serial section and direct count approach, which is relatively quick and easy. We also compared the impacts of different fixatives, embedding material and section thickness on the overall results for each method. Results Direct counts resulted in primordial follicle numbers that were significantly lower than those obtained by stereology, irrespective of fixation and embedding material. When applied to formalin fixed tissue, the direct count method did not detect differences in follicle numbers between saline and cyclophosphamide treated groups to the same degree of sensitivity as the gold standard stereology method (referred to as the Reference standard). However, when Bouin’s fixative was used, direct counts and stereology were comparable in their ability to detect follicle depletion caused by cyclophosphamide. Conclusions This work indicates that the direct count method can produce similar results to stereology when Bouin’s fixative is used instead of formalin. The findings presented here will assist others to select the most appropriate experimental approach for accurate follicle enumeration, depending on whether the primary objective of the study is to determine absolute primordial follicle numbers or relative differences between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urooza C Sarma
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Level 3, Building 76, 19 Innovation walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Level 3, Building 76, 19 Innovation walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Amy L Winship
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Level 3, Building 76, 19 Innovation walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Level 3, Building 76, 19 Innovation walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Karla J Hutt
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Level 3, Building 76, 19 Innovation walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. .,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Level 3, Building 76, 19 Innovation walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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14
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Sherafatmanesh S, Ekramzadeh M, Tanideh N, Golmakani MT, Koohpeyma F. The effects of thylakoid-rich spinach extract and aqueous extract of caraway (Carum carvi L.) in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:249. [PMID: 32787839 PMCID: PMC7425561 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the oral administration of thylakoid-rich spinach extract and the caraway aqueous extract in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats. METHODS Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups of 12 animals each. Letrozole (1 mg/kg) was administered orally for a period of 28 days to induce PCOS. Sham and PCOS control rats received 1 mL/day of distilled water, and the three groups of PCOS rats were given 150 mg/kg of metformin, 3 g/kg of caraway, and thylakoid at a dose of 6 mg chlorophyll/gr food intake/day by oral gavage for 8 weeks. Finally, blood samples were collected and the right ovary of rats was removed, weighed, and fixed in 4% buffered formalin to determine the biochemical and stereological parameters. RESULTS Compared to the PCOS control group, consuming metformin, thylakoid, and caraway extracts significantly improved the fasting blood sugar (FBS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), luteinizing hormone (LH), insulin resistance, and body weight, increased the volume of the corpus luteum, and reduced the number of atretic follicles after 8 weeks (푃< 0.05). Although caraway treatment caused a significant increase in the HDL-C (High-density lipoprotein cholesterol) level (P < 0.001), no significant change was observed in terms of HDL-C in the thylakoid and metformin groups compared to the PCOS control group. CONCLUSION Our data showed that the consumption of thylakoid and caraway extracts for 8 weeks may have beneficial effects on the biochemical and stereological factors in PCOS-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Sherafatmanesh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ekramzadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Koohpeyma
- Shiraz Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Ashkar F, Eftekhari MH, Tanideh N, Koohpeyma F, Mokhtari M, Irajie C, Iraji A. Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Berberis integerrima and resveratrol on ovarian morphology and biochemical parameters in Letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rat model: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:637-650. [PMID: 32923930 PMCID: PMC7457158 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i8.7505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol and Berberis integerrima (B. integerrima) are known to be natural antioxidants and regulators of human metabolism. However, the effects of resveratrol and B. integerrima on the ovarian morphology in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are not obvious. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of B. integerrima in combination with resveratrol on some biochemical parameters and ovarian morphology in the letrozole-induced PCOS rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy adult female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10-12 weeks weighing 200 ± 20 gr were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10/each). Group I): normal; Group II): vehicle; Group III): letrozole-induced PCOS 1 mg/kg letrozole orally, rats receiving 1 cc normal saline orally; Group IV): PCOS + receiving 150 mg/kg metformin orally; Group V): PCOS + receiving 20 mg/kg resveratrol orally; Group VI): PCOS + 3 gr/kg barberry orally; and Group VII): PCOS + receiving 3 gr/kg barberry and 20 mg/kg resveratrol orally. All animals were followed-up for 63 days. The biochemical parameters and histological assessments of ovaries were performed. RESULTS Resveratrol alone and/or in combination with B. integerrima treatment in rats led to a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations (p = 0.02). The groups IV, V, VI, and VII showed a decrease in insulin resistance and an increase in the superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.01). No significant difference was observed between the level of serum glucose in the treatment groups. Number of cystic follicles had a significant decrease in barberry, resveratrol, and their combination groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Resveratrol, B. integerrima, and their combination as natural products with fewer side effects might be effective as an alternative medicine in treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ashkar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Koohpeyma
