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Biswas A, A JM, Lewis SA, Raja S, Paul A, Ghosal K, Mahmood S, Ansari MD. Design and Evaluation of Microemulsion-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Biofilm-Based Infection in Burns. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:203. [PMID: 39237802 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal skin is the first line of defense in the human body. A burn injury makes the skin susceptible to bacterial infection, thereby delaying wound healing and ultimately leading to sepsis. The chances of biofilm formation are high in burn wounds due to the presence of avascular necrotic tissue. The most common pathogen to cause burn infection and biofilm is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The purpose of this study was to create a microemulsion (ME) formulation for topical application to treat bacterial burn infection. In the present study, tea tree oil was used as the oil phase, Tween 80 and transcutol were used as surfactants, and water served as the aqueous phase. Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were used to determine the design space. The ranges of components as suggested by the design were chosen, optimization of the microemulsion was performed, and in vitro drug release was assessed. Based on the characterization studies performed, it was found that the microemulsion were formulated properly, and the particle size obtained was within the desired microemulsion range of 10 to 300 nm. The I release study showed that the microemulsion followed an immediate release profile. The formulation was further tested based on its ability to inhibit biofilm formation and bacterial growth. The prepared microemulsion was capable of inhibiting biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avirup Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jesil Mathew A
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases (MAC ID), Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Shaila Angela Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Selvaraj Raja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Arpita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kajal Ghosal
- Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Danish Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Dehi, India
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Jamali N, Moghimipour E, Nikpour F, Salimi A. Development and Ex-Vivo Skin Permeation of Sildenafil Citrate Microemulsion System for Transdermal Delivery. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2024; 23:e139381. [PMID: 39140102 PMCID: PMC11319783 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-139381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop a microemulsion (ME)-based skin delivery platform containing sildenafil citrate (SC)-ME and evaluate its in vitro skin permeability. Methods Accurate MEs were prepared using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams and a full factorial design with three variables at two levels. After the design phase, suitable ratios of oil, water, and a mixture of surfactant (S) and cosurfactant (CS) were selected to prepare various SC-ME formulations. These SC-MEs were analyzed for stability, droplet size, in vitro SC release, skin permeability, and viscosity properties. Results The droplet size of the ME samples ranged from 6.24 to 32.65 nm, with viscosities between 114 to 239 cps. Release profiles indicated that 26 to 60% of SC was released from the different SC-MEs within 24 hours. All ME formulations significantly enhanced the permeability coefficient (P) through rat skin. Specifically, the flux (Jss) in SC-ME7 increased by approximately 117 times (Jss = 0.0235 mg/cm2.h) compared to the control sample (0.0002 mg/cm2.h). Conclusions The study concluded that the proportions of the water or oil phase and the S/CS mixture in the MEs significantly influenced the physicochemical characteristics and permeation parameters. The selected MEs improved both the permeability coefficient and the rate of permeation through rat skin. The enhanced drug delivery through and into deep skin layers is a key attribute of an ideal dermal ME. These findings suggest that MEs could serve as effective transdermal delivery systems for SC and similar drugs. However, in vivo assays and clinical research are needed to confirm the therapeutic efficacy of MEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Jamali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Eskandar Moghimipour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nikpour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hosny KM, Alhakamy NA, Al Nahyah KS. The relevance of nanotechnology, hepato-protective agents in reducing the toxicity and augmenting the bioavailability of isotretinoin. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:123-133. [PMID: 33355019 PMCID: PMC7758053 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1862365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne Vulgaris is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorders that affect majority of teen-agers worldwide. Isotretinoin (ITT) is the drug of choice in the management of acne, but, it suffers from serious side-effects including hepatotoxicity, and some psychological disturbances following its oral intake. The objective of this study was to develop and optimize ITT loaded nanoemulsions (ITT-SNEDDS) and to incorporate resveratrol (RSV)in optimum formulation to decrease ITT side effects The ITT solubility was first tested in various essential oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants to select the essential nanoemulsion ingredients. Mixture design was applied to study the effect of independent variables and their interactions on the selected dependent responses. The developed ITT-SNEDDS were characterized for their globule size and ex vivo permeation. The optimized batch was further loaded with RSV and evaluated for in vitro and ex vivo permeation and for in vivo hepatotoxicity. The developed ITT-SNEDDS exhibited globule size below 300 nm, up to 272.27 ± 7.12 mcg/cm2.h and 61.27 ± 2.83% of steady-state flux (JSS) and permeability % respectively. Optimum formulation consisted of 0.15 g oil mixture, 0.6 g of surfactant (Labrasol), and 0.250 g co-surfactant (Transcutol). Permeability studies confirmed the enhanced permeation percentage of ITT (40.77 ± 1.18%), and RSV (29.94 ± 2.02%) from optimized formulation, with enhanced steady-state flux (JSS). In vivo studies demonstrated the superior hepatoprotective activity of optimized formulation compared to a different drug formulations and marketed product. Therefore, RVS loaded ITT-SNEDDS might be a successful strategy for acne management with improved action, and minimum side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Al Nahyah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Talianu MT, Dinu-Pîrvu CE, Ghica MV, Anuţa V, Jinga V, Popa L. Foray into Concepts of Design and Evaluation of Microemulsions as a Modern Approach for Topical Applications in Acne Pathology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2292. [PMID: 33228156 PMCID: PMC7699607 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With a fascinating complexity, governed by multiple physiological processes, the skin is considered a mantle with protective functions which during lifetime are frequently impaired, triggering dermatologic disorders. As one of the most prevalent dermatologic conditions worldwide, characterized by a complex pathogenesis and a high recurrence, acne can affect the patient's quality of life. Smart topical vehicles represent a good option in the treatment of a versatile skin condition. By surpassing the stratum corneum known for diffusional resistance, a superior topical bioavailability can be obtained at the affected place. In this direction, the literature study presents microemulsions as a part of a condensed group of modern formulations. Microemulsions are appreciated for their superior profile in matters of drug delivery, especially for challenging substances with hydrophilic or lipophilic structures. Formulated as transparent and thermodynamically stable systems, using simplified methods of preparation, microemulsions have a simple and clear appearance. Their unique structures can be explained as a function of the formulation parameters which were found to be the mainstay of a targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina-Theodora Talianu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Mihaela Violeta Ghica
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Valentina Anuţa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, no.3, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Lăcrămioara Popa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
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Nanoemulgel for Improved Topical Delivery of Retinyl Palmitate: Formulation Design and Stability Evaluation. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050848. [PMID: 32353979 PMCID: PMC7711631 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Retinyl palmitate is a vitamin A ester belonging to the family of endogenous natural retinoid and used to treat various skin disorders like acne, skin aging, wrinkles, and dark spots, as well as to protect against psoriasis. Despite the known therapeutic benefits of retinyl palmitate, the conventional topical delivery of retinyl palmitate commonly associated with adverse reactions such as skin irritation, redness, excessive peeling, and dryness. Therefore, the current study aims to encapsulate the retinyl palmitate in nanoemulsion then incorporate it into a hydrogel system to improve the topical delivery and stability. Low-energy emulsification method was used for the nano-encapsulation of retinyl palmitate. The phase behavior study was used for the investigation and the optimization of the formulation. The droplet size of the optimized nanoemulsion was in nano dimension (16.71 nm) with low polydispersity index (PdI) (0.015), negative zeta potential (-20.6 mV). It demonstrated the influence of vortexing on droplet size and PdI during nanoemulsion preparation. The retinyl palmitate loaded nanoemulgel delivery system exhibited significant improvement (p < 0.05) in skin permeability after topical application. Employment of the nano-encapsulation approach afterward dispersion into hydrogel system for the development of a topical delivery system of retinyl palmitate resulted in improvement in its UV and storage stability as well.
