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Tsartsapakis I, Gerou M, Zafeiroudi A, Kellis E. Transversus Abdominis Ultrasound Thickness during Popular Trunk-Pilates Exercises in Young and Middle-Aged Women. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:110. [PMID: 37606405 PMCID: PMC10443248 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8030110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The transversus abdominis (TrA) is a core muscle that contributes to functional mobility and lumbar stability. This study aimed to compare the changes in TrA thickness during different Pilates exercises, and to identify the exercise that elicited the greatest TrA activation. Forty-four healthy women were divided into two groups: young (25-35 years old) and middle-aged (36-55 years old). TrA thickness was assessed by ultrasound while the participants performed five Pilates exercises: basic position, hundred, hip roll, side plank, and dead bug. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that the dead bug exercise induced a significantly higher increase in TrA thickness (relative to rest) than the other exercises (p < 0.05). The young group also showed a significantly higher overall TrA thickness than the middle-aged group (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that the dead bug exercise is the most effective for enhancing TrA activation among the Pilates exercises tested. The basic position and the hundred exercises can be used as warm-up exercises before performing more challenging exercises such as the hip roll, the side plank, and the dead bug. The sequence of exercises can be similar for both young and middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tsartsapakis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
| | - Maria Gerou
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
| | - Aglaia Zafeiroudi
- Department Physical Education & Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Kellis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.)
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Yıldırım P, Basol G, Karahan AY. Pilates-based therapeutic exercise for pregnancy-related low back and pelvic pain: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 69:207-215. [PMID: 37671372 PMCID: PMC10475913 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2023.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we aimed to clarify the impact of a Pilates-based therapeutic exercise on disability, pain, mood, and sleep quality in patients with pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain (LPP). Patients and methods In the single-blinded randomized controlled study conducted between January 2018 and June 2018, 34 pregnant women (mean age: 29.7±6.2 years; range, 18 to 40 years) in the second trimester (week 14-24) with LPP were randomly assigned to a control group and a Pilates group. All patients underwent usual prenatal care. In addition, the selected Pilates exercise was carried out twice a week for 60-min per session for 12 weeks in the Pilates group. The control group was not prescribed an exercise regimen; however, they were not discouraged from exercising. The primary outcome was disability; secondary outcomes were LPP, mood, and sleep quality. Disability [Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ)], LPP [Visual Analog Scale (VAS)], mood [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression (HADS-D) subscales], and sleep quality [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)] were measured before and after 12 weeks. Adverse effects and adherence were recorded to determine exercise safety and compliance. The intention-to-treat analysis was applied. Results The between-group effect sizes were moderate for the RMDQ and VAS scales (d=0.4 and d=0.7, respectively) and small for the HADS-A and HADS-D scales (both d=0.2). The intention-to-treat analysis demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in disability, pain, and mood in favor of the Pilates group (p0.05). Conclusion Adding Pilates to usual prenatal care should be considered a promising treatment option for pregnancy-related LPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Yıldırım
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Gulfem Basol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Ali Yavuz Karahan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uşak University, Uşak, Türkiye
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Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Zahiri A, Anvar SH, Goudini R, Hicks JP, Konrad A, Behm DG. Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2023; 53:707-722. [PMID: 36622555 PMCID: PMC9935664 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is known that resistance training can be as effective as stretch training to increase joint range of motion, to date no comprehensive meta-analysis has investigated the effects of resistance training on range of motion with all its potential affecting variables. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of chronic resistance training on range of motion compared either to a control condition or stretch training or to a combination of resistance training and stretch training to stretch training, while assessing moderating variables. DESIGN For the main analysis, a random-effect meta-analysis was used and for the subgroup analysis a mixed-effect model was implemented. Whilst subgroup analyses included sex and participants' activity levels, meta-regression included age, frequency, and duration of resistance training. DATA SOURCES Following the systematic search in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and reference lists, 55 studies were found to be eligible. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Controlled or randomized controlled trials that separately compared the training effects of resistance training exercises with either a control group, stretching group, or combined stretch and resistance training group on range of motion in healthy participants. RESULTS Resistance training increased range of motion (effect size [ES] = 0.73; p < 0.001) with the exception of no significant range of motion improvement with resistance training using only body mass. There were no significant differences between resistance training versus stretch training (ES = 0.08; p = 0.79) or between resistance training and stretch training versus stretch training alone (ES = - 0.001; p = 0.99). Although "trained or active people" increased range of motion (ES = 0.43; p < 0.001) "untrained and sedentary" individuals had significantly (p = 0.005) higher magnitude range of motion changes (ES = 1.042; p < 0.001). There were no detected differences between sex and contraction type. Meta-regression showed no effect of age, training duration, or frequency. CONCLUSIONS As resistance training with external loads can improve range of motion, stretching prior to or after resistance training may not be necessary to enhance flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- Department of Sport Injuries, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Jared P Hicks
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Andreas Konrad
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.,Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz, Austria.,Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David George Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
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Acar Y, İlçin N, Gürpınar B, Can G. The effects of clinical pilates training on disease-specific indices, core stability, and balance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 33:69-75. [PMID: 36775528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of clinical Pilates training on disease-specific indices, core stability, and balance in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. METHODS AS patients were randomly assigned to either the Pilates group (PG) or control group (CG). The PG participated in Pilates training 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Patients in the CG were instructed to follow a home exercise program for 8 weeks. Assessments were performed before and after the interventions. BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, and the AS Quality of Life (ASqOL) questionnaire were used were used to evaluate disease activity, functionality spinal mobility and quality of life respectively. Static core endurance was assessed with trunk flexor, extensor endurance, and lateral bridge tests, while dynamic core endurance was assessed using modified sit-up test. Balance was evaluated with bilateral and unilateral stance static postural stability (PS), bilateral stance dynamic PS and limits of stability (LOS) tests using the Biodex Balance System. RESULTS Twenty-one patients in the PG and 21 patients in the CG completed the study. PG showed statistically significant improvements in BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, and ASQoL scores, all core endurance tests, and dynamic PS and LOS results. The CG demonstrated significant improvement only in flexor endurance and LOS results. Post-intervention BASDAI, BASMI, and all core endurance tests were significantly better in the PG than in the CG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Pilates training has positive effects on disease activity and functional capacity, spinal mobility, core endurance, balance, and quality of life in AS patients. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT04292028.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Acar
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Physical Theraphy and Rehabilitation Department, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Nursen İlçin
- School of Physical Theraphy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Barış Gürpınar
- School of Physical Theraphy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Gerçek Can
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
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Physical and psychological effects of neuromuscular integrative activity vs Pilates on sedentary females. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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The Effects of Abdominal Hollowing and Bracing Maneuvers on Trunk Muscle Activity and Pelvic Rotation Angle during Leg Pull Front Pilates Exercise. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010060. [PMID: 36611520 PMCID: PMC9818814 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilates methods use mats for trunk muscles stabilization exercises, and leg pull front (LPF) is one of the traditional Pilates mat exercises. Abdominal hollowing (AH) and Abdominal bracing (AB) maneuvers are recommended to stabilize the trunk muscles and prevent unwanted pelvic movement during motion. This study aimed to explore the effects of AH and AB on electromyography (EMG) activity of the trunk muscles and angle of pelvic rotation during LPF. A total of 20 healthy volunteers participated in the study. AH, AB, and without any condition (WC) were randomly performed during LPF exercise. Each was repeated three times for 5 s. The trunk muscle activities were measured using EMG and rotation of pelvis was measured using a Smart KEMA device. The activities of the transversus abdominis/obliquus internus abdominis (TrA/IO) and right obliquus externus abdominis (EO) muscles were highest in LPF-AH compared to the other conditions. Multifidus (MF) activity was significantly greater in LPF-AH and LPF-AB compared to that of without any condition. The pelvic rotation angle was significantly smaller in LPF-AB. Therefore, AH maneuver during LPF for trunk muscle stabilization exercises is suitable for selective activation of the TrA/IO, and AB maneuver during LPF is recommended for the prevention of unwanted pelvic rotation.
