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Gecaj RM, Behluli B, Youngs CR. Validation of Selected MicroRNA Transcriptome Data in the Bovine Corpus Luteum during Early Pregnancy by RT-qPCR. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6620-6632. [PMID: 39057036 PMCID: PMC11275921 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In cattle, the corpus luteum (CL) is pivotal in maintaining early pregnancy by secreting progesterone. To establish pregnancy, the conceptus produces interferon-τ, preventing luteolysis and initiating the transformation of the CL spurium into a CL verum. Although this transformation is tightly regulated, limited data are available on the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) during and after this process. To address this gap, we re-analyzed previously published RNA-Seq data of CL from pregnant cows and regressed CL from non-pregnant cows. This analysis identified 44 differentially expressed miRNAs. From this pool, three miRNAs-bta-miR-222-3p, bta-miR-29c, and bta-miR-2411-3p-were randomly selected for relative quantification. Using bovine ovaries (n = 14) obtained from an abattoir, total RNA (including miRNAs) was extracted and converted to cDNA for RT-qPCR. The results revealed that bta-miR-222-3p was downregulated (p = 0.016) in pregnant females compared to non-pregnant cows with regressed CL. However, no differences in miRNA expression were observed between CL of pregnant and non-pregnant cows for bta-miR-29c (p > 0.32) or bta-miR-2411-3p (p > 0.60). In silico prediction approaches indicated that these miRNAs are involved in pathways regulating pregnancy maintenance, such as the VEGF- and FoxO-signaling pathways. Additionally, their biogenesis is regulated by GABPA and E2F4 transcription factors. The validation of selected miRNA expression in the CL during pregnancy by RT-qPCR provides novel insights that could potentially lead to the identification of biomarkers related to CL physiology and pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rreze M. Gecaj
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Pristina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Behlul Behluli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Curtis R. Youngs
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
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Kasimanickam VR, Kasimanickam RK. Differentially Expressed Candidate miRNAs of Day 16 Bovine Embryos on the Regulation of Pregnancy Establishment in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3052. [PMID: 37835658 PMCID: PMC10571895 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in high-throughput in silico techniques translate experimental data into meaningful biological networks through which the role of individual proteins, interactions, and their biological functions are comprehended. The study objective was to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between the day 16 competent, elongated embryo from normal cows and the day 16 noncompetent, tubular embryos from repeat breeder cows, assimilate DE-miRNAs to their target genes, and group target genes based on biological function using in silico methods. The 84 prioritized bovine-specific miRNAs were investigated by RT-PCR, and the results showed that 19 were differentially expressed (11 up- and 8 down-regulated) in the competent embryos compared to noncompetent ones (p ≤ 0.05; fold regulation ≥ 2 magnitudes). Top-ranked integrated genes of DE-miRNAs predicted various biological and molecular functions, cellular processes, and signaling pathways. Further, analysis of the categorized groups of genes showed association with signaling pathways, turning on or off key genes and transcription factors regulating the development of embryo, placenta, and various organs. In conclusion, highly DE-miRNAs in day 16 bovine conceptus regulated the embryogenesis and pregnancy establishment. The elucidated miRNA-mRNA interactions in this study were mostly based on predictions from public databases. Therefore, the causal regulations of these interactions and mechanisms require further functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanmathy R. Kasimanickam
- Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
- AARVEE Animal Biotech LLC, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Ramanathan K. Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Jain A, Jain T, Mishra GK, Chandrakar K, Mukherjee K, Tiwari SP. Molecular characterization, putative structure and function, and expression profile of OAS1 gene in the endometrium of goats (Capra hircus). Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100760. [PMID: 37023663 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
An interferon-inducible gene, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-1 (OAS1), plays an essential role in uterine receptivity and conceptus development by controlling cell growth and differentiation in addition to anti-viral activities. As OAS1 gene has not yet been studied in caprine (cp), so present study was designed with the aim to amplify, sequence, characterize and in-silico analyze the coding sequence of the cpOAS1. Further, expression profile of cpOAS1 was performed by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot in the endometrium of pregnant and cyclic does. An 890 bp fragment of the cpOAS1 was amplified and sequenced. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences revealed 99.6-72.3% identities with that of ruminants and non-ruminants. A constructed phylogenetic tree revealed that Ovis aries and Capra hircus differ from large ungulates. Various post-translational modifications (PTMs), 21 phosphorylation, two sumoylation, eight cysteines and 14 immunogenic sites were found in the cpOAS1. The domain, OAS1_C, is found in the cpOAS1 which carries anti-viral enzymatic activity, cell growth, and differentiation. Among the interacted proteins with cpOAS1, Mx1 and ISG17 well-known proteins are found that have anti-viral activity and play an important role during early pregnancy in ruminants. CpOAS1 protein (42/46 kDa and/or 69/71 kDa) was detected in the endometrium of pregnant and cyclic does. Both cpOAS1 mRNA and protein were expressed maximally (P<0.05) in the endometrium during pregnancy as compared to cyclic does. In conclusion, the cpOAS1 sequence is almost similar in structure and probably in function also to other species along with its higher expression during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asit Jain
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.
