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Tauseef A, Hisam F, Hussain T, Caruso A, Hussain K, Châtel A, Chénais B. Nanomicrobiology: Emerging Trends in Microbial Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Orientational dynamics of magnetotactic bacteria in Earth's magnetic field-a simulation study. J Biol Phys 2021; 47:79-93. [PMID: 33687635 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-021-09566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate through simulations the phenomena of magnetoreception to enable an understanding of the minimum requirements of a fail-safe mechanism, operational at the cellular level, to sense a weak magnetic field at ambient temperature in a biologically active environment. To do this, we use magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) as our model system. The magnetic field sensing ability of these bacteria is due to the presence of magnetosomes, which are internal membrane-bound organelles that contain an iron-based magnetic mineral crystal. These magnetosomes are usually found arranged in a chain aligned with the long axis of the bacterial body. This arrangement yields an overall magnetic dipole moment to the bacterial cell. To simulate this orientation process, we set up a rotational Langevin stochastic differential equation and solve it repeatedly over appropriate time steps for isolated spherical shaped MTB as well as for a more realistic model of spheroidal MTB with flagella. The orientation process appears to depend on shape parameters with spheroidal MTB showing a slower response time compared to spherical MTB. Further, our simulation also reveals that the alignment to the external magnetic field is more robust for an MTB when compared to single magnetosome. For the simulation involving magnetosomes, we include an extra torque that arises from the twisting of an attachment tether and enhance the viscosity of the surrounding medium to mimic intracellular conditions in the governing Langevin equation. The response time of alignment is found to be substantially reduced when one includes a dipole interaction term with a neighboring magnetosome and the alignment becomes less robust with increase in inter dipole distance. The alignment process can thereby be said to be very sensitively dependent on the distance between magnetosomes. Simulating the process of alignment between two neighboring magnetosomes, both in the absence and presence of an ambient magnetic field, we conclude that alignment between these dipoles at the distances typical in an MTB is highly probable and it would be the locked unit that responds to changes in the external magnetic field.
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Sepulchro AGV, de Barros HL, de Mota HOL, Berbereia KS, Huamani KPT, Lopes LCDS, Sudbrack V, Acosta-Avalos D. Magnetoreception in multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes: a new analysis of escape motility trajectories in different magnetic fields. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2020; 49:609-617. [PMID: 33033886 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-020-01467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnetotactic microorganisms can be found as unicellular prokaryotes, as cocci, vibrions, spirilla and rods, and as multicellular organisms. Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes are magnetotactic microorganisms composed by several magnetotactic bacteria organized almost in a spherical helix, and one of the most studied is Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis. Several studies have shown that Ca. M. multicellularis displays forms of behavior not well explained by magnetotaxis. One of these is escape motility, also known as "ping-pong" motion. Studies done in the past associated the "ping-pong" motion to some magnetoreceptive behavior, but those studies were never replicated. In the present manuscript a characterization of escape motility trajectories of Ca. M. multicellularis was done for several magnetic fields, considering that this microorganism swims in cylindrical helical trajectories. It was observed that the escape motility can be separated into three phases: (I) when the microorganism jumps from the drop border, (II) where the microorganism moves almost perpendicular to the magnetic field and (III) when the microorganism returns to the drop border. The total time of the whole escape motility, the time spent in phase II and the displacement distance in phase I decreases when the magnetic field increases. Our results show that the escape motility has several characteristics that depend on the magnetic field and cannot be understood by magnetotaxis, with a magnetoreceptive mechanism being the best explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gabriela Veiga Sepulchro
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Henrique Lins de Barros
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas-CBPF, rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Henrique Oliveira Leiras de Mota
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n-Bela Vista, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Karen Shiroiva Berbereia
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário da UFJF, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Katterine Patricia Taipe Huamani
- Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), calle Germán Amézaga 375, Cuidad Universitaria, Lima 1, Perú
| | - Lis Carneiro da Silva Lopes
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n-Bela Vista, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Vitor Sudbrack
- Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (IFT/UNESP), Rua Dr Teobaldo Ferraz 271, São Paulo, SP, 01140-070, Brazil
| | - Daniel Acosta-Avalos
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas-CBPF, rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil.
