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Sun H, Jiang Z, Chen Z, Liu G, Liu Z. Effects of fermented unconventional protein feed on pig production in China. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1446233. [PMID: 39144079 PMCID: PMC11322053 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1446233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Unconventional protein feeds, characterized by low nutritional value, high variability, and poor palatability, have limited their application in swine production. Fermentation technology holds the key to addressing these shortcomings. Given the ban on antibiotics in China, the inferior quality of imported pig breeds, and long-term dependence on imported soybean, the prospects for fermented unconventional protein feeds are promising. This paper delves into the common types of fermented unconventional protein feeds, factors influencing the fermentation process, the mechanisms by which they enhance swine health, and the challenges and prospects of fermented feeds, offering theoretical insights for the future development of the feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Sun
- Cofco Joycome (Jilin) Co., Ltd., Songyuan, China
| | - Zipeng Jiang
- Guangdong VTR Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zexue Liu
- COFCO Wuhan Meat Product Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
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Jia Z, Jin Z, Li M, Zhang X, Peng M, Zhang S, Tan M, Yang Q, Wang W, Sun Y. E2F transcription factor 5, a new regulator in adipogenesis to mediate the role of Krüppel-like factor 7 in chicken preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103728. [PMID: 38688194 PMCID: PMC11077033 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
E2F transcription factor 5 (E2F5) gene is a transcription factor, plays an important role in the development of a variety of cells. E2F5 is expressed in human and mouse adipocytes, but its specific function in adipogenesis is unclear. Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) facilitates proliferation and inhibits differentiation in chicken preadipocytes. Our previous KLF7 chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing analysis revealed a KLF7-binding peak in the 3' flanking region of the E2F5, indicating a regulatory role of KLF7 in this region. In the present study, we investigated E2F5 potential role, the overexpression and knockdown analyses revealed that E2F5 inhibited the differentiation and promoted the proliferation of chicken preadipocytes. Moreover, we identified enhancer activity in the 3' flanking region (nucleotides +22661/+22900) of E2F5 and found that KLF7 overexpression increased E2F5 expression and luciferase activity in this region. Deleting the putative KLF7-binding site eliminated the promoting effect of KLF7 overexpression on E2F5 expression. Further, E2F5 reversed the KLF7-induced decrease in preadipocyte differentiation and increase in preadipocyte proliferation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that KLF7 inhibits differentiation and promotes proliferation in preadipocytes by enhancing E2F5 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiu Jia
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Zhao Jin
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Meiqi Li
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Min Peng
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Ming Tan
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Qingzhu Yang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Yingning Sun
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, China.
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Yao T, Wang C, Liang L, Xiang X, Zhou H, Zhou W, Hou R, Wang T, He L, Bin S, Yin Y, Li T. Effects of fermented sweet potato residue on nutrient digestibility, meat quality, and intestinal microbes in broilers. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:75-86. [PMID: 38737580 PMCID: PMC11087712 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different proportions of dietary fermented sweet potato residue (FSPR) supplementation as a substitute for corn on the nutrient digestibility, meat quality, and intestinal microbes of yellow-feathered broilers. Experiment 1 (force-feeding) evaluated the nutrient composition and digestibility of mixtures with different proportions of sweet potato residue (70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%) before and after fermentation. In Experiment 2 (metabolic growth), a total of 420 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated to 4 groups and fed corn-soybean meal-based diets with 0, 5%, 8%, and 10% FSPR as a substitute for corn. The force-feeding and metabolic growth experiments were performed for 9 and 70 d, respectively. The treatment of 70% sweet potato residue (after fermentation) had the highest levels of crude protein, ether extract, and crude fiber and improved the digestibility of crude protein and amino acids (P < 0.05). Although dietary FSPR supplementation at different levels had no significant effect on growth performance and intestinal morphology, it improved slaughter rate, half-chamber rate, full clearance rate, and meat color, as well as reduced cooking loss in the breast and thigh muscles (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 8% and 10% FSPR increased the serum immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G levels in broilers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 10% FSPR increased the Shannon index and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 and Romboutsia abundances and decreased Sutterella and Megamonas abundances (P < 0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis showed that meat color was positively correlated with Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 (P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with Megamonas (P < 0.05). Collectively, 70% sweet potato residue (after fermentation) had the best nutritional value and nutrient digestibility. Dietary supplementation with 8% to 10% FSPR as a substitute for corn can improve the slaughter performance, meat quality, and intestinal microbe profiles of broilers. Our findings suggest that FSPR has the potential to be used as a substitute for corn-soybean meals to improve the meat quality and intestinal health of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Lifen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Xuan Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ruoxin Hou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liuqin He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shiyu Bin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Xie SS, Shen JJ, Liu Y, Yang ZL, Wang WC, Yang L, Zhu YW. Effects of fermented cottonseed meal inclusions on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and hepatic lipid metabolism of geese during 28-70 d of age. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103702. [PMID: 38652950 PMCID: PMC11063510 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of solid-state fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) inclusion levels on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and hepatic lipid metabolism in geese from 28 to 70 d of age. A total of 288 twenty-eight-d-old male geese were randomly divided into 4 treatments with FCSM levels of 0, 5, 15 and 25% including 0, 22.74, 67.33, 111.27 mg FG/kg diet, respectively. Each treatment contained 6 replicates and 12 birds per replicate. Treatments of FCSM inclusions from 0 to 25% had no effect on growth rate and feed intake in geese during d 28 to 70. The F/G ratio was increased (P < 0.05) in geese fed the diet with 25% FCSM compared with birds fed the diet with 0% FCSM. Treatment with 25% FCSM levels had no effect on the contents of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, but increased (P < 0.05) AST and ALT activities in serum of geese at d 70. Treatment with 25% FCSM increased the contents of FG, HDL-C, TC, C18:2n6, C20:4n6 and PUFA and decreased (P < 0.05) the contents of NEFA, SFA, MUFA in liver compared with treatment of 0% FCSM inclusion. Additionally, treatment with 25% FCSM decreased (P < 0.05) the PPARα, AMPK, and LXR mRNA expression related to lipid deposition, and increased (P < 0.05) PPARγ and ACC mRNA expression related to lipolysis in liver compared with birds fed the diet with 0% FCSM. Overall, treatment with 0 to 15% FCSM (<=67.33 mg FG/kg diet) had no adverse effects on the growth performance and lipid metabolism of geese. However, treatment fed 25% FCSM (111.27 mg FG/kg diet) decreased feed efficiency and promoted hepatic lipid deposition associated with the alteration of related gene expression in geese at 28 to 70 d of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - J J Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Z L Yang
- Woman Biotechnology Co., LTD, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - W C Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - L Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Y W Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China.
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Zhang Y, Qi S, Fan S, Jin Z, Bao Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Chen G. Comparison of growth performance, meat quality, and blood biochemical indexes of Yangzhou goose under different feeding patterns. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103349. [PMID: 38157788 PMCID: PMC10765298 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The East China region is the main market for the breeding and consumption of meat geese in China, in order to provide data reference for small and medium-sized farms and farmers to choose breeding methods and growth performance. This study selected 300 Yangzhou geese as materials and determined the number of geese in each group according to different modes. The meat quality, blood biochemical indicators, and economic benefits of 4 common feeding methods (Group I: full concentrate feeding; Group II: concentrate feeding in the first stage + 3% fat addition in the later stage; Group III: concentrate feeding + pasture supplementation; Group IV: grazing feeding + concentrate) in East China were analyzed. The results are as follows: The average daily weight gain of Yangzhou geese in Group IV at 5 to 8 wk old was the highest, with the highest feed utilization rate. The body weight at 8 wk old was significantly higher than that of the group III (P < 0.05). The total mortality rate of Group I and II remained at a relatively low level, while the mortality rates of Group III and IV exceeded 17%. The SR, FECR, and FECW of female geese in Groups II, III, and IV were significantly higher than those in Control group I (P < 0.05). Different feeding methods have little effect on the quality of goose breast muscles, while in terms of leg muscles, Group II has the highest binding force, significantly higher than Group I (P < 0.05). The rate of chest muscle loss in group III was significantly higher than that in groups I and II (P < 0.05). However, the pH of leg muscles in groups I, II and III was significantly higher than that in group IV (P < 0.05). Group II has the highest protein and collagen content, and Group I has the highest fat content. Except for the significantly higher histidine content in Groups I And II compared to those in Groups III and IV (P < 0.05), there was almost no significant difference in amino acid content among the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in ALB/GLO content among the 3 groups of Groups II to IV, but they were all significantly higher than those of Group I (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in other indicators among the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of Ca, Cu, Fe, P, Zn, and other elements in the muscles between the groups (P > 0.05). This study solved the problems of slow growth, poor meat performance, and low economic benefits in meat goose breeding, providing theoretical basis and data support for meat goose breeding enterprises and farmers to choose appropriate breeding modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangzong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiming Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu J, Liang S, Qin K, Jia B, Ren Z, Yang X, Yang X. Acer truncatum leaves extract modulates gut microbiota, improves antioxidant capacity, and alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102951. [PMID: 37562124 PMCID: PMC10432845 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the appropriate way of dietary Acer truncatum leaves (ATL) addition, the effect of disease prevention and its mechanism of action. In experiment 1, 192 Arbor Acres broilers were assigned to 4 treatment groups, fed with basal diets containing 2% bran, replacing it with primary and fermented ATL, and additional 0.3% ATL extract to the basal diet for 42 d, respectively. In experiment 2, 144 broilers were assigned to 3 treatment groups for 21-d trial: (1) C-N group, basal diets, and injected with 0.9% (w/v) sterile saline; (2) C-L group, basal diets, and injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS); (3) T-L group, ATL diets and injected with LPS. In experiment 1, ATL significantly decreased the index of abdominal fat at 42 d (P < 0.05). ATL extract had a better ability to improve antioxidant capacity and reduce inflammatory levels among all treatment groups, which significantly decreased the content of MDA in the liver and ileum mucosa at 21 d, and increased the expression of IL-10 and Occludin in jejunal mucosa at 42 d (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, ATL significantly increased the level of T-AOC in the liver, decreased the expression of NF-κB in the jejunal mucosa and ileum mucosa (P < 0.05), and restored LPS-induced the changed level of CAT in jejunal mucosa, the expression of IL-6, Claudin-1, and ZO-1 in jejunal mucosa and IL-1β in ileum mucosa (P < 0.05). Analysis of gut microbiota indicated that ATL enhanced the abundances of Bacteroidota and reduced the proportion of Firmicutes (P < 0.05), and the changed levels of T-AOC in body, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and NF-κB in jejunum mucosa and propionic acid in cecal were associated with gut microbiota. Collectively, our data showed that the extract of ATL had a better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects than primality and fermented. Extraction of ATL modulated intestinal microbiota, and had a protective effect on oxidative stress, inflammation, and intestinal barrier function in broilers challenged with LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongyan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Saisai Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Kailong Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Bingzheng Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Zhouzheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P.R. China.
