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Towards Sustainable Sources of Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Northern Australian Tropical Crossbred Beef Steers through Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Lipogenic Genes for Meat Eating Quality. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in lipogenic genes of northern Australian tropically adapted crossbred beef cattle and to evaluate associations with healthy lipid traits of the Longissimus dorsi (loin eye) muscle. The hypothesis tested was that there are significant associations between SNP loci encoding for the fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) genes and human health beneficial omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 LC-PUFA) within the loin eye muscle of northern Australian crossbred beef cattle. Brahman, Charbray, and Droughtmaster crossbred steers were fed on Rhodes grass hay augmented with desmanthus, lucerne, or both, for 140 days and the loin eye muscle sampled for intramuscular fat (IMF), fat melting point (FMP), and fatty acid composition. Polymorphisms in FABP4, SCD, and FASN genes with significant effects on lipid traits were identified with next-generation sequencing. The GG genotype at the FABP4 g.44677239C>G locus was associated with higher proportion of linoleic acid than the CC and CG genotypes (p < 0.05). Multiple comparisons of genotypes at the SCD g.21266629G>T locus indicated that the TT genotype had significantly higher eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids than GG genotype (p < 0.05). Significant correlations (p < 0.05) between FASN SNP and IMF, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were observed. These results provide insights into the contribution of lipogenic genes to intramuscular fat deposition and SNP marker-assisted selection for improvement of meat-eating quality, with emphasis on alternate and sustainable sources of ω3 LC-PUFA, in northern Australian tropical crossbred beef cattle, hence an acceptance of the tested hypothesis.
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Van-Ba H, Dong-Heon S, Kuk-Hwan S, Sun-Moon K, Hyun-Wook K, Soo-Hyun C. Half-castration as a newly effective method for increasing meat yield and tenderness of male cattle. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1258-1269. [PMID: 35073658 PMCID: PMC9262720 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective For improving meat quality especially tenderness, male cattle are usually castrated to removes both the testicles. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect castration method (half- and complete-castration) on meat yield and quality characteristics of Hanwoo male cattle. Methods Thirty-two similar age (5.9 months) Hanwoo male calves were divided into: half-castration (HC) and complete-castration (CC) groups (n = 16 per group). At 7 months of age, all the animals were castrated in which the HC calves had only one testicle surgically removed while, the CC calves had both testicles surgically removed. The castrated animals were reared under identical conditions until 25 months of age. After slaughter, the carcasses were evaluated for carcass traits and meat yield of primal cuts. For examination of the castration effect on meat quality, L. lumborum and semimembranosus muscles were used. The meat samples were analyzed for chemical composition, color, pH, shear force and water holding capacity, fatty acids, metabolites and volatile aroma compounds. Results The HC group showed higher meat yields of all primal cuts (p<0.05). As a result, the total meat yield was higher by approximately 44 kg in the HC group (303.32 kg, corresponding to 67.88%) compared to the CC group (259.30 kg, corresponding to 62.11%) (p< 0.05). In terms of meat quality, the HC resulted in two times greater fat content in both muscles examined compared to intact males. More importantly, the shear force values did not differ between HC and CC groups for L. lumborum muscles (p>0.05). The meat from HC animals exhibited higher amount of free amino acids associated with sweetness (p< 0.05). Furthermore, the castration method only exhibited a negligible effect on metabolites and volatile aroma compounds in the cooked meat. Conclusion Half-castration emerged as an alternative practice to be used for increasing the yield and tenderness of male cattle meat.
