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Feidenhans’l A, Regmi YN, Wei C, Xia D, Kibsgaard J, King LA. Precious Metal Free Hydrogen Evolution Catalyst Design and Application. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5617-5667. [PMID: 38661498 PMCID: PMC11082907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The quest to identify precious metal free hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts has received unprecedented attention in the past decade. In this Review, we focus our attention to recent developments in precious metal free hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic and alkaline electrolyte owing to their relevance to commercial and near-commercial low-temperature electrolyzers. We provide a detailed review and critical analysis of catalyst activity and stability performance measurements and metrics commonly deployed in the literature, as well as review best practices for experimental measurements (both in half-cell three-electrode configurations and in two-electrode device testing). In particular, we discuss the transition from laboratory-scale hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst measurements to those in single cells, which is a critical aspect crucial for scaling up from laboratory to industrial settings but often overlooked. Furthermore, we review the numerous catalyst design strategies deployed across the precious metal free HER literature. Subsequently, we showcase some of the most commonly investigated families of precious metal free HER catalysts; molybdenum disulfide-based, transition metal phosphides, and transition metal carbides for acidic electrolyte; nickel molybdenum and transition metal phosphides for alkaline. This includes a comprehensive analysis comparing the HER activity between several families of materials highlighting the recent stagnation with regards to enhancing the intrinsic activity of precious metal free hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts. Finally, we summarize future directions and provide recommendations for the field in this area of electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yagya N. Regmi
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K.
- Manchester
Fuel Cell Innovation Centre, Manchester
Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K.
| | - Chao Wei
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Dong Xia
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K.
- Manchester
Fuel Cell Innovation Centre, Manchester
Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K.
| | - Jakob Kibsgaard
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Laurie A. King
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K.
- Manchester
Fuel Cell Innovation Centre, Manchester
Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K.
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Nakajima R, Taniguchi T, Sasaki Y, Nishiki Y, Awaludin Z, Nakai T, Kato A, Mitsushima S, Kuroda Y. Principles of Self-Repairing Ability of Tripodal Ligand-Stabilized Hybrid Cobalt Hydroxide Nanosheets for Alkaline Water Electrolysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300384. [PMID: 37255484 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-repairing catalysts are promising new materials for achieving long lifetime of alkaline water electrolyzers powered by renewable energy. Catalytic nanoparticles dispersed in an electrolyte were deposited on the anode to repair a catalyst layer by electrolysis. A hybrid cobalt hydroxide nanosheet modified with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane on the surface (Co-ns) was used as a catalyst. Assuming a pseudo-first-order process, the rate constant of an electrochemical deposition was linearly correlated with the electrode potential during electrolysis. Thus, it is expected that the repair of the catalyst is automatically controlled by changes in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential. The essential step of the electrochemical deposition was the anodic oxidation of Co2+ to Co3+ . Surface modification of Co-ns protects Co2+ against the autooxidation of Co2+ caused by the dissolved oxygen. The redox properties and organic modification of Co-ns make them well-suited for the self-repairing of anode catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuki Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry Applications and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Taniguchi
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd., 1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8666, Japan
| | - Yuta Sasaki
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd., 1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8666, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nishiki
- De Nora Permelec Ltd., 2023-15 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0816, Japan
| | - Zaenal Awaludin
- De Nora Permelec Ltd., 2023-15 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0816, Japan
| | - Takaaki Nakai
- De Nora Permelec Ltd., 2023-15 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0816, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kato
- De Nora Permelec Ltd., 2023-15 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0816, Japan
| | - Shigenori Mitsushima
- Department of Chemistry Applications and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry Applications and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
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Wu X, Zhao JY, Sun JW, Li WJ, Yuan HY, Liu PF, Dai S, Yang HG. Isolation of Highly Reactive Cobalt Phthalocyanine via Electrochemical Activation for Enhanced CO 2 Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207037. [PMID: 36879480 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 -to-CO conversion offers an attractive and efficient route to recycle CO2 greenhouse gas. Molecular catalysts, like CoPc, are proved to be possible replacement for precious metal-based catalysts. These molecules, a combination of metal center and organic ligand molecule, may evolve into single atom structure for enhanced performance; besides, the manipulation of molecules' behavior also plays an important role in mechanism research. Here, in this work, the structure evolution of CoPc molecules is investigated via electrochemical-induced activation process. After numbers of cyclic voltammetry scanning, CoPc molecular crystals become cracked and crumbled, meanwhile the released CoPc molecules migrate to the conductive substrate. Atomic-scale HAADF-STEM proves the migration of CoPc molecules, which is the main reason for the enhancement in CO2 -to-CO performance. The