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Yang H, Li X, Yang W. Advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for esophageal cancer. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1910-1922. [PMID: 37403208 PMCID: PMC10431250 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common aggressive malignant tumors in the digestive system with a severe epidemiological situation and poor prognosis. The early diagnostic rate of EC is low, and most EC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Multiple multimodality treatments have gradually evolved into the main treatment for advanced EC, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. And the emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has greatly improved the survival of EC patients. This review highlights the latest advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for EC, discusses the efficacy and safety of relevant drugs, summarizes related important clinical trials, and tries to provide references for therapeutic strategy of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiou Yang
- Cancer center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
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2
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Dual-targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapy for esophageal cancer and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20152. [PMID: 36418422 PMCID: PMC9684531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a significant role in tumor progression within the tumor microenvironment. Previously, we used near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), a next-generation cancer cell-targeted phototherapy, to establish CAF-targeted NIR-PIT. In this study, we investigated whether dual-targeted NIR-PIT, targeting cancer cells and CAFs, could be a therapeutic strategy. A total of 132 cases of esophageal cancer were analyzed for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression using immunohistochemistry. Human esophageal cancer cells and CAFs were co-cultured and treated with single- or dual-targeted NIR-PIT in vitro. These cells were co-inoculated into BALB/c-nu/nu mice and the tumors were treated with single-targeted NIR-PIT or dual-targeted NIR-PIT in vivo. Survival analysis showed FAP- or EGFR-high patients had worse survival than patients with low expression of FAP or EGFR (log-rank, P < 0.001 and P = 0.074, respectively), while no difference was observed in HER2 status. In vitro, dual (EGFR/FAP)-targeted NIR-PIT induced specific therapeutic effects in cancer cells and CAFs along with suppressing tumor growth in vivo, whereas single-targeted NIR-PIT did not show any significance. Moreover, these experiments demonstrated that dual-targeted NIR-PIT could treat cancer cells and CAFs simultaneously with a single NIR light irradiation. We demonstrated the relationship between EGFR/FAP expression and prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer and the stronger therapeutic effect of dual-targeted NIR-PIT than single-targeted NIR-PIT in experimental models. Thus, dual-targeted NIR-PIT might be a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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3
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Liu Y, Zhao L, Xue L, Hou Y. Selected updates in molecular and genomic pathology of esophageal cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1482:225-235. [PMID: 33215736 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen rapid advances in the field of molecular and genomic pathology that have not only improved understanding of esophageal carcinogenesis and tumor immune environment in general but also have reshaped pathology practice and clinical management. In this article, we provide updates on three topics (1) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, the first and most important biomarker in targeted therapy of esophageal cancer; (2) programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1, recent biomarkers that have shown promise in treating both esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; and (3) human papillomavirus involvement in esophageal carcinogenesis, one of the most debated topics in the field, discussed here with a renewed understanding from recent genomic and molecular data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Liu Q, Zhou YX, Hui-Wang, Li QX, Wu M, Ma YQ. The Silencing of SFRP2 Expression in ESCC Is Due to Methylation of the Gene Promoter. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033819877977. [PMID: 31578133 PMCID: PMC6777053 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819877977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim of the study was to investigate the expression level and methylation status of the secreted frizzled-related protein 2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate the clinical utility of the marker. MATERIAL AND METHODS We first used Immunohistochemistry (ICH) to explore the expression level of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues and then used methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction to detect methylation status of secreted frizzled-related protein 2. RESULTS Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 expression was notably reduced in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, whereas methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 was increased in the majority of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma specimens. CONCLUSION Sum up, we have demonstrated the abnormal DNA hypermethylation, causing reduced or absent gene expression. Methylation testing of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 using epigenetic marker may be a significative screening method for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medicine College, Medical University of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Ya-Xing Zhou
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hui-Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Miao Wu
- Department of computer application, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu-Qing Ma
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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5