| | - Tripti Jain
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Girish Kumar Mishra
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Khushboo Chandrakar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kishore Mukherjee
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sita Prasad Tiwari
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (DSVCKV), Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
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Tinning H, Edge JC, DeBem THC, Deligianni F, Giovanardi G, Pensabene V, Meirelles FV, Forde N. Review: Endometrial function in pregnancy establishment in cattle. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 1:100751. [PMID: 37567655 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The endometrium is fundamentally required for successful pregnancy in ruminants and species where the posthatching conceptus undergoes a protracted elongation and peri-implantation phase of pregnancy. Moreover, there are substantial waves of pregnancy loss during this pre- and peri-implantation period of pregnancy the precise source of which has not been clearly defined i.e., the maternal uterine contribution to this loss. Understanding the molecular interactions required for successful pregnancy in cattle will allow us to intervene to support pregnancy success during this vulnerable window. The endometrium contributes to most key developmental milestones of pregnancy establishment, including (1) contributing to the regulation of the oestrus cycle, (2) nourishing the preimplantation conceptus, (3) responding to the conceptus to create a more receptive microenvironment, (4) providing essential biophysical support, and (5) signalling and producing factors which affect the mother systemically. This review will summarise what we currently know about conceptus-maternal interactions as well as identify the gaps in our knowledge that could be filled with newer in vitro model approaches. These include the use of microfluidics, organ-on-a-chip devices, and bioinformatic approaches. This will help maximise food production efficiency (both meat and dairy) and decrease the environmental burden, while enhancing our understanding of the fundamental processes required for successful implantation in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tinning
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - J C Edge
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - T H C DeBem
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Deligianni
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - G Giovanardi
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - V Pensabene
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - F V Meirelles
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - N Forde
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
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Adhikari B, Lee CN, Khadka VS, Deng Y, Fukumoto G, Thorne M, Caires K, Odani J, Mishra B. RNA-Sequencing based analysis of bovine endometrium during the maternal recognition of pregnancy. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:494. [PMID: 35799127 PMCID: PMC9264496 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal recognition is the crucial step for establishing pregnancy in cattle. This study aims to identify endometrial genes and biological pathways involved in the maternal recognition of pregnancy. Caruncular endometrial tissues were collected from Day 15-17 of gestation (pregnant), non-pregnant (absence of conceptus), and cyclic (non-bred) heifers. RESULTS Total RNAs were isolated from the caruncular endometrial tissues of pregnant, non-pregnant, and cyclic heifers, and were subjected to high-throughput RNA-sequencing. The genes with at least two-fold change and Benjamini and Hochberg p-value ≤ 0.05 were considered differentially expressed genes and further confirmed with quantitative real-time PCR. A total of 107 genes (pregnant vs cyclic) and 98 genes (pregnant vs non-pregnant) were differentially expressed in the pregnant endometrium. The most highly up-regulated genes in the pregnant endometrium were MRS2, CST6, FOS, VLDLR, ISG15, IFI6, MX2, C15H11ORF34, EIF3M, PRSS22, MS4A8, and TINAGL1. Interferon signaling, immune response, nutrient transporter, synthesis, and secretion of proteins are crucial pathways during the maternal recognition of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that the presence of conceptus at Day 15-17 of gestation affects the endometrial gene expression related to endometrial remodeling, immune response, nutrients and ion transporters, and relevant signaling pathways in the caruncular region of bovine endometrium during the maternal recognition of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Adhikari
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Chin N Lee
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Glen Fukumoto
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Mark Thorne
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Kyle Caires
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Jenee Odani
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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6
