1
|
Yamanaka R, Hayano A, Kanayama T. Radiation-induced gliomas: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Rev 2016; 41:719-731. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-016-0786-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
2
|
Yamanaka R, Hayano A. Secondary glioma following acute lymphocytic leukemia: therapeutic implications. Neurosurg Rev 2016; 40:549-557. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-016-0733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Elsamadicy AA, Babu R, Kirkpatrick JP, Adamson DC. Radiation-Induced Malignant Gliomas: A Current Review. World Neurosurg 2015; 83:530-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
4
|
Tsutsumi S, Yasumoto Y, Ito M. Pediatric multicentric glioma occurring after cranial irradiation. J Clin Neurosci 2009; 16:1086-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2008.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
5
|
Pettorini BL, Park YS, Caldarelli M, Massimi L, Tamburrini G, Di Rocco C. Radiation-induced brain tumours after central nervous system irradiation in childhood: a review. Childs Nerv Syst 2008; 24:793-805. [PMID: 18392837 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-008-0631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTS Radiation-induced cerebral tumours constitute a significant risk for subjects undergoing radiotherapy for the management of cerebral neoplasms. Age-related cerebral vulnerability could be a specific factor in the genesis of these complications. METHODS The pertinent literature of both paediatric and adult series has been reviewed. Three personal cases were added. RESULTS One hundred forty-two paediatric second brain tumours were evaluated. Out of them, 69 were malignant gliomas, 33 meningiomas, 8 sarcomatous lesions and 13 low-grade astrocytomas. The average latency period for the appearance of the second tumour was 8 years. Among the second tumours occurring in adults, meningioma is the most common. In this subgroup, the latency period ranged between 16 and 30 years. CONCLUSION Paediatric radiation-induced brain tumours differ from the adult counterpart for both the histological subtypes. These figures indicate a specific vulnerability of the infantile brain demonstrated by the most frequent occurrence of highly malignant lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Ludovica Pettorini
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Division of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Rome, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salvati M, D'Elia A, Melone GA, Brogna C, Frati A, Raco A, Delfini R. Radio-induced gliomas: 20-year experience and critical review of the pathology. J Neurooncol 2008; 89:169-77. [PMID: 18566750 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Salvati
- Department of Neurosurgery, INM Neuromed IRCCS, Pozzilli, Is, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Paulino AC, Mai WY, Chintagumpala M, Taher A, Teh BS. Radiation-induced malignant gliomas: is there a role for reirradiation? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 71:1381-7. [PMID: 18262733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Revised: 10/16/2007] [Accepted: 12/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the literature regarding the role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of patients with radiation-induced malignant gliomas (RIMGs). METHODS AND MATERIALS A PubMed search of English-language articles dealing with RIMG was performed, yielding 52 articles with 92 patients available for review. RESULTS Initial tumor types treated with RT included brain tumor in 37 patients (40%), acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 33 (36%), benign disease in 11 (12%), and other in 11 (12%). Median time from RT to development of an RIMG was 8.75 years (range, 2.5-61 years). The RIMG occurred within 10 years after RT in 81% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, 59% of patients with brain/other, and 18% of patients with benign conditions (p = 0.002). Type of RIMG was glioblastoma in 69 (75%) and anaplastic astrocytoma in 23 (25%). One-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 29.3%, 7.3%, and 0% for patients with glioblastoma and 59.7%, 30.3%, and 20.2% for patients with anaplastic astrocytoma. For the 85 patients with data regarding treatment for RIMG, 35 underwent reirradiation to a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 30-76 Gy). For patients undergoing reirradiation, 1-, 2- and 5-year overall survival rates were 58.9%, 20.5%, and 6.8%. For those not undergoing reirradiation, they were 15.1%, 3%, and 0% (p = 0.0009). CONCLUSIONS The RIMG appeared earlier in patients treated for leukemia and lymphoma and latest for those treated for a benign condition. Patients who underwent reirradiation for RIMG have longer survival times compared with those not receiving RT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnold C Paulino
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salvati M, Frati A, Russo N, Caroli E, Polli FM, Minniti G, Delfini R. Radiation-induced gliomas: report of 10 cases and review of the literature. SURGICAL NEUROLOGY 2003; 60:60-7; discussion 67. [PMID: 12865017 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-3019(03)00137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy and more recently radiosurgery represent important therapeutic methods for the treatment of tumors and arterovenous malformations affecting the central nervous system, even though several significant side-effects have been described (radionecrosis, tumors, etc.). Gliomas induced by radiation therapy are decidedly unusual, and the first descriptions of this association only appeared in the 1960s. METHODS The pertinent literature was reviewed to yield 116 cases in which a glioma developed after radiotherapy for cranial pathologies (included 10 personal cases treated in our