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Salimi A, Sharif Makhmal Zadeh B, Godazgari S, Rahdar A. Development and Evaluation of Azelaic Acid-Loaded Microemulsion for Transfollicular Drug Delivery Through Guinea Pig Skin: A Mechanistic Study. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:239-246. [PMID: 32373492 PMCID: PMC7191225 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Azelaic acid is a natural keratolytic, comedolytic, and antibacterial drug that is used to treat acne. The topical application of azelaic acid is associated with problems such as irritation and low permeability. For dissolving, the problem is that microemulsion (ME) is used as a drug carrier. The aim of this study was to increase the azelaic acid affinity in the follicular pathway through ME.
Methods: Azelaic acid-loaded MEs were prepared by the water titration method. The properties of the MEs included formulation stability, particle size, drug release profile, thermal behavior of MEs, the diffusion coefficient of the MEs and skin permeability in the non-hairy ear skin and hairy abdominal skin of guinea pig were studied in situ.
Results: The MEs demonstrated a mean droplet size between 5 to 150 nm. In the higher ratios of surfactant/co-surfactant, a more extensive ME zone was found. All MEs increased the azelaic acid flux through both hairy and non-hairy skin compared with an aqueous solution of azelaic acid as a control. This effect of the ME was mainly dependent on the droplet diffusion coefficient and hydrodynamic radius. MEs with a higher diffusion coefficient demonstrated higher azelaic acid flux through hairy and non-hairy skin. Drug flux through both skins was affected by the surfactant/co-surfactant ratio in that the higher ratio increased the azelaic acid affinity into the follicular pathway.
Conclusion: Finally, the ME with the highest droplet diffusion coefficient and the lowest surfactant/co-surfactant ratio was the best ME for azelaic acid delivery into the follicular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayatollah Salimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behzad Sharif Makhmal Zadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Salar Godazgari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
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7
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Protective Effects of Micro-Emulsion of Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Kernel Extract on Methimazole-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.58994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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8
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Kalantari A, Salimi A, Kalantari H, Ebrahimi Broojeni J, Rashidi I, Raesi Vanani A, Bácskay I. The hepatoprotective effect of livergol microemulsion preparation (nanoparticle) against bromobenzene induced toxicity in mice. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:444-448. [PMID: 31193476 PMCID: PMC6529715 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Livergol (LG), which is the extract of Silybum marianum and commonly known as milk thistle possess hepatoprotective effect. Orally administered LG significantly suppresses Bromobenzene (BB)-induced increases in serum activity of enzymes AST, ALT, ALP. Treatment with LG has improved hepatic damages due to BB severe degeneration and vacuolation of hepatocytes. Based on the results the efficacy of LG in MEs showed better drug solubility and permeability which lead to improve drug absorption among different biological membranes. The hepatoprotective effect of this formulation against BB toxicity has been conducted through the control release, high diffusion and absorption rates and improve and increase in oral bioavailability of active pharmaceutical agents.