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maral Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Cambyz Irajie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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16
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A review of the physiology behind letrozole applications in infertility: are current protocols optimal? J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2093-2104. [PMID: 32712844 PMCID: PMC7492298 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Letrozole is a targeted aromatase inhibitor which has primarily been used in post-menopausal women with breast cancer. Recently, it has been utilized in infertile pre-menopausal women because of its ability to enhance FSH production for ovulation induction. However, the ovarian follicle’s response to FSH is only a part of the endocrine events occurring in a developing follicle. The health of the small antral follicles is driven primarily by androgens, which contribute to granulosa cell mitosis, sensitivity to FSH, and resistance to atresia. In contrast, elevated androgens in the late antral to pre-ovulatory follicle have a negative impact on follicle health and lead to atresia and cystic follicle formation. This ovarian physiologic data suggests that current applications of letrozole to infertility may be squandering some of the primary benefits available in using letrozole to promote follicle development. Four applications of letrozole to infertility that have appeared in the medical literature are reviewed. Androgen-related benefits are reviewed and various questions put forward about how letrozole could be more effectively used to help patients in these settings.
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17
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Samare-Najaf M, Zal F, Safari S, Koohpeyma F, Jamali N. Stereological and histopathological evaluation of doxorubicin-induced toxicity in female rats' ovary and uterus and palliative effects of quercetin and vitamin E. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1710-1724. [PMID: 32666839 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120937329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent with demonstrated reproductive toxicity. This study sought to determine the DOX-induced toxicity in the ovary and uterus and the preventive effects of quercetin (QCT) and vitamin E (Vit.E). Female rats were divided into six groups as follows: control, QCT (20 mg/kg), Vit.E (200 mg/kg), DOX (accumulative 15 mg/kg), DOX/QCT, and DOX/Vit.E. After 3 weeks, the toxicity of DOX in ovarian and uterine tissues and the potential palliative effects of QCT and Vit.E were evaluated by histopathological-stereological methods. The findings indicate a dramatic decline in the number of ovarian follicles (p < 0.001), ovarian and its associated structures volume, the volume of the uterus, its layers, and related structures (p < 0.05). Coadministration of QCT and Vit.E with DOX-treated rats demonstrated an alleviative effect on most of the studied parameters. Nevertheless, few adverse effects were recognized concerning these antioxidants administration (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings of this study support the protective role of these dietary supplements in the prevention of DOX-induced toxicity in uterine and ovarian tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samare-Najaf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Zal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Infertility Research Centre, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Safari
- Department of Pathology, Marvdasht Martyr Motahari Hospital, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Koohpeyma
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N Jamali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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18
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Pimentel MML, Dos Santos FA, de Macêdo LB, de Brito PD, Lima GL, Barreto RA, Bezerra MB. Rescue of caprine fetal ovaries, vitrification and follicular development after xenotransplantation in two immunodeficient mice models. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20190115. [PMID: 32714451 PMCID: PMC7375861 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2019-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Domestic and wild goats are very susceptible animals to predation, specially when pregnancy occurs. This study aimed to evaluate the use of goat fetal ovarian tissue for vitrification followed by xenotransplantation and fresh xenotransplantation in two immunosuppressed mice models (C57BL/6 SCID and Balb-C NUDE). Goat fetus ovaries were collected in slaughterhouses, divided into small cortical pieces and were destined for fresh xenotransplantation (FX) and cryopreservation followed by xenotransplantation (CX). Five recipients from each lineage were used for FX and 10 animals from each lineage for CX. The mice were euthanized after 65 postoperative days, and the transplants were collected for microscopic assessment. The blood plasma was collected for estradiol measurement. Independently of mice strain, all recipients presented complete estrus cycle in FX and 80% after CX groups. Follicles were observed at all development stages without morphological changes. The volume density and total vessel surface observed in the transplants were different (p <0.01) between groups. The estradiol levels in the recipients did not differ (p <0.05) among the treatments. Thus, it is possible to activate the preantral follicles in the ovaries of fetuses by optimizing germplasm utilization and conservation of domestic and endangered wild goats that are in predatory situations, undesirable drowning or accidental death, since provided conditions for xenotransplantation are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Magda Lustosa Pimentel
- Centro Universitário Cesmac, Maceió, AL, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Araujo Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Luã Barbalho de Macêdo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Parmênedes Dias de Brito
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Liberalino Lima
- Departamento de Ciência Animal, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Crato, CE, Brasil
| | - Raimundo Alves Barreto
- Departamento de Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Barbosa Bezerra
- Departamento de Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