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Jain A, Jain T, Chandrakar K, Singh M, Shakya S. Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) gene: Molecular characterization of complete coding sequence and expression profile in the endometrium of goat (Capra hircus). J Reprod Immunol 2020; 143:103247. [PMID: 33260042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) gene plays an important role in uterine receptivity and conceptus development by creating a strong defense mechanism in the uterine environment. However, the specific role of Mx1 gene is not yet documented in the goat. Therefore, in the present study, full-length coding sequence (CDS) of the Mx1 gene was amplified, sequenced and characterized through various Bioinformatic tools. Temporal expression profile of Mx1 mRNA and protein was also examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot, respectively, in the endometrium of cyclic stage (non-pregnant), pregnancy stage I (16-24 days of gestation) and pregnancy stage II (25-40 days of gestation) of caprine (cp). A fragment of the cpMx1 gene, 2144 bp in length, was amplified from complementary DNA (cDNA) with a 1965 bp open reading frame. Coding and deduced amino acid sequences of the cpMx1 were aligned with other species and it exhibited 98.8-81.5 % identities with different species. On phylogenetic analysis, sheep and goat were found belonging to the same clade but differing from large ruminants. The cpMx1 protein possess the conserved signature motif (LPRGTGIVTR) of dynamin superfamily and the tripartite guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) binding motif (GDQSSGKS, DLPG, TKPD) at the N-terminal end, and the leucine zipper motifs at the C-terminal end. Both cpMx1 mRNA and protein were found to be expressed maximally (P < 0.05) in the pregnancy stage I as compared to cyclic stage. It was concluded that the cpMx1 gene shares major structural and probably functional similarities with other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asit Jain
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, CGKV, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Tripti Jain
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, CGKV, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Mohan Singh
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, CGKV, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sanjay Shakya
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, CGKV, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
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Elmetwally MA, Halawa AA, Tang W, Wu G, Bazer FW. Effects of Bisphenol A on expression of genes related to amino acid transporters, insulin- like growth factor, aquaporin and amino acid release by porcine trophectoderm cells. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 96:241-248. [PMID: 32710935 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The peri-implantation period of pregnancy is critical for conceptus development, implantation, and signaling for establishment of pregnancy. This study evaluated the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on proliferation, adhesion, and migration of porcine trophectoderm (pTr2) cells, expression of transporters of arginine and synthesis of amino acids. All concentrations of BPA decreased proliferation and adhesion of pTr2 cells after 96 h compared to the control group. Lower concentrations of BPA (1 × 10-9, 1 × 10-8, 10-7M) increased (P < 0.05), but higher concentrations of BPA (1 × 10-5, 1 × 10-4 M) decreased migration of pTr2 cells. BPA increased expression of SLC7A1 mRNA at lower concentrations (1 × 10-9 to 1 × 10-6M) and SL7A6, another cationic acid transporter, at higher concentrations (1 × 10-5, 1 × 10-4 M). BPA also down-regulated the expression of IGF1 and IGF1 receptor at concentrations of 1 × 10-7 to 1 × 10-4 M compared to the control group. The expression of mRNAs for aquaporins (AQP) 3 and 4 were reduced at all concentrations of BPA, but at lower concentrations of BPA, (1 × 10-9 to 1 × 10-8M) expression of AQP9 mRNA increased and the expression of AQP11 was not affected by BPA (P > 0.05). There was an inhibitory effect of BPA on the release of synthesis of asparagine, threonine, taurine, tryptophan, and ornithine into the culture medium by pTr2 cells. Collectively, BPA adversely affected the expression of transporters for cationic amino acids like arginine, as well as AQPs, IGF1, and IGF1R associated with proliferation, migration, and adhesion of pTr2 cells. Those adverse effects would likely increase pregnancy losses during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Elmetwally
- Department of Animal Science, United States; Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Amal A Halawa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Wanjin Tang
- Department of Animal Science, United States; Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, United States; Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, United States; Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
