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Lovšin N. Copy Number Variation and Osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:167-172. [PMID: 36795294 PMCID: PMC10105686 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on copy number variations and susceptibility to osteoporosis. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoporosis is highly influenced by genetic factors, including copy number variations (CNVs). The development and accessibility of whole genome sequencing methods has accelerated the study of CNVs and osteoporosis. Recent findings include mutations in novel genes and validation of previously known pathogenic CNVs in monogenic skeletal diseases. Identification of CNVs in genes previously associated with osteoporosis (e.g. RUNX2, COL1A2, and PLS3) has confirmed their importance in bone remodelling. This process has been associated also with the ETV1-DGKB, AGBL2, ATM, and GPR68 genes, identified by comparative genomic hybridisation microarray studies. Importantly, studies in patients with bone pathologies have associated bone disease with the long non-coding RNA LINC01260 and enhancer sequences residing in the HDAC9 gene. Further functional investigation of genetic loci harbouring CNVs associated with skeletal phenotypes will reveal their role as molecular drivers of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Lovšin
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Ge X, Sun T, Zhang Y, Li Y, Gao P, Zhang D, Zhang B, Wang P, Ma W, Lu S. The role and possible mechanism of the long noncoding RNA LINC01260 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:3. [PMID: 35016686 PMCID: PMC8753873 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the differential expression profile of lncRNAs in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model induced by oleic acid (OA) and to further explore the role of LINC01260 (ENST00000255183) in NAFLD, providing theoretical support for the clinical value of lncRNAs in NAFLD. Methods OA (50 μg/mL) was used to induce steatosis in normal human LO2 hepatocytes for 48 h and was verified by Oil red O staining. Differential expression profiles of lncRNAs were obtained by eukaryotic circular sequencing (RNA/lncRNA/circRNA-seq) techniques. A gain-of-function (GOF) strategy for LINC01260 was adopted, Oil red O staining and semiquantitative analysis were combined to explore whether the GOF of LINC01260 affects LO2 cell steatosis. CeRNA-based bioinformatics analysis of lncRNAs was performed, and the enriched mRNAs were further verified. RXRB siRNAs were applied and verify its role in LINC01260 regulated OA-induced hepatocytes steatosis. Results Lipid droplets of different sizes were observed in the cells of the OA group. Absorbance in the OA group was significantly increased after isopropanol decolorization (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the control group, there were 648 lncRNAs with differential expression greater than 1 time in the OA group, of which 351 were upregulated and 297 were downregulated. Fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression of LINC01260 in the OA group was downregulated by 0.35 ± 0.07-fold (P < 0.05). The formation of lipid droplets in LO2 cells of the LINC01260 GOF group decreased significantly (P < 0.05). CeRNA analysis indicated that the mRNA levels of RXRB, RNPEPL1, CD82, MADD and KLC2 were changed to different degrees. Overexpression of LINC01260 significantly induced RXRB transcription (P < 0.05) and translation, and RXRB silence attenuated the lipids decrease induced by LINC01260 overexpression. Conclusion The OA-induced NAFLD cell model has a wide range of lncRNA differential expression profiles. LINC01260 participates in the regulation of the lipid droplet formation process of NAFLD, and its overexpression can significantly inhibit the steatosis process of LO2 cells. Mechanistically, LINC01260 may act as a ceRNA to regulate the expression of RXRB, thereby affecting the adipocytokine signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-021-00634-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Ge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Blood Transfusion Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dantong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanshan Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sumei Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Boudin E, Van Hul W. MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Genetics of human bone formation. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 177:R69-R83. [PMID: 28381451 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Throughout life, bone is continuously remodelled to be able to fulfil its multiple functions. The importance of strictly regulating the bone remodelling process, which is defined by the sequential actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, is shown by a variety of disorders with abnormalities in bone mass and strength. The best known and most common example of such a disorder is osteoporosis, which is marked by a decreased bone mass and strength that consequently results in an increased fracture risk. As osteoporosis is a serious health problem, a large number of studies focus on elucidating the aetiology of the disease as well as on the identification of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteoporotic patients. These studies have demonstrated that a large amount of variation in bone mass and strength is often influenced by genetic variation in genes encoding important regulators of bone homeostasis. Throughout the years, studies into the genetic causes of osteoporosis as well as several rare monogenic disorders with abnormal high or low bone mass and strength have largely increased the knowledge on regulatory pathways important for bone resorption and formation. This review gives an overview of genes and pathways that are important for the regulation of bone formation and that are identified through their involvement in monogenic and complex disorders with abnormal bone mass. Furthermore, novel bone-forming strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis that resulted from these discoveries, such as antibodies against sclerostin, are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Boudin
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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