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19
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Hilal G, Fatma T, Ferruh Y, Sabire G, Yüksel A. Effect of high-fat diet on the various morphological parameters of the ovary. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:58-67. [PMID: 32274250 PMCID: PMC7118267 DOI: 10.5115/acb.19.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased food consumption rich in fat and carbohydrate and sedentary lifestyle have seriously increased the rates of obesity and obesity-associated diseases in developed countries. Female mice with diet-induced obesity exhibit infertility and thus can serve as a model for human polycystic ovary syndrome. The aim of the present study was to examine how ovary is affected by diet-induced obesity. The effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on ovary morphology in mice fed with HFD were investigated using unbiased stereological methods. The ovary of mice fed with HFD (n=8, C1090-60, Altromine) for 9 weeks, were compared with that of mice fed with standard chow diet (n=8, C1090-10, Altromine). Stereological parameters were obtained in diestrus cycle. The samples were processed through routine and standard paraffin embedding and were serially sectioned in 5-µm thickness then, every 10th section was saved, stained with Crossman's triple stain for counting and measuring. In all sampled sections mean follicle numbers, diameters, total ovarian volume cortex to medulla ratio (Vv), ovum to cell ratio in secondary follicle were examined in all sampled sections. The present results showed that weight of ovarian and amount of intraperitoneal adipose tissue and the body weight markedly increased in obese mice when compared with control groups. Moreover, follicle numbers (except primordial follicles) and diameters were significantly increased in obese mice. Cortex to medulla ratio (Vv) and ovum to cell ratio in secondary follicle were also considerably different between experimental and the control groups. The present findings indicate that obesity adversely affects overall ovarian morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gören Hilal
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Topal Fatma
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Yücel Ferruh
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Güler Sabire
- Department of Histology Embriology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Aydar Yüksel
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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20
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Kalhori Z, Mehranjani MS, Azadbakht M, Shariatzadeh MA. L-Carnitine improves endocrine function and folliculogenesis by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice following induction of polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:282-293. [PMID: 31039949 DOI: 10.1071/rd18131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is related to low levels of serum l-carnitine, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of l-carnitine on folliculogenesis in mice following induction of PCOS. PCOS was induced by daily injections of testosterone enanthate (1mg per 100g, s.c., for 35 days). NMRI mice (21 days old) were divided into four groups (n=6 per group): Control, Control+l-carnitine, PCOS and PCOS+l-carnitine. Mice were treated with 500mgkg-1, i.p., l-carnitine every second day for 28 days. Ovaries were studied stereologically and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, testosterone, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined using ELISA kits. Serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were also analysed. Apoptosis of follicles was evaluated by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL). CD31 was assessed immunohistochemically. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test, differences considered significant at P<0.05.The total volume of the ovary, cortex volume, oocyte volume, zona pellucida thickness and the number of antral follicles increased significantly, whereas the number of primary and preantral follicles decreased significantly, in the PCOS+l-carnitine versus PCOS group. In the PCOS+l-carnitine group, serum concentrations of FSH and FRAP increased significantly, whereas there were significant decreases in serum concentrations of testosterone, LH, MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as in the percentage of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, compared with the PCOS group. l-Carnitine improves folliculogenesis and is therefore suggested as a therapeutic supplement in the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kalhori
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, PO Box 381-5688138, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Mehri Azadbakht
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, PO Box 6714967346, Kermanshah, Iran
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21
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Mirzaeian L, Eivazkhani F, Hezavehei M, Moini A, Esfandiari F, Valojerdi MR, Fathi R. Optimizing The Cell Seeding Protocol to Human Decellularized Ovarian Scaffold: Application of Dynamic System for Bio-Engineering. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 22:227-235. [PMID: 31721538 PMCID: PMC6874796 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Decellularized tissue scaffolds provide an extracellular matrix to control stem cells differentiation toward
specific lineages. The application of mesenchymal stem cells for artificial ovary production may enhance ex vivo functions
of the ovary. On the other hand, the scaffold needs interaction and integration with cells. Thus, the development of
ovarian engineered constructs (OVECs) requires the use of efficient methods for seeding of the cells into the ovarian
and other types of scaffolds. The main goal of the present study was to develop an optimized culture system for efficient
seeding of peritoneum mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) into human decellularized ovarian scaffold.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, three methods were used for cellular seeding including rotational
(spinner flask) and static (conventional and injection) seeding cultures. OVECs were evaluated with Hematoxylin and
Eosin staining and viability analyses for the seeded PMSCs. Then, immunohistochemistry analysis was performed
using the best method of cellular seeding for primordial germ cell-like cells, mesenchymal stem cells and proliferation
markers. Stereology analysis was also performed for the number of penetrated cells into the OVECs.
