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Passi T, Lukander K, Laarni J, Närväinen J, Rissanen J, Vaara JP, Pihlainen K, Kallinen K, Ojanen T, Mauno S, Pakarinen S. Effects of overnight military training and acute battle stress on the cognitive performance of soldiers in simulated urban combat. Front Psychol 2022; 13:925157. [PMID: 35959037 PMCID: PMC9360769 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.925157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the effect of stress, fatigue, and sleep deprivation on the ability to maintain an alert and attentive state in an ecologically valid setting is of importance as lapsing attention can, in many safety-critical professions, have devastating consequences. Here we studied the effect of close-quarters battle (CQ battle) exercise combined with overnight military training with sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, namely sustained attention and response inhibition. In addition, the effect of the CQ battle and overnight training on cardiac activity [heart rate and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD)] during the cognitive testing and the relationship between cardiac activity and cognitive performance were examined. Cognitive performance was measured with the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and the sustained attention to response task (SART). Altogether 45 conscripts participated in the study. The conscripts were divided into control (CON) and experimental (EXP) groups. The CON completed the training day after a night of sleep and the EXP after the overnight military training with no sleep. Results showed that the effect of the overnight training on cognitive performance and the between-group difference in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) depended on the cognitive test. Surprisingly, the cognitive performance was not largely affected by the CQ battle. However, as expected, the CQ battle resulted in a significant decrease in RMSSD and an increase in HR measured during the cognitive testing. Similarly, the HR parameters were related to cognitive performance, but the relationship was found only with the PVT. In conclusion, fatigue due to the overnight training impaired the ability to maintain sufficient alertness level. However, this impairment in arousal upregulation was counteracted by the arousing nature of the SART. Hence, the conscripts' cognitive performance was mainly preserved when performing a stimulating task, despite the fatigue from the sleep loss of the preceding night and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Passi
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Tomi Passi
| | | | - Jari Laarni
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | - Jani P. Vaara
- Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kai Pihlainen
- Training Division, Defence Command, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Kallinen
- Finnish Defence Research Agency, Finnish Defence Forces, Tuusula, Finland
| | - Tommi Ojanen
- Finnish Defence Research Agency, Finnish Defence Forces, Tuusula, Finland
| | - Saija Mauno
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), and University of Jyväskylä, Tampere University, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Satu Pakarinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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Huang G, Fang Y, Zhang W, Su X, Xie Y, Liang F, Gao Y, Lu Y, Zhao L. Altered thalamic functional connectivity and cerebral blood flow in insomnia disorder: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Clin Imaging 2022; 88:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gong L, Shi M, Wang J, Xu R, Yu S, Liu D, Ding X, Zhang B, Zhang X, Xi C. The Abnormal Functional Connectivity in the Locus Coeruleus-Norepinephrine System Associated With Anxiety Symptom in Chronic Insomnia Disorder. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:678465. [PMID: 34093121 PMCID: PMC8175797 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.678465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental syndromes such as anxiety and depression are common comorbidities in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID). The locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NE) system is considered to be crucial for modulation of emotion and sleep/wake cycle. LC-NE system is also a critical mediator of the stress-induced anxiety. However, whether the LC-NE system contributes to the underlying mechanism linking insomnia and these comorbidities remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the LC-NE system alterations in patients with insomnia and its relationship with depression and anxiety symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy patients with CID and 63 matched good sleep control (GSC) subjects were recruited and underwent resting-state functional MRI scan. LC-NE functional network was constructed by using seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis. The alterations in LC-NE FC network in patients with CID and their clinical significance was explored. RESULTS Compared with GSC group, the CID group showed decreased left LC-NE FC in the left inferior frontal gyrus, while they had increased LC-NE FC in the left supramarginal gyrus and the left middle occipital gyrus (MOG). For the right LC-NE FC network, decreased FC was found in left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Interesting, the increased LC-NE FC was located in sensory cortex, while decreased LC-NE FC was located in frontal control cortex. In addition, the FC between the left LC and left MOG was associated with the duration of the disease, while abnormal FC between right LC and left dACC was associated with the anxiety scores in patients with CID. CONCLUSION The present study found abnormal LC-NE functional network in patients with CID, and the altered LC-NE function in dACC was associated with anxiety symptoms in CID. The present study substantially extended our understanding of the neuropathological basis of CID and provided the potential treatment target for CID patients who also had anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ronghua Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingping Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhua Xi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei, China
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Jung SH, Lee S, Burns GL, Becker SP. Internal and External Validity of Self-Report and Parent-Report Measures of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in South Korean Adolescents. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li C, Ma X, Dong M, Yin Y, Hua K, Li M, Li C, Zhan W, Li C, Jiang G. Abnormal spontaneous regional brain activity in primary insomnia: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:1371-8. [PMID: 27366068 PMCID: PMC4913992 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s109633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigating functional specialization is crucial for a complete understanding of the neural mechanisms of primary insomnia (PI). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a useful tool to explore the functional specialization of PI. However, only a few studies have focused on the functional specialization of PI using resting-state fMRI and results of these studies were far from consistent. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate functional specialization of PI using resting-state fMRI with amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) algorithm. METHODS In this study, 55 PI patients and 44 healthy controls were included. ALFF values were compared between the two groups using two-sample t-test. The relationship of abnormal ALFF values with clinical characteristics and duration of insomnia was investigated using Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS PI patients showed lower ALFF values in the left orbitofrontal cortex/inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, and bilateral cerebellum posterior lobes, while higher ALFF values in the right middle/inferior temporal that extended to the right occipital lobe. In addition, we found that the duration of PI negatively correlated with ALFF values in the left orbitofrontal cortex/inferior frontal gyrus, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score negatively correlated with ALFF values in the left inferior parietal lobule. CONCLUSION The present study added information to limited studies on functional specialization and provided evidence for hyperarousal hypothesis in PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, The Third Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofen Ma
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengshi Dong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, The Third Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelei Hua
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, The Third Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Zhan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Renal Transplantation, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong No 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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