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Li J, Gao T, Hao Z, Guo X, Zhu B. Anaerobic solid-state fermentation with Bacillus subtilis for digesting free gossypol and improving nutritional quality in cottonseed meal. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1017637. [PMID: 36570163 PMCID: PMC9773203 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1017637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation is an effective method to degrade free-gossypol, which is a toxic substance restricting the utilization of cottonseed meal in animal husbandry. However, there are few researches on the nutritional effect and the change of bacterial community on cottonseed meal fermented with anaerobic solid-state fermentation. This study evaluated the effects of fermentation with Bacillus sp. on gossypol degradation and nutritional quality improvement in cottonseed meal (CM), as well as the changes of bacterial community structure during fermentation. The strains with high activity for digesting free gossypol were screened from high protease-producing strains preserved in the laboratory. Then the strains which had both the gossypol degradation activity and protease producing activity were selected to degrade macromolecular protein and free gossypol in CM. The unsterilized SSF medium was inoculated with 109 CFU/kg Bacillus culture and fermented at room temperature for 14 days. Each group had three parallels. And the effects of anaerobic solid-state fermentation on unsterilized CM was evaluated. Results showed that for the seven strains with high activity for digesting free gossypol and producing protease that were screened, free gossypol content in fermented cottonseed meal (FCM) decreased and acid-soluble protein (ASP) contents increased. Among them, strain M-15 had the best fermentation effect, with the free gossypol degradation rate of 93.46% and acid soluble protein content of 13.26%. M-15 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. During fermentation with M-15, the bacterial diversity in CM was reduced, but not significant and the community structure was simpler significantly. The strain M-15 selected in this experiment reduced the free gossypol content and improved the nutritional quality of CM through anaerobic solid-state fermentation, which can be used for industrial large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Feed Microbial Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
- Hebei Bioinformatic Utilization and Technological Innovation Center for Agricultural Microbes, Baoding, China
| | - Tongguo Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Feed Microbial Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Zhimin Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Bioinformatic Utilization and Technological Innovation Center for Agricultural Microbes, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Feed Microbial Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Baocheng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Feed Microbial Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
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Comparative Analyses of Production Performance, Meat Quality, and Gut Microbial Composition between Two Chinese Goose Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141815. [PMID: 35883362 PMCID: PMC9312094 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Poultry is one of the most frequently consumed meats in the world and plays an important role in the daily life of people. Goose meat is consumed by consumers because it contains a relatively high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Meat quality traits, production performance, and cecal microbiota diversity in two goose breeds (Zi goose and Xianghai flying goose) were evaluated in this study. Understanding these aspects not only provides a reference for the exploration of the relationship between the cecal microbiota and production performance but also guidelines for the human consumption of healthy poultry meat. Abstract Goose meat is consumed by consumers because it contains a relatively high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). This study was conducted to explore the main differences in production performance, breast meat quality traits, and cecal microbiota compositions between the Zi goose (ZG) and Xianghai flying goose (FG). The production performance and breast meat quality trait analyses showed that compared with the ZG, the FG had a higher right breast muscle index, ileum villi height/crypt depth ratio (VH/CD), and cecum fermentation rate (higher short-chain fatty acid (SFCA) concentration); a lower abdominal fat index; a higher proportion of PUFAs; and a lower shear force. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between the cecal microbiota composition and production performance indexes suggested that the genus Faecalibacterium was positively associated with production performance; in contrast, the genus Candidatus Saccharimonas was negatively correlated with production performance; moreover, the Ruminococcus torques group, Parasutterella, and Methanobrevibacter were negatively related to the VH/CD. Taken together, in this particular trial, FG had better production performance, healthier meat quality traits, and better intestinal digestion and absorption capacities than ZG. These results not only provide a useful data reference for the production of healthy geese for human consumption but can also help guide the utilization of goose breed resources.
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