Results Our results showed that rotational seeding increases the permeability of PMSCs into the scaffold and survival
rate of the seeded PMSCs, comparing to the other methods. On the other hand, rotationally seeded PMSCs had a more
favorable capability of proliferation with Ki67 expression and differentiation to ovarian specific cells with expression
of primordial germ cell line markers without mesenchymal stem cells markers production. Furthermore, stereology
showed a more favorable distribution of PMSCs along the outer surfaces of the OVEC with further distribution at the
central part of the scaffold. The average total cell values were determined 2142187 cells/mm3 on each OVEC.
Conclusion The rotational seeding method is a more favorable approach to cell seeding into ovarian decellularized
tissue than static seeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mirzaeian
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Eivazkhani
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hezavehei
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Esfandiari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Fathi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Fakher S, Seghatoleslam A, Noorafshan A, Karbalay-Doust S, Rahmanifard M, Rashidi M. The Impact of Echium Amoenum Distillate on Naturally Boosting Fertility: Potential Ameliorative Role in Male Mice Reproductive Parameters. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 44:227-235. [PMID: 31182889 PMCID: PMC6525725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iranian borage, Echium amoenum, is believed to improve reproduction according to folk medicine. Although E. amoenum distillate known as "Aragh Gav-zaban" is widely consumed as a safe and natural remedy, its possible effects on fertility have not yet been scientifically examined. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of borage distillate (BD) on reproductive parameters of male mice. METHODS In this experimental study, 30 adult male Mus musculus mice (30-35 g) were equally divided into three groups. The control group received distilled water (DW) for five weeks and the other two groups, BD1/2 and BD1/4, received borage distillate of 1/2 dilution (150±2.5 ml/kg/day) and 1/4 dilution (75±1.25 ml/kg/day), respectively, ad libitum for three weeks and DW for 2 weeks. On the day 35, mice were sacrificed, sperm analysis was performed, and sera were collected to evaluate gonadotropins, testosterone, and toxicity parameters. The left testis was excised for stereological study and the right testis was used to evaluate androgen receptor (AR) gene expression. RESULTS The administration of BD1/2 significantly increased serum FSH (P=0.004), LH (P=0.025), testosterone (P=0.014), the percentage of motile (P=0.011); slow progressive (P=0.001), coiled tail (P<0.001) sperms, and the number of Leydig cells (P=0.008) compared to the control group. Treatment with BD1/4 significantly increased sperm count (P=0.044) and motile sperms percentage (P=0.040) compared to the control group too. The administration of BD revealed no significant effects on toxicity parameters and AR gene expression. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study showed that the consumption of borage distillate, as a safe herbal remedy, improves hormonal and sperm parameters in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Fakher
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Atefeh Seghatoleslam
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Ali Noorafshan
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Saeid Karbalay-Doust
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Maryam Rahmanifard
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Mojtaba Rashidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Kalhori Z, Azadbakht M, Soleimani Mehranjani M, Shariatzadeh MA. Improvement of the folliculogenesis by transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in mice with induced polycystic ovary syndrome. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1445-1458. [PMID: 30523787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported that inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation properties. In this study, we investigate the beneficial effect of stem cell therapy on folliculogenesis in mice with induced PCOS METHODS: Mouse model of PCOS was performed through daily injection of testosterone enanthate (1 mg/100 g/body weight subcutaneous (s.c).) for a period of 5 weeks. Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice (21 days old) were divided into three groups: control, PCOS and PCOS + BM-MSCs. BM-MSCs were labeled with Hoechst 33342 (0.5 µg/mL) and then injected into the mice (106/animal, via the tail vein) at 1 and 14 days after PCOS confirmation. Mice were humanely killed at 2 weeks after last transplantation. Ovarian stereological studies were done. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α serum levels were measured. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in serum were analyzed. Apoptotic index for ovarian follicles was assessed using Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL). CD31 expression in ovarian vessels was assessed with the immunohistochemistry. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the total volume of ovary, cortex, number of antral follicles, volume of oocyte and zona pellucida thickness, and there was a significant decrease in the primary and preantral follicles number in the PCOS + BM-MSCs group compared with the PCOS group. There was a significant increase in the serum level of FSH and TAC and a significant decrease in the serum level of testosterone, LH, MDA and percentage of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells in the PCOS + BM-MSCs group in comparison with the PCOS group. DISCUSSION BM-MSC transplantation improves folliculogenesis in mice with induced PCOS. BM-MSC therapy can be an operative treatment for PCOS via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kalhori