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van der Weijden VA, Ulbrich SE. Embryonic diapause in roe deer: A model to unravel embryo-maternal communication during pre-implantation development in wildlife and livestock species. Theriogenology 2020; 158:105-111. [PMID: 32947063 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An alarming number of large mammalian species with low reproduction rates is threatened with extinction. As basic knowledge of reproductive physiology is currently lacking in many species, increasing the understanding of reproductive physiology is imperative and includes the development of novel artificial reproduction technologies. Despite the relatively comprehensive knowledge on molecular mechanisms underlying reproduction in livestock species such as cattle, pregnancy failures are likewise far from understood. Contrary to other wildlife species, the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) displays a remarkably high pregnancy rate. In parts, cattle and roe deer exhibit comparable features of preimplantation embryo development. Therefore, understanding the high fertility rate in the roe deer holds a great potential for cross-species knowledge gain. As the only known species among the artiodactylae, the roe deer displays a long period of embryonic diapause. The preimplantation blastocyst reaches a diameter of 1 mm only at around 4 months compared to around 13 days post estrus in cattle. The expanded blastocyst survives in a uterine microenvironment that contains a unique set of yet unidentified factors that allow embryonic stem cells to proliferate at low pace without impairing their developmental potential. Upon reactivation, intimate embryo-maternal communication comparable to those reported in cattle is thought to occur. In this review, current knowledge, parallels and differences of reproductive physiology in cattle and roe deer are reviewed. The roe deer is proposed as a unique model species to (1) enhance our knowledge of fertility processes, (2) define factors that support embryo survival for an extended period, (3) advance knowledge on embryonic stem cells, and (4) unravel potential implications for the development of novel strategies for artificial reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A van der Weijden
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Switzerland
| | - S E Ulbrich
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Switzerland.
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Giller K, Drews B, Berard J, Kienberger H, Schmicke M, Frank J, Spanier B, Daniel H, Geisslinger G, Ulbrich SE. Bovine embryo elongation is altered due to maternal fatty acid supplementation. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:600-610. [PMID: 29668864 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pre-implantation period is prone to embryonic losses in bovine. Embryo-maternal communication is crucial to support embryo development. Thereby, factors of the uterine fluid (UF) are of specific importance. The maternal diet can affect the UF composition. Since omega 3 fatty acids (omega 3 FA) are considered to be beneficial for reproduction, we investigated if dietary omega 3 FA affected factors in the UF related to embryo elongation. Angus heifers (n = 37) were supplemented with either 450 g of rumen-protected fish oil (omega 3 FA) or sunflower oil (omega 6 FA) for a period of 8 weeks. Following cycle synchronization and artificial insemination, the uteri were flushed post mortem to recover the embryos on day 15 of pregnancy. The UF and tissue samples of endometrium and corpus luteum (CL) were collected. Strikingly, the embryo elongation in the omega 3 group was enhanced compared to the omega 6 group. No differences were observed in uterine prostaglandins, even though the endometrial concentration of their precursor arachidonic acid was reduced in omega 3 compared to omega 6 heifers. The dietary FA neither led to differential expression of target genes in endometrium nor CL nor to a differential abundance of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cortisol or amino acids in the UF. Interestingly, the omega 3 group displayed a higher plasma progesterone concentration during luteal growth than the omega 6 group, possibly promoting embryo elongation. Further research should include an ovarian perspective to understand the functional link between dietary omega 3 FA and reproductive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Giller
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Drews
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joel Berard
- ETH Zurich, Animal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hermine Kienberger
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Marion Schmicke
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Frank
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Britta Spanier
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Susanne E Ulbrich