Livergol (LG), which is the extract of Silybum marianum and commonly known as milk thistle possess hepatoprotective effect and have got licensed for sale in Iran and other countries. LG was evaluated for its capacity to counteract the toxic effects of bromobenzene (BB) on mouse liver. The bioactive component of this plant is known to reinforce naturally occurring liver function through antioxidant activity, the stimulation of bile production and regeneration by the liver organ, resulting in enhanced protection against toxicants, hepatitis, and cirrhosis. The major bioactive components of this product are the flavonolignan ssilibinin, silidianin, silicristin, and isosilibinin. Mice were treated for 10 days with daily gavage of microemulsions (MEs), into which 0–400 mg/kg LG was dispersed. 0.36 ml/kg BB was injected intraperitoneally (ip) to each animal on day 10, followed by sacrifice on day 11, and histological evaluation of hematoxylin-eosin (HE)‐stained liver tissue samples, afterwards followed by evaluation liver enzymes level, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. Significant suppression of BB-mediated damage to liver tissue, and increased in AST, ALT, and ALP level was observed to occur dose-responsively with LG administration, suggesting a use for LG as a chemoprotectant for persons chronically exposed to industrial solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Kalantari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jalal Ebrahimi Broojeni
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Iran Rashidi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Raesi Vanani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
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Jagdale S, Brahmane S, Chabukswar A. Optimization of Microemulgel for Tizanidine Hydrochloride. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:158-179. [PMID: 30854978 PMCID: PMC7475941 DOI: 10.2174/1871523018666190308123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Tizanidine hydrochloride acts centrally as a muscle relaxant. It is used for the treatment of painful muscle spasm, spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury and treatment of muscle spasticity in spinal cord disease. Tizanidine hydrochloride belongs to BCS class II. It has low oral bioavailability and short half-life. Incorporating this drug in microemulgel is an excellent way to overcome problems associated with the drug. Objectives: Present research work was aimed to develop and optimize a microemulsion based gel system for tizanidine hydrochloride. Methods: Screening of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant was carried out. Ternary phase diagram was constructed to obtain concentration range of components. The prepared microemulsion was evaluated for pH, globule size, zeta potential, conductivity, density and viscosity. 32 level factorial design was applied to study the effect of concentration of carbopol 934 and HPMC K15M on % cumulative drug release and viscosity of microemulgel using software Design Expert. Microemulgel was evaluated for pH, spreadability, viscosity, syneresis, drug content, bioadhesive strength, in-vitro as well as ex-vivo diffusion study. Results: Microemulsion was prepared by using isopropyl myristate as oil, tween 80 as a surfactant and transcutol P as cosurfactant. Largest transparent microemulsion region was found with Smix ratio of 1:1. FE-SEM showed globule size 28µm for batch B1 and zeta potential was -1.27mV indicating good stability of the microemulsion. Optimised batch was F6 which showed 92% drug release within 8 hours. It followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Conclusion: A stable, effective and elegant microemulgel formulation, exhibiting good in-vitro and ex-vivo drug release was formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Jagdale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Survey No. 124, MIT College Campus, Paud Rd, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Sujata Brahmane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Survey No. 124, MIT College Campus, Paud Rd, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Anuruddha Chabukswar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Survey No. 124, MIT College Campus, Paud Rd, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
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10
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Transdermal Delivery of Ketorolac Tromethamine Using Microemulsion Vehicles. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.69056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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11