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Mehri Azadbakht
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Wang S, Wang S, Li H, Li X, Xie M, Wen J, Li M, Long T. Effect of aromatase inhibitor letrozole on the proliferation of spermatogonia by regulating the MAPK pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5269-5274. [PMID: 29805545 PMCID: PMC5958651 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole was investigated. It promotes the proliferation of spermatogonia by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Six different concentrations were selected for letrozole in order to incubate mouse spermatogonia [GC-1 spermatogonia (spg)] for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to observe the effect of letrozole on the proliferation of GC-1 spg cells, and the effect was further verified by cell plate clone formation assay. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect the effects of letrozole on MAPK signaling pathways [Ras/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1)/c-Myc], proliferation indexes [Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)]. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) staining was used to study the effects of letrozole and MAPK signaling pathways on cell proliferation. The results of CCK-8 showed that the proliferation rate of GC-1 spg cells was improved. Study results also revealed a significant increase in letrozole concentration along with the time of action. The results of plate clone formation assay further indicated that letrozole could significantly promote the proliferation capacity of GC-1 spg cells (p<0.05). The results of RT-PCR and western blot analysis confirmed letrozole significantly activated the expression of Ras/ERK1/c-Myc in the classical MAPK pathway. A significant increase was noted in the protein levels of Ki-67 and PCNA (p<0.05). By contrast, inhibition of the MAPK pathway resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of the above indexes (p<0.05). The number of BrdU cells in the letrozole group was also higher than that of the control group, while the number of BrdU-stained cells in the letrozole + MAPK inhibition group showed a significant decrease in comparison to the letrozole group. In conclusion, letrozole activated the MAPK signaling pathway and promoted the proliferation of mouse spermatogonia GC-1 spg cells. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of letrozole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunde Wang
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Wang
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Menglin Xie
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Meicai Li
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Tengbo Long
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
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Kalhori Z, Soleimani Mehranjani M, Azadbakht M, Shariaatzadeh MA. Ovary stereological features and serum biochemical factors following induction of polycystic ovary syndrome with testosterone enanthate in mice: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 16:267-274. [PMID: 29942935 PMCID: PMC6004592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder featured by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Testosterone enanthate can induce PCOS in mice models. OBJECTIVE We investigated the ovary stereological features along with the oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in mice following PCOS induction using testosterone enanthate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve female NMRI mice (3 wk old) were divided into 2 groups (n=6/each): Control and PCOS. PCOS was induced through daily injections of testosterone enanthate (1 mg/100g subcutaneous s.c for 5 wk). Finally, ovaries were studied stereologically. The serum levels of the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured using ELISA kit. Serum levels of Malondialdehyde and the antioxidant capacity were measured relatively using thiobarbituric acid and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. RESULTS The mean total volume of ovary and the mean volume of cortex (p<0.001), volume of oocyte in the preantral (p=0.011) and antral follicle (p=0.015), thickness of zona pellucida (p=0.016), the number of antral follicles (p=0.012), the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (p<0.001) and the antioxidant capacity (p=0.020) reduced significantly in the PCOS group compared to the control. The number of primary (p=0.017) and preantral (p=0.006) follicles and the serum levels of testosterone (p<0.001), Luteinizing hormone (p=0.002), Malondialdehyde, Interleukin 6 and Tumor necrosis factor-α (p<0.001) showed a significant increase in the PCOS group compared to the control. CONCLUSION Testosterone enanthate induced PCOS causes stereological features in the ovary, increases the oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kalhori