as-activated CoPc exhibits a maximum FECO of 99% in an H-type cell and affords a long-term durability at 100 mA cm-2 for 29.3 h in a membrane electrode assembly reactor. Density-functional theory (DFT) calculation also demonstrates a favorable CO2 activation energy with such an activated CoPc structure. This work provides a different perspective for understanding molecular catalysts as well as a reliable and universal method for practical utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ji Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wen Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hai Yang Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Peng Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hua Gui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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Ferreira EB, Gibaldi M, Okada R, Kuroda Y, Mitsushima S, Jerkiewicz G. Tunable Method for the Preparation of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles and Mesoporous Mixed Metal Oxide Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37236238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of high-performance and durable electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis is a crucial step toward the broad implementation of this technology. Here, we present an easily tunable, one-step hydrothermal method for the preparation of Ni-based (NiX, X = Co, Fe) layered double hydroxide nanoparticles (LDHNPs) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), using tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris-NH2) for particle growth control. The LDHNPs are used as building blocks of mesoporous mixed metal oxides (MMOs) with a block copolymer template (Pluronic F127), followed by thermal treatment at 250 °C. NiX MMOs have a significantly larger surface area compared to the analogous LDHNPs. NiX LDHNPs and MMOs exhibit excellent performance and long-term cycling stability, making them promising OER catalysts. Moreover, this versatile method can be easily tailored and scaled up for the preparation of platinum group metal-free electrocatalysts for other reactions of interest, which highlights the relevance of this work to the field of electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo B Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Marco Gibaldi
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ryuki Okada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kuroda
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Shigenori Mitsushima
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Gregory Jerkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Ma J, Yang M, Zhao G, Li Y, Liu B, Dang J, Gu J, Hu S, Yang F, Ouyang M. Ni electrodes with 3D-ordered surface structures for boosting bubble releasing toward high current density alkaline water splitting. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 96:106398. [PMID: 37156161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The performance of alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) at high current densities is limited by gas bubble generation on the surface of electrodes, which covers active sites and blocks mass transfer, resulting in lower AWE efficiency. Here, we utilize electro-etching to construct Ni electrodes with hydrophilic and aerophobic surfaces to improve the efficiency of AWE. Ni atoms on the Ni surface can be exfoliated orderly along the crystal planes by electro-etching, forming micro-nano-scale rough surfaces with multiple crystal planes exposed. The 3D-ordered surface structures increase the exposure of active sites and promote the removal of bubbles on the surface of the electrode during the AWE process. In addition, experimental results from high-speed camera reveal that rapidly released bubbles can improve the local circulation of electrolyte. Lastly, the accelerated durability test based on practical working condition demonstrates that the 3D-ordered surface structures are robust and durable during the AWE process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guanlei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Biao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junjie Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Song Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Minggao Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Oda K, Kuroda Y, Mitsushima S. Investigation of Charge–Discharging Behavior of Metal Oxide–Based Anode Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Water Electrolysis to Suppress Degradation due to Reverse Current. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-023-00815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the bipolar-type alkaline water electrolysis powered by renewable energy, electrocatalysts are degraded by repeated potential change associated with the generation of reverse current. If an electrode has large discharge capacity, the opposite electrode on the same bipolar plate is degraded by the reverse current. In this study, discharge capacity of various transition metal-based electrocatalysts was investigated to clarify the determining factors of electrocatalysts on the reverse current and durability. The discharge capacities from 1.5 to 0.5 V vs. RHE (Qdc,0.5) of electrocatalysts are proportional to the surface area in most cases. The proportionality coefficient, corresponding to the specific capacity, is 1.0 C·m–2 for Co3O4 and 2.3 C·m–2 for manganese-based electrocatalysts. The substitution of Co3+ in Co3O4 with Ni3+ increased Qdc,0.5. The upper limit of theoretical specific capacity for Co3O4 is estimated to be 1.699 C·m–2, meaning the former and latter cases correspond to 2- and 1-electron reactions, respectively, per a cation at the surface. The discharge capacities of the elctrocatalysts increased because of the dissolution and recrystallization of nickel and/or cobalt into metal hydroxides. The increase in the capacities of Co3O4 and NiCo2O4 during ten charge–discharge cycles was below 2–9% and 0.5–38%, respectively. Therefore, if a cathode electrocatalyst with relatively low redox durability is used on the one side of a bipolar plate, it is necessary to control optimum discharge capacity of the anode by changing surface area and constituent metal cations to minimize the generation of reverse current.
Graphical Abstract
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Nanostructures and Oxygen Evolution Overpotentials of Surface Catalyst Layers Synthesized on Various Austenitic Stainless Steel Electrodes. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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