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Sales MVG, Lima BS, Acosta-Avalos D. U-turn time and velocity dependence on the wavelength of light: multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes of different sizes behave differently. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2020; 49:633-642. [PMID: 33094363 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-020-01472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
'Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis' is a multicellular magnetotactic prokaryote found in the Araruama lagoon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This microorganism shows a photokinesis that depends on the incident light wavelength, but that dependence can be canceled by the presence of radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields. The present manuscript has as its aim to study the effect of light wavelength and RF fields on the U-turn time of 'Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis', a behavior more related to magnetotaxis. As the experiments were performed during the night, the microorganisms were greater in size than normal, indicating that they were in the process of division. Our results show that when normal in size, the microorganism's U-turn time is modified by the light wavelength (lower for blue light than for green and red light), but RF fields do not affect that U-turn time dependence on the light wavelength. For the microorganism in the process of division, we describe for the first time how the photokinesis and U-turn time dependence on the light wavelength disappear. It is proposed that methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins are involved in that light wavelength dependence for the U-turn time, but still more studies are necessary to understand how RF fields cancel the photokinesis light wavelength dependence, but do not affect the dependence of the U-turn time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz Silva Lima
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, CBPF, Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Daniel Acosta-Avalos
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, CBPF, Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil.
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Acosta-Avalos D, de Figueiredo AC, Conceição CP, da Silva JJP, Aguiar KJMSP, de Lima Medeiros M, do Nascimento M, de Melo RD, Sousa SMM, de Barros HL, Alves OC, Abreu F. U-turn trajectories of magnetotactic cocci allow the study of the correlation between their magnetic moment, volume and velocity. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2019; 48:513-521. [PMID: 31203416 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria are microorganisms that present intracellular chains of magnetic nanoparticles, the magnetosome chain. A challenge in the study of magnetotactic bacteria is the measurement of the magnetic moment associated with the magnetosome chain. Several techniques have been used to estimate the average magnetic moment of a population of magnetotactic bacteria, and others permit the measurement of the magnetic moment of individual bacteria. The U-turn technique allows the measurement of the individual magnetic moment and other parameters associated with the movement and magnetotaxis, such as the velocity and the orientation angle of the trajectory relative to the applied magnetic field. The aim of the present paper is to use the U-turn technique in a population of uncultured magnetotactic cocci to measure the magnetic moment, the volume, orientation angle and velocity for the same individuals. Our results showed that the magnetic moment is distributed in a log-normal distribution, with a mean value of 8.2 × 10-15 Am2 and median of 5.4 × 10-15 Am2. An estimate of the average magnetic moment using the average value of the orientation cosine produces a value similar to the median of the distribution and to the average magnetic moment obtained using transmission electron microscopy. A strong positive correlation is observed between the magnetic moment and the volume. There is no correlation between the magnetic moment and the orientation cosine and between the magnetic moment and the velocity. Those null correlations can be explained by our current understanding of magnetotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Acosta-Avalos
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil.
| | - Agnes Chacor de Figueiredo
- Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Cassia Picanço Conceição
- Universidade Federal Do Amapa (UNIFAP), Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, KM-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá, AP, 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Jayane Julia Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | | | - Marciano de Lima Medeiros
- Universidade Regional Do Cariri (URCA), Av. Leão Sampaio 107, Triângulo, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, 63041-082, Brazil
| | - Moacyr do Nascimento
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Roger Duarte de Melo
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
- Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Saulo Machado Moreira Sousa
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Henrique Lins de Barros
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Odivaldo Cambraia Alves
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Outeiro de São João Batista, Campus do Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Abreu
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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