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
| | | | - Mehri Azadbakht
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Kalhori Z, Soleimani Mehranjani M, Azadbakht M, Shariaatzadeh MA. Ovary stereological features and serum biochemical factors following induction of polycystic ovary syndrome with testosterone enanthate in mice: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.16.4.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Soleimani Mehranjani M, Mansoori T. Stereological study on the effect of vitamin C in preventing the adverse effects of bisphenol A on rat ovary. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.14.6.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Soleimani Mehranjani M, Mansoori T. Stereological study on the effect of vitamin C in preventing the adverse effects of bisphenol A on rat ovary. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016; 14:403-10. [PMID: 27525324 PMCID: PMC4971555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental pollutant, can generate free radicals which damages the reproductive system. Vitamin C is an antioxidant which may prevent the adverse effects of free radicals. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the effect of vitamin C on the ovary tissue in rats treated with BPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 24 female Wistar rats (200±20 gr) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6): control, BPA (60 µg/Kg/day), vitamin C (150 mg/Kg/day) and BPA + vitamin C and orally treated for 20 days. The left ovaries were taken out, fixed for tissue processing and studied using stereological methods. Data were analyzed with SPSS using one-way ANOVA, and the means were considered significantly different at (p<0.05). RESULTS The total volume of ovary and cortex (p<0.01), medulla (p<0.05), the volume of corpus luteum (p<0.001) and the mean number of antral follicles (p<0.001) significantly reduced in BPA group compared with control, while the number of atretic follicles increased (p<0.05). The volume of oocyte (p<0.01) and its nucleus (p<0.001) in the antral follicles and the thickness of zona pellucida (ZP) in the secondary (p<0.05) and antral (p<0.001) follicles significantly decreased in BPA group compared with controls. The above parameters in the BPA + vitamin C group were compensated to control level. CONCLUSION Vitamin C can be used as a potential antioxidant in the case of BPA toxication.
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Amini L, Tehranian N, Movahedin M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Soltanghoraee H. Polycystic Ovary Morphology (PCOM) in Estradiol Valerate Treated Mouse Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.15296/ijwhr.2016.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li T, Ma Y, Zhang H, Yan P, Huo L, Hu Y, Chen X, Li T, Zhang M, Liu Z. Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:1093512. [PMID: 27642295 PMCID: PMC5013240 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1093512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. To determine the exact role of estrogen in vaginal tissue morphology and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) distribution in the vagina, which remains controversial. Methods. Sixty rats were randomly categorized: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomy (OVX), and four estradiol treatments (estradiol valerate at 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. Thereafter, vaginal samples were biopsied from the distal- and proximal-half portions. The percentage of ERα-immunoreactive cells and the ERα score were quantified using immunohistochemistry to assess changes in ERα expression and distribution. Results. OVX induced significant vaginal atrophy and organic index. Estrogen-replacement therapy (ERT) reversed vaginal atrophy. The vaginal distal-half areas showed lower ERα% than the proximal-half areas. The ERα% increased sharply 4 weeks after OVX, especially in the epithelial layer (P = 0.023). ERT elicited different degrees of reductions in tissues after the 2-week treatment, but the ERα% in only the epithelium recovered in parallel with that in the sham group (P = 0.001). The OVX group showed higher ERα histological scores than the sham group, and the distal-half area changed more evidently than the proximal-half area. ERα expression was nearly unchanged after ERT (P > 0.05). Conclusions. ERT is effective for treating obesity and vulvovaginal atrophy caused by hypoestrogenism and advancing age in menopausal women but cannot recover the distribution and expression of ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Animal Center Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Lili Huo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yongyan Hu
- Animal Center Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
- *Miao Zhang:
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