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Wang B, Cai T, Liu Q, Whitney JCC, Du M, Ma Q, Zhang R, Yang L, Cole SPC, Cai Y. Preparation and evaluation of spirulina polysaccharide nanoemulsions. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1273-1282. [PMID: 29901081 PMCID: PMC6089777 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare spirulina polysaccharide (PSP) into an oral nanoemulsion (NE) with the aim of improving its oral bioavailability and prolonging its sustained release effect. The PSP-NE was prepared through a phase transformation method, and its formulation components were screened through the use of a pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The optimal formulation of PSP-NE was determined to be: 11.9% Span 80, 6.0% Tween-80, 9.0% ethanol, 62.8% soybean oil, and 10.3% PSP aqueous solution. The prepared PSP-NE was clear and transparent, had a uniform color and spherical morphology, exhibited stability and no adhesion. The average particle size was 79.93±19 nm, the polydispersity index was 0.185±0.04 (n=3), and the entrapment rate was 62%. Small-animal imaging results showed that the prepared PSP-NE exhibited a sustained release and tissue effect in contrast to the PSP aqueous solution. The present study showed that the prepared PSP-NE not only exhibited a sustained release and tissue effect in contrast to the PSP aqueous solution, but also had superior performance in terms of antitumor and antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyue Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangzhou Jiayuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - John Cameron Cole Whitney
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Manling Du
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Susan P C Cole
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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12
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Mandal S, Mandal SD, Chuttani K, Sawant KK, Subudhi BB. Preclinical Study of Ibuprofen Loaded Transnasal Mucoadhesive Microemulsion for Neuroprotective Effect in MPTP Mice Model. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:23-38. [PMID: 29755536 PMCID: PMC5937075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), showed very promising neuroprotection action, but it suffers from high first pass metabolism and limited ability to cross blood brain barrier. Severe gastric toxicity following oral administration further limits its utility. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate whether ibuprofen loaded mucoadhesive microemulsion (MMEI) could enhance the brain uptake and could also protect the dopaminergic neurons from MPTP-mediated neural inflammation. In this work, ibuprofen loaded polycarbophil based mucoadhesive microemulsion (MMEI) was developed by using response surface methodology (RSM). Male C57BL/6 mice were intranasally given 2.86 mg ibuprofen/kg/day for 2 consecutive weeks, which were pre-treated with four MPTP injections (20 mg/kg of body weight) at 2 h interval by intraperitoneal route and immunohistochemistry was performed. Globule size of optimal MMEI was 46.73 nm ± 3.11 with PdI value as 0.201 ± 0.19. Histological observation showed that optimal MMEI was biocompatible and suitable for nasal application. The result showed very significant effect (p < 0.05) of all three independent variables on the responses of the developed MMEI. Noticeable improvement in motor performance with spontaneous behavior was observed. TH neurons count in substantia nigra with the density of striatal dopaminergic nerve terminals after MMEI administration. Results of this study confirmed neuroprotection action of ibuprofen through intranasal MMEI against MPTP induced inflammation in dopaminergic nerves in animal model and hence, MMEI can be useful for prevention and management of Parkinson disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Surjyanarayan Mandal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Khandagiri Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Snigdha Das Mandal
- Department of Pharmacology, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
| | - Krishna Chuttani
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi-110054, India.
| | - Krutika K Sawant
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MS University, TIFAC Core, Vadodara, India.
| | - Bharat Bhushan Subudhi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Khandagiri Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
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13
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Moghimipour E, Salimi A, Changizi S. Preparation and Microstructural Characterization of Griseofulvin Microemulsions Using Different Experimental Methods: SAXS and DSC. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:281-289. [PMID: 28761831 PMCID: PMC5527243 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a new microemulsion (ME) for topical delivery of griseofulvin.
Methods: The solubilities of griseofulvin in different combinations of surfactant to co-surfactant (S/Co ratio) were determined. Accordingly, based on their phase diagrams, eight microemulsions were formulated and then evaluated with respect to their particle size, surface tension, viscosity, conductivity, zeta potential and stability. Their release behavior, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), refractory index (RI), pH and Small-angle-X-ray scattering (SAXS) were also assessed.