Institution). One of our patients had undergone radiosurgery for a cavernous angioma. RESULTS Patients who developed a radiation-induced glioma were younger, as a group, than those affected with so-called "spontaneous" gliomas. The tumor originated in the previously irradiated area, after average doses of 32 Gy and an average latency period of 9.6 years in accordance with the findings reported by the authors and in our experience as well. Radiotherapy had most frequently been performed for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Our Case 10 is the fourth case of intracranial tumor arising after radiosurgery to be described in the literature. CONCLUSIONS Though rare, gliomas may represent a late complication of radiation treatment. The behavior of the radiation-induced variety of glioma does not seem to differ significantly from that of its "spontaneous" counterpart. Late complications of the radiosurgery are probably underestimated because of the relatively recent introduction of this technique. On the contrary, these should be scrupulously evaluated when deciding whether to employ this method for therapeutic purposes for relatively benign or congenital lesions (which generally affect young patients with a long life expectancy).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Salvati
- Department of Neurosurgery-INM Neuromed, Pozzilli (Is), University of Rome La Sapienza, Via Cardinal Agliardi 15, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
✓ The question has been raised recently whether gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) can induce secondary neoplasia. Because there is little or no detailed knowledge about this potential complication, background information culled from the radiotherapy literature is reviewed as a guide to the clinical situations in which radiotherapy may induce secondary neoplastic change. Available case reports are then reviewed and discussed against the background of the current knowledge. On the basis of the review, the following suggestions are proposed on how to limiting the extent of this complication, document its frequency, and inform patients. It should be remembered that: the benefits of GKS are great; its alternatives also have risks; there often are no alternatives to GKS; follow-up documentation should be pursued more actively so that, if possible, no patient falls through the net; practitioners should be proactive in defining the problem, and genetic analysis of tumor biopsy specimens obtained in patients who will undergo or have undergone GKS should become routine; the extent of secondary neoplasia is not known; and patient information should be guided by what is known rather than by what is feared.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaschten B, Flandroy P, Reznik M, Hainaut H, Stevenaert A. Radiation-induced gliosarcoma. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg 1995; 83:154-62. [PMID: 7782835 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1995.83.1.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A 13-year-old boy presented with a cerebral gliosarcoma 12 years after having acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated by chemotherapy and central nervous system prophylaxis treated by radiation therapy (24 Gy) and intrathecal methotrexate. A review of the literature disclosed 129 possible radiation-induced gliomatous and/or sarcomatous brain tumors: namely, 89 gliomas, 36 sarcomas, and four gliosarcomas, including the present case. An analysis of these cases revealed several characteristics that differentiate them from similar spontaneous brain tumors, thus providing arguments for the carcinogenic effect of radiation therapy on intracranial tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Kaschten
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, University of Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brüstle O, Ohgaki H, Schmitt HP, Walter GF, Ostertag H, Kleihues P. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors after prophylactic central nervous system irradiation in children. Association with an activated K-ras gene. Cancer 1992; 69:2385-92. [PMID: 1314130 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19920501)69:9<2385::aid-cncr2820690929>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Three patients had supratentorial malignant brain tumors 7 to 9 years after prophylactic central nervous system (CNS) treatment for acute lymphocytic leukemia or malignant T-cell lymphoma. Therapy was administered at the age of 3 to 8 years and included cranial irradiation (total dose, 1800 to 2400 cGy) and intrathecal methotrexate. The brain tumors had histologic and immunohistochemical features of primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET), including neuroblastic rosettes, rhythmic arrangement of tumor cells, and immunohistochemical expression of glial, and in one patient neuronal, marker proteins. Using polymerase chain reaction-mediated DNA amplification from paraffin-embedded tissues and subsequent DNA sequence analysis, an activating point mutation was detected in the K-ras protooncogene in one tumor. This mutation was a G to A transition in position 2 of codon 12, substituting aspartate (GAT) for glycine (GGT). This type of mutation has not been observed before in human brain tumors, but it is frequent in radiation-induced murine lymphomas. These observations suggest that PNET can be induced after completion of the embryonal and fetal development of the human CNS. Oncogene-activating point mutations may represent a pathogenetic mechanism involved in the genesis of radiation-induced brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Brüstle