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Does metformin improve in vitro maturation and ultrastructure of oocytes retrieved from estradiol valerate polycystic ovary syndrome-induced rats. J Ovarian Res 2015; 8:74. [PMID: 26577050 PMCID: PMC4650318 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-015-0203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metformin decreases polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) symptoms, induces ovulation, and may improve developmental competence of in vitro oocyte maturation. This study was designed to define the effects of metformin on the characteristics of in vitro oocyte maturation in estradiol valerate (EV) PCOS-induced rats. Methods Forty-five adult female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control; sham and PCOS-induced (treated by a single dose of estradiol valerate, 4 mg/rat, IM) groups. The body weight was measured weekly for 12 weeks. At the end of week 12, the serum levels of testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH and blood glucose of all the rats were measured. About 380 cumulus oocyte complexes (control, 125; sham, 122; PCOS-induced rats, 133) were incubated in Ham’s F10 in the absence and/or presence of metformin (M 5−10) for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. The cumulus cells expansion and nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of the oocytes was evaluated using 1 % aceto-orcein staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results No significant differences were observed in the body weight of the rats. The serum level of testosterone was reduced, and progesterone and LH were significantly increased in the PCOS-induced rats (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the serum levels of estrogen and FSH among the groups. Blood glucose level was higher in the PCOS-induced rats than control, (p < 0.01). The expansion of cumulus cells was observed in the metformin-treated oocytes. The oocytes retrieved from PCOS-induced rats show a stage of meiotic division (GVBD, MI, A-T, and MII) in 57.12 % of metformin-untreated and fairly significantly increased to 64.28 % in metformin-treated oocytes, (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed in the MII stage within groups. The redistribution of some cytoplasmic organelles throughout the ooplasm, particularly the peripheral cortical granules, was defined in the metformin-treated oocytes. Conclusions Single dose of EV can creates a reversible PCO adult rat model. Metformin enhances the COCs to initiate meiotic resumption at the first 6 h of IVM. In our study the metformin inability to show all aspects of in vitro oocyte maturation and may be resulted from deficiency of EV to induce PCOS.
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N-acetylcysteine improves function and follicular survival in mice ovarian grafts through inhibition of oxidative stress. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 30:101-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Dezfouli MGZ, Eissazadeh S, Zade SMAS. Histological and histometrical study of the protective role of α-tocopherol against sodium arsenite toxicity in rat ovaries. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2014; 20:1167-1179. [PMID: 24735566 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study examines histometrical changes induced by sodium arsenite (SA), as an environmental pollutant, and investigates the protective effect of α-tocopherol on ovaries of SA-treated rats during the prenatal stage until sexual maturity. Rats were classified into groups: control, SA (8 ppm/day), α-tocopherol (100 ppm/day), and SA+α-tocopherol. Treatment was performed from pregnancy until maturation when the rats and ovaries were weighed. The Cavalieri method was used to estimate volume of the ovaries, cortex, medulla, and corpus luteum. The mean diameter of oocytes, granulosa cells, and nuclei were measured and volume was estimated using the Nucleator method. The number of oocytes and thickness of the zona pellucida (ZP) were determined using an optical dissector and orthogonal intercept method, respectively. SA reduced the body and ovary weight, the number of secondary, antral and Graafian oocytes, volume of the ovaries, cortex, medulla and corpus luteum, mean diameter and volume of oocytes in primordial and primary follicles, mean diameter and volume of oocyte nuclei in all types of follicles, and mean thickness of the ZP in secondary and antral follicles. Also, the mean diameter and volume of granulosa cells and their nuclei in antral and Graafian follicles decreased significantly. Vacuolization and vascular congestion in the corpus luteum and an increase in the number of atretic oocytes were seen in the SA group. Most of these parameters were unchanged from the control level in the SA+α-tocopherol group. It was concluded that α-tocopherol supplementation reduced the toxic effects of SA exposure on ovarian tissue in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghandi Zadeh Dezfouli
- 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science,Arak University,Shahid Beheshti Street,Arak,Markazi Province,3945-5-38138Iran
| | - Samira Eissazadeh
- 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science,Serding,Selangor,Darul Ehsan,43400Malaysia
| | - Sayed Mohammad Ali Shariat Zade
- 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science,Arak University,Shahid Beheshti Street,Arak,Markazi Province,3945-5-38138Iran
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