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Kaur M, Hartling I, Burnett TA, Polsky LB, Donnan CR, Leclerc H, Veira D, Cerri RLA. Rumen-protected B vitamin complex supplementation during the transition period and early lactation alters endometrium mRNA expression on day 14 of gestation in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 102:1642-1657. [PMID: 30580942 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Greater metabolic demands in high-producing dairy cows are believed to be a cause of sub-fertility in these animals. Previously, supplementation with vitamin B complex molecules has shown benefits in improving milk production, health, and reproductive efficiency of dairy cows. The primary aim of this project was to determine the effects of rumen-protected vitamin B complex supplementation of 100 g of Transition VB (Jefo, St. Hyacinthe, QC, Canada) and 4 g of Lactation VB (VB; Jefo), during the transition and early lactation periods, respectively, compared with a control diet containing no supplementation on d 14 endometrial outcomes of pregnancy. In the vitamin B supplemented cows, we expect to see a change in the mark-up of endometrial genes important for embryo survival before implantation. Multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled into the study 3 wk before parturition and were randomly assigned to either the VB or control treatment. Twice-a-week blood samples, weekly milk samples, and daily feed intake were collected. Cows were enrolled onto a double-ovsynch protocol at 33 ± 3 d postpartum and inseminated by timed artificial insemination. Milk production and components, concentrations of BHB, haptoglobin, and progesterone in serum, and ovarian dynamics were also measured, but no treatment effect was observed. The uterus was flushed on d 14 after artificial insemination (around 72 DIM) for conceptus collection, and endometrial samples were collected at the same time. Overall, 42 cows were flushed and 13 embryos were collected. Analysis of mRNA expression of genes related to embryo development, immune system, adhesion, and regulation of vitamin B molecules showed that OXTR, MUC5B, MUC1, IL1B, SPP, TRD, FZD8, and FOLR1 genes were significantly upregulated in the VB group. Vitamin B supplementation had no effect on the size of the embryo and ovulatory follicle or corpus luteum diameter at embryo collection. In conclusion, the benefits of strategic dietary VB supplementation during the transition and early lactation might be directly linked to endometrial functions required for embryo survival during the peri-implantation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manveen Kaur
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Ivan Hartling
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Tracy A Burnett
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Liam B Polsky
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Charlotte R Donnan
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | | | - Douglas Veira
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Ronaldo L A Cerri
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada.
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Manjari P, Hyder I, Kapoor S, Senthilnathan M, Dang AK. Exploring the concentration‐dependent actions of interferon‐τ on bovine neutrophils to understand the process of implantation. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:10087-10094. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Manjari
- Veterinary Science Krishi Vigyan Kendra Pandirimamidi India
| | - Iqbal Hyder
- Department of Veterinary Physiology NTR CVSc Gannavaram India
| | - Suresh Kapoor
- Division of Animal Physiology ICAR‐NDRI Karnal India
| | | | - A. K. Dang
- Division of Animal Physiology ICAR‐NDRI Karnal India
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12
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Verma AD, Panigrahi M, Baba NA, Sulabh S, Sadam A, Parida S, Narayanan K, Sonwane AA, Bhushan B. Differential expression of ten candidate genes regulating prostaglandin action in reproductive tissues of buffalo during estrous cycle and pregnancy. Theriogenology 2018; 105:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Ochoa JC, Peñagaricano F, Baez GM, Melo LF, Motta JCL, Garcia-Guerra A, Meidan R, Pinheiro Ferreira JC, Sartori R, Wiltbank MC. Mechanisms for rescue of corpus luteum during pregnancy: gene expression in bovine corpus luteum following intrauterine pulses of prostaglandins E1 and F2α†. Biol Reprod 2017; 98:465-479. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Ochoa
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Giovanni M Baez
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Cucuta, Colombia
| | - Leonardo F Melo
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Animal Science, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica C L Motta
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Animal Science, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Garcia-Guerra
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - João C Pinheiro Ferreira
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Sartori
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Animal Science, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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14