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Reynolds KL, Bedard PL, Lee SH, Lin CC, Tabernero J, Alsina M, Cohen E, Baselga J, Blumenschein G, Graham DM, Garrido-Laguna I, Juric D, Sharma S, Salgia R, Seroutou A, Tian X, Fernandez R, Morozov A, Sheng Q, Ramkumar T, Zubel A, Bang YJ. A phase I open-label dose-escalation study of the anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody LJM716 in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus or head and neck and HER2-overexpressing breast or gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:646. [PMID: 28899363 PMCID: PMC5596462 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is important in maintaining epidermal growth factor receptor-driven cancers and mediating resistance to targeted therapy. A phase I study of anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody LJM716 was conducted with the primary objective to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended dose for expansion (RDE), and dosing schedule. Secondary objectives were to characterize safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity. Methods This open-label, dose-finding study comprised dose escalation, followed by expansion in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck or esophagus, and HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer or gastric cancer. During dose escalation, patients received LJM716 intravenous once weekly (QW) or every two weeks (Q2W), in 28-day cycles. An adaptive Bayesian logistic regression model was used to guide dose escalation and establish the RDE. Exploratory pharmacodynamic tumor studies evaluated modulation of HER3 signaling. Results Patients received LJM716 3–40 mg/kg QW and 20 mg/kg Q2W (54 patients; 36 patients at 40 mg/kg QW). No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were reported during dose-escalation. One patient experienced two DLTs (diarrhea, hypokalemia [both grade 3]) in the expansion phase. The RDE was 40 mg/kg QW, providing drug levels above the preclinical minimum effective concentration. One patient with gastric cancer had an unconfirmed partial response; 17/54 patients had stable disease, two lasting >30 weeks. Down-modulation of phospho-HER3 was observed in paired tumor samples. Conclusions LJM716 was well tolerated; the MTD was not reached, and the RDE was 40 mg/kg QW. Further development of LJM716 is ongoing. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov registry number NCT01598077 (registered on 4 May, 2012). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3641-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Alsina
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ezra Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - José Baselga
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Blumenschein
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Dejan Juric
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,City of Hope, Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Xianbin Tian
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Rose Fernandez
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Alex Morozov
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.,Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Qing Sheng
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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6
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Takahashi S, Kobayashi T, Tomomatsu J, Ito Y, Oda H, Kajitani T, Kakizume T, Tajima T, Takeuchi H, Maacke H, Esaki T. LJM716 in Japanese patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma or HER2-overexpressing breast or gastric cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 79:131-138. [PMID: 27942917 PMCID: PMC5225197 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) has been identified as an important component of many receptor tyrosine kinase-driven cancers. LJM716 is a human IgG monoclonal antibody that binds HER3, trapping it in an inactive conformation. In this study, a phase I dose escalation was performed with a primary objective to establish the maximum tolerated dose and/or the recommended dose of LJM716 in Japanese patients with selected advanced solid tumors. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of the safety and tolerability, preliminary antitumor activity, and pharmacokinetics of LJM716 in Japanese patients. Methods LJM716 was administered intravenously at doses of 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg once weekly, in 28-day cycles, to 12 patients with HER2-amplified breast cancer or gastric cancer, or with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, regardless of HER2 status. Results The maximum tolerated dose was not reached, and the recommended dose was established at 40 mg/kg. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed in the first cycle. The most frequently reported adverse events were diarrhea, fatigue, stomatitis, pyrexia, and paronychia. One unconfirmed partial response was observed in a patient with breast cancer, and 50% of the patients achieved stable disease as the best overall response. Exposure increased with ascending dose, and half-life was estimated to be 11–14 days. No anti-LJM716 antibodies were detected. Conclusions LJM716 was well tolerated in Japanese patients, and a degree of tumor shrinkage was observed. Clinical trial information ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01911936. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00280-016-3214-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Junichi Tomomatsu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Oda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan.,Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Kajitani
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Taito Esaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
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7
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Wang HY, Yao ZH, Tang H, Zhao Y, Zhang XS, Yao SN, Yang SJ, Liu YY. Weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in combination with cisplatin versus weekly solvent-based paclitaxel plus cisplatin as first-line therapy in Chinese patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:5663-5669. [PMID: 27713635 PMCID: PMC5045233 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s108580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE More effective regimens for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are urgently needed. Therefore, a retrospective study concerning the efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin (nab-TP) versus solvent-based paclitaxel plus cisplatin (sb-TP) as a first-line therapy was conducted in Chinese patients with advanced ESCC. METHODS From June 2009 to June 2015, 32 patients were treated with nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m2) on the first and eighth days (30 minutes