Results: The results indicated that the mean droplet size of the MEs ranged from 30.9 to 84.3 nm. Their zeta potential varied from -4.5 to -20.8. Other determined characteristics were viscosity: 254-381 cps, pH: 5.34-6.57, surface tension: 41.16- 42.83 dyne.cm-1, conductivity: 0.0442 – 0.111 ms.cm-1. The drug release was in the range of 22.4 to 43.69 percent. Also, hexagonal, cubic and lamellar liquid crystals were observed in SAXS experiments.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that any alteration in MEs constituents directly affects their microstructure, shape, droplet size and their other physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Moghimipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sahar Changizi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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14
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A Novel Microemulsion System for Ocular Delivery of Azithromycin: Design, Characterization and Ex-Vivo Rabbit Corneal Permeability. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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15
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Amaral-Machado L, Xavier-Júnior FH, Rutckeviski R, Morais ARV, Alencar ÉN, Dantas TRF, Cruz AKM, Genre J, da Silva-Junior AA, Pedrosa MFF, Rocha HAO, Egito EST. New Trends on Antineoplastic Therapy Research: Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana Shaw) Oil Nanostructured Systems. Molecules 2016; 21:E585. [PMID: 27144557 PMCID: PMC6273763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullfrog oil is a natural product extracted from the Rana catesbeiana Shaw adipose tissue and used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extraction process of bullfrog oil, to develop a suitable topical nanoemulsion and to evaluate its efficacy against melanoma cells. The oil samples were obtained by hot and organic solvent extraction processes and were characterized by titration techniques and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The required hydrophile-lipophile balance and the pseudo-ternary phase diagram (PTPD) were assessed to determine the emulsification ability of the bullfrog oil. The anti-tumoral activity of the samples was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for normal fibroblast (3T3) and melanoma (B16F10) cell lines. Both extraction methods produced yielded around 60% and the oil was mainly composed of unsaturated compounds (around 60%). The bullfrog oil nanoemulsion obtained from PTPD presented a droplet size of about 390 nm and polydispersity = 0.05 and a zeta potential of about -25 mV. Both the bullfrog oil itself and its topical nanoemulsion did not show cytotoxicity in 3T3 linage. However, these systems showed growth inhibition in B16F10 cells. Finally, the bullfrog oil presented itself as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical products free from cytotoxicity and effective for antineoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Amaral-Machado
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
- Graduated Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, LaSiD, UFRN, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
- Graduated Program in Health Sciences, LaSiD, UFRN, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Francisco H Xavier-Júnior
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Renata Rutckeviski
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Andreza R V Morais
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Éverton N Alencar
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Teresa R F Dantas
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Ana K M Cruz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho-3000-Lagoa Nova, Natal 59064-741, Brazil.
| | - Julieta Genre
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Arnóbio A da Silva-Junior
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology Laboratory (TecBioFar), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal-RN 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Matheus F F Pedrosa
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology Laboratory (TecBioFar), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal-RN 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Hugo A O Rocha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho-3000-Lagoa Nova, Natal 59064-741, Brazil.
| | - Eryvaldo S T Egito
- Disperse Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petropolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
- Graduated Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, LaSiD, UFRN, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
- Graduated Program in Health Sciences, LaSiD, UFRN, Av. General Gustavo de Cordeiro-SN-Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, Brazil.
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16