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Kim S, Lee YM, Kim DH, Ha JJ, Yi JK, Kim DH, Oh D, Han K. Investigation of high correlation with carcass traits of SNPs of the PLCB1, C/EBPα, and TDRKH genes and the combinations of SNPs using the MDR method in the Hanwoo. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:961-973. [PMID: 34129193 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, many researchers focus on the best way to produce high-quality meat, as the trend in food consumption today is to focus on quality. In general, consumers' preferences in beef differ depending on taste and meatiness. Therefore, researchers are interested in how the marbling score affects the flavors of meat or the various factors that make up the meatiness to captivate the consumers' tastes. OBJECTIVE This study identifies single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or gene combinations that affect the carcass traits of Korean cattle (Hanwoo) by using the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. METHODS We collected the candidate SNPs to identify SNPs related to marbling scores from whole-exome sequencing and bovine SNP genotyping data. Using 96 Hanwoo samples, we performed PCR amplification to investigate the polymorphism status. In addition, we investigated genetic relationships between carcass traits and SNPs using 612 Hanwoo samples. Furthermore, each candidate SNP genotype and the combinations of SNP genotypes were verified to improve the accuracy of genetic relationships using MDR method. RESULTS Twenty-four candidate SNPs associated with carcass trait and marbling scores were identified from SNP genotyping and whole-exome sequencing. Among them, three SNP markers (c.459 T > C of the PLCB1 gene, c.271 A > C of the C/EBPα gene, and g.17257 A > G of the TDRKH gene) were showed statistically significant differences between intramuscular fat and genotypes. Especially, two candidate SNPs, including c.459 T > C located in the PLCB1 gene and c.271 A > C located in the C/EBPα gene, could be highly associated with the intramuscular fat of Hanwoo quality grade. In addition, the combination of SNP genotypes is showed higher significant differences with carcass weight, backfat thickness, and longissimus dorsi muscle area. CONCLUSION Three SNP genotypes and the combination of SNP genotypes in the PLCB1, C/EBPα, and TDRKH genes may be useful genetic markers for improving beef quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songmi Kim
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan-si, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan-si, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jung Ha
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 36052, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Koo Yi
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 36052, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 36052, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyep Oh
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 36052, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyudong Han
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, 31116, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Mwangi FW, Charmley E, Gardiner CP, Malau-Aduli BS, Kinobe RT, Malau-Aduli AEO. Diet and Genetics Influence Beef Cattle Performance and Meat Quality Characteristics. Foods 2019; 8:E648. [PMID: 31817572 PMCID: PMC6963535 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive review of the impact of tropical pasture grazing, nutritional supplementation during feedlot finishing and fat metabolism-related genes on beef cattle performance and meat-eating traits is presented. Grazing beef cattle on low quality tropical forages with less than 5.6% crude protein, 10% soluble starches and 55% digestibility experience liveweight loss. However, backgrounding beef cattle on high quality leguminous forages and feedlot finishing on high-energy diets increase meat flavour, tenderness and juiciness due to improved intramuscular fat deposition and enhanced mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. This paper also reviews the roles of stearoyl-CoA desaturase, fatty acid binding protein 4 and fatty acid synthase genes and correlations with meat traits. The review argues that backgrounding of beef cattle on Desmanthus, an environmentally well-adapted and vigorous tropical legume that can persistently survive under harsh tropical and subtropical conditions, has the potential to improve animal performance. It also identifies existing knowledge gaps and research opportunities in nutrition-genetics interactions aimed at a greater understanding of grazing nutrition, feedlot finishing performance, and carcass traits of northern Australian tropical beef cattle to enable red meat industry players to work on marbling, juiciness, tenderness and overall meat-eating characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felista W. Mwangi
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Edward Charmley
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Mail Bag Aitkenvale, Australian Tropical Sciences and Innovation Precinct, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Christopher P. Gardiner
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Robert T. Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Aduli E. O. Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
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Raza SHA, Gui L, Khan R, Schreurs NM, Xiaoyu W, Wu S, Mei C, Wang L, Ma X, Wei D, Guo H, Zhang S, Wang X, Kaleri HA, Zan L. Association between FASN gene polymorphisms ultrasound carcass traits and intramuscular fat in Qinchuan cattle. Gene 2017; 645:55-59. [PMID: 29273553 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is an enzyme involved with fat deposition and fatty acid composition in cattle. This study was conducted to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the FASN gene and explore their relationships with ultrasound carcass traits in order to assess the potential use of the FASN gene for the breeding selection of Qinchuan cattle for desirable carcass traits. The frequencies of SNP g.12740C>T, g.13192T>C and g.13232C>T were identified in 525 individual Qinchuan cattle which were also assessed for backfat depth, eye muscle area and intramuscular fat by ultrasound. According to the PIC values, g.13192T>C possessed an intermediate polymorphism (0.25<PIC<0.5). The SNPs of g.13232C>T, g.12740C>T possessed low polymorphism (PIC<0.25). Chi-square tests showed that g.13192T>C were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (c2<c0.052). Two SNPs were found to be associated with variation in ultrasound carcass traits. The H2H2 diplotypes had a greater back fat depth than H1H1, H1H4 and H1H2 (P<0.01). The TT genotype at g.13192T>C was associated with a greater eye muscle area and the TT genotype at g.13232C>T was associated with greater intramuscular fat. When these genotypes were combined there was no difference in eye muscle area and intramuscular fat between the diplotypes. The H2H2 diplotype was associated with carcass traits that are likely to provide economic advantage in Qinchuan cattle. Variations in the FASN genes and their corresponding genotypes may be considered as molecular markers for economic traits in cattle breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center of Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Nicola M Schreurs
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wang Xiaoyu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Sen Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Chugang Mei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xueyao Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Dawei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hongfang Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Song Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xingping Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hubdar Ali Kaleri
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center of Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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