infusion) and cisplatin (75 mg/m2) on the second day every 21 days (nab-TP arm). Also, 43 patients were treated with solvent-based paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) intravenously on the first and eighth days and the same dose of cisplatin (sb-TP arm). The two groups were compared in terms of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety profile. OS and PFS were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods to determine associations between chemotherapy regimens and survival outcomes. RESULTS Nab-TP demonstrated a higher ORR (50% vs 30%; P=0.082) and disease control rate (81% vs 65%; P=0.124) than sb-TP. Median OS was similar for nab-TP and sb-TP (12.5 vs 10.7 months; P=0.269). However, nab-TP resulted in a longer median PFS (6.1 months [95% confidence interval: 5.3-6.9]) than sb-TP (5.0 months [95% confidence interval: 4.4-5.6]) (P=0.029). The most common adverse events included anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia in both the groups and no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups. With statistically significant differences, significantly less grade ≥3 peripheral neuropathy, arthralgia, and myalgia occurred in the nab-TP arm (all P<0.05). Dose reduction, treatment delays, and second-line therapy were similar between the two regimens. There were no treatment-related deaths in either group. CONCLUSION Nab-paclitaxel plus cisplatin is found to be an effective and tolerable option for advanced ESCC in the People's Republic of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-San Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Na Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Song IH, Lee TS, Park YS, Lee JS, Lee BC, Moon BS, An GI, Lee HW, Kim KI, Lee YJ, Kang JH, Lim SM. Immuno-PET Imaging and Radioimmunotherapy of 64Cu-/177Lu-Labeled Anti-EGFR Antibody in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1105-11. [PMID: 26917708 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.167155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Immuno-PET provides valuable information about tumor location, phenotype, susceptibility to therapy, and treatment response, especially to targeted radioimmunotherapy. In this study, we prepared antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody via identical chelator, 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]-pentadeca-1(15),11,13-trience-3,6,9,-triacetic acid (PCTA), labeled with (64)Cu or (177)Lu to evaluate the EGFR expression levels using immuno-PET and the feasibility of radioimmunotherapy in an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) model. METHODS Cetuximab was conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-PCTA and radiolabeled with (64)Cu or (177)Lu. In vitro EGFR expression levels were determined and compared using flow cytometry and cell binding assay. In vivo EGFR expression levels were evaluated via immuno-PET imaging of (64)Cu-cetuximab and biodistribution analysis. Micro-SPECT/CT imaging, biodistribution, and radioimmunotherapy studies of (177)Lu-cetuximab were performed in the ESCC model. Therapeutic responses were monitored using (18)F-FDG PET and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS (64)Cu- or (177)Lu-labeled antibodies showed high radiolabeling yield (>98%), stability (>90%), and favorable immunoreactivity. In vitro EGFR status measured by cell binding assay was correlated with the flow cytometry data. Immuno-PET, micro-SPECT/CT, and biodistribution demonstrated specific uptake in ESCC tumors depending on the EGFR expression levels. Tumor accumulation of (64)Cu- and (177)Lu-cetuximab was peaked at 48 and 120 h, respectively. Radioimmunotherapy with (177)Lu-cetuximab showed significant inhibition of tumor growth (P < 0.01) and marked reduction of (18)F-FDG SUV compared with that of control (P < 0.05). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling positivity and Ki-67 staining indices increased and decreased, respectively, in the radioimmunotherapy group compared with other groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION (64)Cu-cetuximab immuno-PET represented EGFR expression levels in ESCC tumors, and (177)Lu-cetuximab radioimmunotherapy effectively inhibited the tumor growth. The diagnostic and therapeutic convergence radiopharmaceutical (64)Cu-/(177)Lu-PCTA-cetuximab may be useful as a diagnostic tool in patient selection and a potent radioimmunotherapy agent in EGFR-positive ESCC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Ho Song
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Tae Sup Lee
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Serk Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jin Sook Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju Collage of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Byung Seok Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Gwang Il An
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae Won Lee
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, KIRAMS, Seoul, South Korea; and
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kang
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Moo Lim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, South Korea Department of Nuclear Medicine, KIRAMS, Seoul, South Korea
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Oyama T, Okamoto K, Nakamura R, Tajiri R, Ikeda H, Ninomiya I, Ooi A. Overexpression and gene amplification of both ERBB2 and EGFR in an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and immunohistochemistry. Pathol Int 2015; 65:608-13. [PMID: 26314265 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