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Amirnia M, Mahmoudi SS, Karkon-Shayan F, Alikhah H, Piri R, Naghavi-Behzad M, Ranjkesh MR. Comparative study of intralesional steroid injection and cryotherapy in alopecia areata. Niger Med J 2016; 56:249-52. [PMID: 26759508 PMCID: PMC4697211 DOI: 10.4103/0300-1652.165034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common, non-scarring type of hair loss, affecting approximately 2.1% of the population, many modality of treatment recommended like steroid injection, topical Immunotherapy and several systemic therapies. The aim of this study was to compare intralesional steroid injection and cryotherapyoutcomes in AA. Materials and Methods: In an analytical-descriptive study, 120 AA patients treated with intralesionalsteroid injection and 120 AA patients treated with cryotherapy were randomly selected. These two groups matched for location, duration and size of lesion and also matched for age and gender. From March 2011 to September 2013, the effect and complications of the therapies after 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks were assessed and results were compared between the two groups. Results: Mean age of patients in steroid injection group was 30.2 ± 6.8 and in cryotherapy group was 31.8 ± 7.1. Sexual distribution in both groups was 56.7% and 43.3 % for male and female, respectively. Location of disease in 80% was in scalp and 20% was in face in both groups. The time of beginning response in steroid group was 4.13 ± 2.13 weeks and in cryotherapy group was 6.14 ± 0.29 weeks, difference between two groups was significant (P = 0.001). In term of clinical response at the end of study, in steroid group,20 patients (16.7%) no response, 32 patients (26.7%), moderate response and68 patients (56.7%) had a complete response, and also in cryotherapy group was, 52 patients (43.3%) no response, 40 patients (33.3%) moderate response and 28 patients (23.3%) had a complete response. There was significant different in complete response rate and steroid injection was more effective than cryotherapy(P < 0.05). Conclusion: As the cryotherapy isa considerable treatment of AA, alsothis study proposes intralesional injection of corticosteroid, as a replacement of AA therapy; particularly the short-term complications are not significantly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Amirnia
- Department of Dermatology, Sina Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed-Sajjad Mahmoudi
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farid Karkon-Shayan
- Students' Research Committee, Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Alikhah
- Medical Education Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Piri
- Medical Philosophy and History Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naghavi-Behzad
- Medical Philosophy and History Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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17
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Moghimipour E, Salimi A, Karami M, Isazadeh S. Preparation and characterization of dexamethasone microemulsion based on pseudoternary phase diagram. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2013; 8:105-12. [PMID: 24624198 PMCID: PMC3941903 DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-9373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increased incidence of inflammatory diseases has necessitated the need to search for new topical dosage form of dexamethasone. Objectives The purpose of the present study was the preparation and evaluation of novel microemulsion as a topical delivery system for dexamethasone by mixing appropriate amount of surfactant including Tween 80 and Labrasol, cosurfactant such as capryol 90 and oil phase including labrafac lipophile wl-transcutol P (10:1 ratio). Materials and Methods The prepared microemulsions were evaluated regarding their particle size, zeta potential, X-Ray scattering, conductivity, stability, viscosity, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), refractory index (RI), pH, and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Results The results showed that the maximum oil was incorporated in microemulsion system that contained surfactant to cosurfactant ratio of 4:1. The mean droplet size range of microemulsion formulation was in the range of 5.09 to 159 nm, and its refractory index (RI) and pH were 1.44 and 7, respectively. Viscosity range was 57-226 cps. Drug release profile showed that 48.18% of the drug released in the 24 hours of experiment. Also, Hexagonal, cubic and lamellar structures were seen in the SEM photograph and XRD peak of microemulsions. Conclusions This study demonstrated that physicochemical properties and in vitro release were dependent upon the contents of S/C, water, and oil percentage in formulations. SAXS technique and SEM obtained important information about microstructure of microemulsions. W/O and bicontinuous microemulsion with different microstructures were found in formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Moghimipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran ; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran ; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Masoud Karami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Sara Isazadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
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18
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Sakr FM, Gado AM, Mohammed HR, Adam ANI. Preparation and evaluation of a multimodal minoxidil microemulsion versus minoxidil alone in the treatment of androgenic alopecia of mixed etiology: a pilot study. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2013; 7:413-23. [PMID: 23807837 PMCID: PMC3686323 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s43481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: The variable success of topical minoxidil in the treatment of androgenic alopecia has led to the
hypothesis that other pathways could mediate this form of hair loss, including infection and/or
microinflammation of the hair follicles. In this study, we prepared a multimodal microemulsion
comprising minoxidil (a dihydrotestosterone antagonist), diclofenac (a nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory agent), and tea tree oil (an anti-infective agent). We investigated the stability
and physicochemical properties of this formulation, and its therapeutic efficacy compared with a
formulation containing minoxidil alone in the treatment of androgenic alopecia. Methods: We developed a multimodal oil/water (o/w) microemulsion, a formulation containing minoxidil