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vowels MR, Tobias V, Mameghan H. Second intracranial neoplasms following treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. J Paediatr Child Health 1991; 27:43-6. [PMID: 2043390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1991.tb00344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a boy with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treated with chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation to a dose of 24 Gy. Six years after diagnosis he developed a glioma and died. Prior to 1979, four cases of second malignant neoplasm (SMN) of the brain had been reported in children treated for ALL. These SMNs occurred within 2 years of the original diagnosis (median 1.3 years) and at least two of four patients had not received prior radiotherapy. Since 1979, 28 cases of SMN of the brain have been reported including nine of 468 (1.9%) long-term survivors in one study. All occurred more than 3.7 years from diagnosis (median 6.5 years; range 4-13 years) and all received cranial irradiation (median 24 Gy; range 20-48 Gy). These data indicate a change in the pattern of SMNs which is most likely due to the introduction of cranial irradiation. As well, the frequency of SMNs in children treated for ALL appears to have increased, although it is still no greater than the risk of SMNs developing following the treatment of any other primary childhood neoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Vowels
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Prince of Wales Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Radiation-induced gliomas are uncommon, with only 73 cases on record to date. The disease that most frequently occasioned radiation therapy has been acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Three more cases are added here, two after irradiation for ALL and one after irradiation for tinea capitis. In a review of the relevant literature, the authors stress the possibility that the ALL-glioma and the retinoblastoma-glioma links point to syndromes in their own right that may occur without radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Salvati
- Department of Neurological Sciences-Neurosurgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Cavin LW, Dalrymple GV, McGuire EL, Maners AW, Broadwater JR. CNS tumor induction by radiotherapy: a report of four new cases and estimate of dose required. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1990; 18:399-406. [PMID: 2137438 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(90)90107-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have analyzed 60 cases of intra-axial brain tumors associated with antecedent radiation therapy. These include four new cases. The patients had originally received radiation therapy for three reasons: (a) cranial irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), (b) definitive treatment of CNS neoplasia, and (c) treatment of benign disease (mostly cutaneous infections). The number of cases reported during the past decade has greatly increased as compared to previous years. Forty-six of the 60 intra-axial tumors have been reported since 1978. The relative risk of induction of an intra-axial brain tumor by radiation therapy is estimated to be more than 100, as compared to individuals who have not had head irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L W Cavin
- Nuclear Medicine Service, John L. McClellan Veterans Administration Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kitanaka C, Shitara N, Nakagomi T, Nakamura H, Genka S, Nakagawa K, Akanuma A, Aoyama H, Takakura K. Postradiation astrocytoma. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg 1989; 70:469-74. [PMID: 2536806 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1989.70.3.0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe two cases of malignant astrocytomas associated with previous radiation therapy in childhood for intracranial germinoma and craniopharyngioma. In both patients, there was no recurrence at the primary tumor site. Because of a geometric coincidence between the tumor location and the radiation field, radiotherapy was strongly implicated as a cause of these two astrocytomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Kitanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Increasing numbers of childhood ALL survivors have increased the need to assess the physical and psychosocial functioning of this group in a careful manner. This article reviews data on the frequency and types of second malignancies, structural and functional changes in the central nervous system, endocrine effects on growth and reproduction, and psychosocial aspects of development. Most long-term survivors of ALL do not have serious or life-threatening medical problems; however, medical and psychosocial problems may not be insignificant and may require coordinated management over prolonged periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ochs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis College of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rimm IJ, Li FC, Tarbell NJ, Winston KR, Sallan SE. Brain tumors after cranial irradiation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A 13-year experience from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Children's Hospital. Cancer 1987; 59:1506-8. [PMID: 3545441 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19870415)59:8<1506::aid-cncr2820590819>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors developed in two children after they had received cranial irradiation as central nervous system therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A review of the literature demonstrated an increased incidence of brain tumors in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received central nervous system irradiation. Most of the brain tumors occurred within a decade after radiotherapy. Further data will be required to determine whether early post-radiation brain tumors in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are due to the central nervous system irradiation or to a genetic predisposition.
Collapse
|