EGFR and ERBB2 belong to the EGFR gene family. In esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), amplification of EGFR or ERBB2 is usually mutually exclusive. EGFR amplification occurs in approximately 15% of SCCs, ERBB2 occurs in less than 5%. Here, we report the co-amplification of EGFR and ERBB2 in an ulcerative and infiltrating-type SCC that measured approximately 4.2 × 2.7 × 1.2 cm with a superficial lesion occurring in the thoracic esophagus of a 72-year-old man. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification using representative tumor sections showed gain of CCND1 and coincident amplification of ERBB2 or EGFR or neither. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that the tumor comprised three cancer-cell populations: well-differentiated SCC with high-level ERBB2 amplification and ERBB2 overexpression, more infiltrative poorly-differentiated SCC with high-level EGFR amplification and EGFR overexpression, and poorly-differentiated SCC lacking any ERBB2 or EGFR abnormality. These three populations each had low-level CCND1 amplification and nuclear cyclin D1 overexpression. This histological topology and gene amplification combinations suggested that genetic instability first produced CCND1 amplification, and then ERBB2 or EGFR gene amplification occurred. It is further speculated that during cancer progression and clonal selection indecisive predominance of either clone caused the rare co-amplification of ERBB2 and EGFR in a single chimeric tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Oyama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Nakamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tajiri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Pathology Section, University Hospital, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akishi Ooi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.,Pathology Section, University Hospital, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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10
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Saito S, Morishima K, Ui T, Hoshino H, Matsubara D, Ishikawa S, Aburatani H, Fukayama M, Hosoya Y, Sata N, Lefor AK, Yasuda Y, Niki T. The role of HGF/MET and FGF/FGFR in fibroblast-derived growth stimulation and lapatinib-resistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:82. [PMID: 25884729 PMCID: PMC4345039 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although advanced esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) is treated using a multidisciplinary approach, outcomes remain unsatisfactory. The microenvironment of cancer cells has recently been shown to strongly influence the biologic properties of malignancies. We explored the effect of supernatant from esophageal fibroblasts on the cell growth and chemo-resistance of ESCC cell lines. METHODS We used 22 ESCC cell lines, isolated primary human esophageal fibroblasts and immortalized fibroblasts. We first examined cell proliferation induced by fibroblast supernatant. The effect of supernatant was evaluated to determine whether paracrine signaling induced by fibroblasts can influence the proliferation of cancer cells. Next, we examined the effects of adding growth factors HGF, FGF1, FGF7, and FGF10, to the culture medium of cancer cells. These growth factors are assumed to be present in the culture supernatants of fibroblasts and may exert a paracrine effect on the proliferation of cancer cells. We also examined the intrinsic role of HGF/MET and FGFs/FGFR in ESCC proliferation. In addition, we examined the inhibitory effect of lapatinib on ESCC cell lines and studied whether the fibroblast supernatants affect the inhibitory effect of lapatinib on ESCC cell proliferation. Finally, we tested whether the FGFR inhibitor PD-173074 could eliminate the rescue effect against lapatinib that was induced by fibroblast supernatants. RESULTS The addition of fibroblast supernatant induces cell proliferation in the majority of cell lines tested. The results of experiments to evaluate the effects of adding growth factors and kinase inhibitors suggests that the stimulating effect of fibroblasts was attributable in part to HGF/MET or FGF/FGFR. The results also indicate diversity in the degree of dependence on HGF/MET and FGF/FGFR among the cell lines. Though lapanitib at 1 μM inhibits cell proliferation by more than 50% in the majority of the ESCC cell lines, fibroblast supernatant can rescue the growth inhibition of ESCC cells. However, the rescue effect is abrogated by co-treatment with FGFR inhibitor. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that cell growth of ESCC depends on diverse receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, in both cell-autonomous and cell-non-autonomous manners. The combined inhibition of these signals may hold promise for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Saito
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Kazue Morishima
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Takashi Ui
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Hoshino
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0034, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Division of Genome Science, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan.
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Hosoya
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Alan K Lefor
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Yasuda
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
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Uzunoglu FG, Koenig AM, Izbicki JR. The potential for targeting HER2 therapeutically in esophageal cancer – a grasp at straws? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:1421-6. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.956086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Clinical significance of the expression of EGFR signaling pathway-related proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:651-7. [PMID: 24052437 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is an important pathway that is not only involved in the determination of cellular development, but also has significant roles in tumor development and progression. The study aims to examine the expression of EGFR signaling pathway-related proteins (EGFR, c-Fos, and c-erb-B2) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate their relationships with clinical significance. Sixty esophageal squamous carcinoma specimens obtained by fiber esophagoscope were subjected to two-step immunohistochemistry to test the expression of EGFR, c-Fos, and c-erb-B2. EGFR expression was observed in 73.3% of tumors (44/60); positive EGFR expression was significantly correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (P < 0.05). c-Fos expression was found in 85% (51/60) of tumors, and its expression was significantly related to tumor depth and TNM staging (P < 0.05). c-erb-B2 expression was 75% (45/60) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) specimens, and positive-erb-B2 expression had a significant association with the depth of tumor invasion (P < 0.05). c-Fos expression was significantly and positively correlated with c-erb-B2 (P < 0.05). Overexpression of EGFR, c-Fos, and c-erb-B2 was associated with tumor progression and development. EGFR and c-Fos expression can predict the tumor stage. c-Fos and c-erb-B2 expression can be used to determine the depth of tumor invasion and can also act as a combined prognostic indicator in ESCC.
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