alone, and another containing vehicle. A three-phase diagram was constructed to obtain the optimal
concentrations of the selected oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant. Thirty-two men aged 18–30
years were randomized to apply 1 mL of microemulsion containing the multimodal formulation
(formulation A, n = 11), minoxidil alone (formulation B, n = 11) or placebo
(formulation C, n = 10) twice daily to the affected area for 32 weeks. Efficacy was
evaluated by mean hair count, thickness, and weight on the targeted area of the scalp. Global
photographs were taken, changes in the area of scalp coverage were assessed by patients and external
investigators, and the benefits and safety of the study medications were evaluated. The physical
stability of formula A was examined after a shelf storage period of 24 months. Results: Formulation A achieved a significantly superior response than formulations B and C in terms of
mean hair count (P < 0.001), mean hair weight (P <
0.001), and mean hair thickness (P < 0.05). A patient self-assessment
questionnaire demonstrated that the multimodal minoxidil formulation significantly
(P < 0.001) slowed hair loss, increased hair growth, and improved
appearance, and showed no appreciable side effects, such as itching and/or inflammation of the scalp
compared with the minoxidil alone and placebo formulations. These improvements were in agreement
with the photographic assessments made by the investigators. Formula A was shown to be an o/w
formulation with consistent pH, viscosity, specific gravity, and homogeneity, and was physically
stable after 24 months of normal storage. Conclusion: A multimodal microemulsion comprising minoxidil, diclofenac, and tea tree oil was significantly
superior to minoxidil alone and placebo in terms of stability, safety, and efficacy, and achieved an
earlier response in the treatment of androgenic alopecia compared with minoxidil alone in this
32-week pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk M Sakr
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Moghimipour E, Salimi A, Eftekhari S. Design and characterization of microemulsion systems for naproxen. Adv Pharm Bull 2013; 3:63-71. [PMID: 24312814 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2013.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This research was aimed to formulate and characterize a microemolsion systems as a topical delivery system of naproxen for relief of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and treatment of dysmenorrheal. METHODS ME formulations prepared by mixing of appropriate amount of surfactant including Tween 80 and Span 80, co-surfactant such as propylene glycol (PG) and oil phase including Labrafac PG - transcutol P (10:1 ratio). The prepared microemolsions were evaluated regarding their particle size, zeta potential, conductivity, stability, viscosity, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), refractory index (RI) and pH. RESULTS The mean droplets size of microemulsion formulation were in the range of 7.03 to 79.8 nm, and its refractory index (RI) and pH were 1.45 and 6.75, respectively. Viscosity range was 253.73- 802.63cps. Drug release profile showed that 26.15% of the drug released in the first 24 hours of experiment. Also, Hexagonal and bicontinuous structures were seen in the SEM photograph of the microemulsions. CONCLUSION characterization, physicochemical properties and in vitro release were dependent upon the contents of S/C ratio, water and, oil phase percentage in formulations. Also, ME-6 may be preferable for topical naproxen formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Moghimipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Mortazavi SA, Pishrochi S, Jafari azar Z. Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Tretinoin Microemulsion as a Potential Carrier for Dermal Drug Delivery. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2013; 12:599-609. [PMID: 24523740 PMCID: PMC3920698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, tretinoin microemulsion has been formulated based on phase diagram studies by changing the amounts and proportions of inactive ingredients, such as surfactants, co-surfactants and oils. The effects of these variables have been determined on microemulsion formation, particle size of the dispersed phase and release profile of tretinoin from microemulsion through dialysis membrane. In released studies, static Franz diffusion cells mounted with dialysis membrane were used. Sampling was conducted every 3 h at room temperature over a period of 24 h. The amount of released drug was measured with UV-spectrophotometer and the percentage of drug released was calculated. Based on the results obtained, the oil phase concentration had a proportional effect on particle size which can consequently influence on drug release. The particle size and the amount of released drug were affected by the applied surfactants. The components of the optimized microemulsion formulation were 15% olive oil, 12% propylene glycol (as co-surfactant), 33% Tween(®)80 (as surfactant) and 40% distilled water, which was tested for viscosity and rheological behavior. The prepared tretinoin microemulsion showed pseudoplastic-thixotropic behavior. The profile of drug release follows zero order kinetics. The optimized tretinoin microemulsion showed enhanced in-vitro release profile compared to the commercial gels and creams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Alireza Mortazavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Pishrochi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Jafari azar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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