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Silva FJS, Lima Júnior DM, Fernandes BDO, Souza AP, Alves SP, Bessa RJB, Carvalho FFR, Medeiros AN. Effect of coconut processing by-product graded feeding on carcass traits and meat quality of lambs. Meat Sci 2024; 216:109553. [PMID: 38876041 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The inclusion of by-product coconut mesocarp skins (CMS) in diets was evaluated in feedlot lambs. The objective of this study was to evaluate CMS levels effects on carcass traits and meat quality of lambs. Thirty-five male lambs with an initial body weight of 16.9 ± 2.93 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with five CMS levels in total dry matter (0; 4.8; 9.6; 14.4 and 19.2%) and fed during 71 d until slaughter. High levels of CMS decreased the intake of dry matter and negatively affected the performance of lambs. Fat and protein contents of Longissimus lumborum muscle (P < 0.05) and the saturated fatty acid (FA) decreased (P < 0.001) whereas polyunsaturated FA increased (P < 0.01) with the inclusion of CMS. The ratio t10/t11-18:1 increased with the inclusion of CMS (P < 0.001). The instrumental color descriptors were unaffected by CMS levels. According to the effects on the investigated meat quality traits we recommend up to 4.8% CMS in diets of confined lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J S Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, PB 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Dorgival M Lima Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D O Fernandes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, PB 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Anaiane P Souza
- Institute of Studies of the Humid Tropic, Federal University of the South and Southeast of Para, Xinguara, PA 68555-251, Brazil
| | - Susana P Alves
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-017 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui J B Bessa
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-017 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco F R Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Ariosvaldo N Medeiros
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, PB 58397-000, Brazil.
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Adiwinarti R, Rianto E, Purbowati E, Restitrisnani V, Purnomoadi A. Comparative feed management system in sheep fed different physical forms of ration containing Ipomoea aquatica on the performance, rumen characteristics, and chewing activity. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:677-684. [PMID: 38370891 PMCID: PMC10868691 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the effectiveness of different physical forms of feed containing Ipomoea aquatica waste and concentrate feed on the rumen characteristics, chewing activity, and performance of sheep. Materials and Methods Twenty-four rams (19.87 ± 2.19 kg) were arranged in a completely randomized design. Rams were fed dried I. aquatica waste and concentrate feed provided separately (RCF) (conventional feeding system), and total mixed ration consisted of mash complete feed (MCF), and pelleted complete feed (PCF). The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance. Results The dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of rams fed different physical forms of feed containing I. aquatica waste in their diet were similar between the treatments, ranging from 4.08% to 4.29% of body weight, 120-180 gm, and 6.32-9.17, respectively. Different physical feeds did not affect microbial synthesis in the rumen. Methane emissions per unit of production were similar between the groups. The PCF sheep ate faster (0.24 min/gm DMI) than the MCF sheep (0.38 min/gm DMI), but similar to the RCF sheep (0.31 min/gm DMI). Conclusion Dried I. aquatica waste was useful as an alternative lamb feed roughage during the dry season. The pelleted mixed ration was more efficient than mash in increasing DMI. The dried I. aquatica waste was environmentally friendly for mitigating enteric methane emissions by sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retno Adiwinarti
- Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Edy Rianto
- Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Endang Purbowati
- Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Vita Restitrisnani
- Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Agung Purnomoadi
- Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
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Silva MLF, de Carvalho GGP, da Silva FF, Santos LV, Santos MDC, da Silva APG, Danieleto AS, Mandinga TDCS, Paixão TR, de Lima Júnior DM, Silva RR. Effect of dietary inclusion of licuri cake on intake, feeding behavior, and performance of feedlot cull cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:262. [PMID: 35953733 PMCID: PMC9371959 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Licuri cake (LC) is an interesting alternative nutritional component for high-grain diets for ruminants due to its high protein (21.6% CP), fat (12.0% EE), and fiber (62.8% NDF) contents. We investigated the effect of increasing levels of LC inclusion on the intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, performance, and carcass traits of cull cows fed high-grain diets. Forty Zebu cows with an initial weight of 318 ± 38.1 kg, at 105 months of age, were confined in collective stalls and fed (ad libitum) a diet containing 0, 50, 100, or 150 g/kg LC on a diet dry matter (DM) basis. Licuri cake inclusion induced quadratic responses (P < 0.05) in the intakes of DM (9.57 kg/day at 97.8 g/kg LC), crude protein (CP; 1.02 kg/day at 91.7 g/kg LC), and total digestible nutrients (6.68 kg/day at 75.2 g/kg LC). The digestibility of DM, CP, and non-fibrous carbohydrates decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake and rumination efficiencies increased linearly (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of LC in the diet. The inclusion of LC did not influence (P > 0.05) on daily weight gain, hot carcass weight, or back fat thickness in the carcass. Therefore, we recommend the inclusion of up to 150 g/kg LC in high-grain diets for feedlot cull cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, 59625-900, Brazil.
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Emerging Lipids from Arecaceae Palm Fruits in Brazil. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134188. [PMID: 35807433 PMCID: PMC9268242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arecaceae palm tree fruits (APTFs) with pulp or kernel rich in oil are widely distributed in six Brazilian biomes. APTFs represent a great potential for the sustainable exploitation of products with high added value, but few literature studies have reported their properties and industrial applications. The lack of information leads to underutilization, low consumption, commercialization, and processing of these fruit species. This review presents and discusses the occurrence of 13 APTFs and the composition, physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, and potential applications of their 25 oils and fats. The reported studies showed that the species present different lipid profiles. Multivariate analysis based on principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) indicated a correlation between the composition of pulp and kernel oils. Myristic, caprylic, capric, and lauric acids are the main saturated fatty acids, while oleic acid is the main unsaturated. Carotenoids and phenolic compounds are the main bioactive compounds in APTFs, contributing to their high oxidative stability. The APTFs oils have a potential for use as foods and ingredients in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biofuel industries. However, more studies are still necessary to better understand and exploit these species.
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