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D'Alessandro AG, Martemucci G. Superovulatory response to gonadotrophin FSH/LH treatment and effect of progestin supplement to recipients on survival of transferred vitrified embryos in goats. Theriogenology 2016; 85:296-301. [PMID: 26483311 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were carried out in goats to evaluate the effects of the FSH/LH ratio during treatment on ovarian response and embryo production (experiment 1) and the efficiency of progestin supplementation on pregnancy and the survival of vitrified embryos (experiment 2). In experiment 1, 30 goats were synchronized and allocated to 2 groups (n = 15) corresponding to the following superovulatory treatments with p-FSH (250 IU, over 3 days) having different doses of purified FSH and LH: (group A) control, FSH/LH ratio of 1, kept constant during treatment; (group B) FSH/LH ratio of 2 and daily FSH/LH ratio of 5.0:1.0:0.3 for the first, second, and third days of treatment, respectively. Ovarian response and embryo production were assessed 7.5 days after estrus. In experiment 2, 46 vitrified blastocysts from p-FSH-superovulated donors were transferred to 26 recipients (2 blastocysts per goat) 7.5 days after estrus. The recipients were synchronized with donors and allocated to 2 experimental groups (n = 13). Group C received progestin supplement as fluorgestone acetate (FGA) inserted into the vagina at the time of embryo transfer, replaced with a new one 16 days later, and maintained until the 45th day of pregnancy; group D, no treatment (control). Pregnancy was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound scanning on Days 30 and 45 after estrus and followed to term. The results indicated that the increase in FSH/LH ratio from 1 to 2 with decreasing daily FSH/LH (treatment B) did not improve the superovulatory response. Superovulatory treatment A (control) advanced (P < 0.05) the onset of estrus and showed a higher ovulation rate compared to group B (14.9 vs. 10.9; P < 0.05). Fertilization rate, embryo yield, and mean number of transferable embryos in group A (7.5) were higher (P < 0.05) than those in group B (3.2). Recipient goats receiving progestin supplementation (group C) showed a higher (P < 0.05) pregnancy rate and embryo survival (kids born per embryos transferred; 69.3% and 73.1%) than the controls (group D; 23.3% and 19.2%). In conclusion, regimen A with FSH/LH ratio of 1 kept constant during the treatment gave the best ovarian response and embryo production. The progestin supplementation as FGA-pessary administered at embryo transfer time to the 45th day of pregnancy improved the pregnancy rate, kidding rate, and embryo survival of transferred vitrified embryos. Intravaginal progestin supplement has the potential to reduce the incidence of pregnancy losses during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Martemucci
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Zamani Z, Zare S, Sadrkhanlou R, Ahmadi A, Movahed E. Chlorpromazine-Induced Hyperprolactinemia on Rat's Uterus. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 19:226-32. [PMID: 26239213 PMCID: PMC4649858 DOI: 10.7508/ibj.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hyperprolactinemia is a common side effect of antipsychotic drugs that requires further investigation. The current study was designed to evaluate dose-dependent effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on hormonal changes and uterine horn histological structure in rats. Moreover, the mammary glands were analyzed to show hyperprolactinemia-induced histological changes. Methods: Albino Wistar rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups. The first group was set as a control. In the three drug-treated groups (eight rats in each group), CPZ was administered by a gavage at doses of 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg/day for 28 days. One day after the last administration of the drug, the animals were sacrificed. Histopathological and histomorphometrical analyses of the uterine horns and mammary glands were carried out to evaluate dose-dependent effect of CPZ on histological structure. Serum levels of prolactin (PRL), estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were also evaluated. Results: Remarkable (P < 0.05) elevation was observed in CPZ-administrated animals' uterine horn endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium thicknesses, and the mammary glands were observed with galactorrhea features. The serum level of progesterone and PRL significantly (P < 0.05) increased, while the serum concentration of LH, FSH, and estradiol was notably (P < 0.05) decreased depending on administrated CPZ dose. No histological and biological changes were occurred in the control animals. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that CPZ-induced disturbances not only depend on PRL level and increased PRL level largely depends on administrated doses of the CPZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zamani
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samad Zare
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rajabali Sadrkhanlou
- Laboratory of Embryology, Dept. of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abbas Ahmadi
- Laboratory of Embryology, Dept. of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elham Movahed
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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