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Fallahasady E, Rahmanloo N, Seidi F, Rajabi R, Bayattork M. The relationship between core muscle endurance and functional movement screen scores in females with lumbar hyperlordosis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:182. [PMID: 36229857 PMCID: PMC9563468 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Core muscle endurance is essential for proper movement and lower extremity injury prevention. In addition, the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) score is a tool to assess body movement patterns to predict the risk of injury. Although various researches have investigated the relationship between the core muscle endurance and the FMS score, no study has ever assessed the effect of postural deformity on the FMS score. This study investigates the relationship between core muscle endurance and FMS scores in females with lumbar hyperlordosis. Methods 42 healthy females aged 24.03 ± 4.4 years with hyperlordosis ( > = 45/66 degrees) participated in this study. Core muscle endurance was assessed by the McGill stability test. Correlations were evaluated between the FMS score, McGill test, and lordosis angle using spearman correlation coefficients (p ≤ 0.05). Results Most individual FMS scores were not correlated with the McGill test except stability trunk push up. Also, lordosis angle was not correlated with the FMS composite score (r=-0.077; p = 0.631), while it was negatively correlated with the McGill test (r=-0.650; p = 0.000). Conclusion The lack of correlation between the FMS score and the McGill test implies that one’s level of core endurance may not influence their functional movement patterns. In contrast, the lumbar lordosis angle might impact one’s core muscle endurance but not their functional movement patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiva Fallahasady
- Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafise Rahmanloo
- Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foad Seidi
- Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Rajabi
- Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bayattork
- Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Abd-Elfattah HM, Galal DOSM, Aly MIE, Aly SM, Elnegamy TE. Effect of Pilates Exercises on Standing, Walking, and Balance in Children With Diplegic Cerebral Palsy. Ann Rehabil Med 2022; 46:45-52. [PMID: 35272439 PMCID: PMC8913271 DOI: 10.5535/arm.21148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze how Pilates exercises affect standing, walking, and balance in children with diplegic cerebral palsy throughout a 10-week program. Methods We included 40 children aged 7–9 years with diplegic cerebral palsy, and randomly allocated them into two groups of the same size: conventional therapy group (group A) and conventional therapy+Pilates group (group B). We administered the same conventional physical therapy program to both groups for 45 minutes, with group B receiving additional Pilates exercises for 45 minutes. Both groups attended the intervention program three times/week for 10 weeks. We used the Growth Motor Function Measure Scale (GMFM-88) to evaluate standing and walking (Dimensions D and E), and the Pediatric Balance Scale to evaluate balance function before and after treatment. Results Comparison of the average values of all measured variables before and after therapy showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the two groups. All measured variables showed a significant difference between groups A and B, in favor of group B (p<0.05). Conclusion Pilates exercise in addition to conventional therapy is more effective in improving balance and gross motor function in children with diplegic cerebral palsy than the conventional therapy alone.
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Ragurajaprakash K. Vertical spinal instability – Advanced neuromuscular therapy protocol. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2021.101165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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10
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Çitil ET, Kaya N. Effect of pilates exercises on premenstrual syndrome symptoms: a quasi-experimental study. Complement Ther Med 2020; 57:102623. [PMID: 33246104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was done to identify the effect of pilates exercises on the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. DESIGN A quasi experimental was conducted on university student with premenstrual syndrome. METHODS Population of the study included midwifery students with premenstrual syndrome at Istanbul University Faculty of Health Sciences (N = 286) and 50 of them became the sample (25 in experimental group and 25 in control group). Non-probablistic sampling method was used. While the students in experimental group were asked to practice the pilates exercises for three months, the students in control group were told to maintain their routine habits. At the end of the three months, premenstrual syndrome problem of experimental and control group was diagnosed and the effect of pilates on premenstrual syndrome was evaluated. Premenstrual Syndrome symptoms were evaluated through Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). The high score received from PMSS shows that the symptoms are intensive. RESULTS It was seen that the students in the experimental and control group were similar in terms of their aspects which were individual, health and could affect premenstrual syndrome (p > 005). A statistical significant difference was not found between total scores and sub-dimension scores of PMSS in experimental and control group (p < 0.05). It was seen that PMSS total score of experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group (p < 0.001). When in-group comparisons were examined, it was identified that PMSS scores of control group did not change at the beginning and end of exercise, but PMSS score of experimental group at the end of exercise was lower than their score received at the beginning of exercise and, the difference was statistically significant to the highest degree (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION It was seen that the pilates exercises, which were practiced in this research, decreased the PMS symptoms considerably. In this regard, the pilates exercises have an important role in healing the PMS symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Tuğçe Çitil
- Department of Midwifery, Health Science Faculty, Kütahya Health Science University, in Kütahya, Turkey.
| | - Nurten Kaya
- Department of Midwifery, Health Science Faculty, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa in İstanbul, Turkey.
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Hansberger BL, Loutsch R, Hancock C, Bonser R, Zeigel A, Baker RT. EVALUATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLINICAL ASSESSMENTS OF APPARENT HAMSTRING TIGHTNESS: A CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2019; 14:253-263. [PMID: 30997277 PMCID: PMC6449015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hamstring tightness is a common condition typically assessed via the active knee extension (AKE), passive straight leg raise (PSLR), V-sit and reach (VSR), and finger-floor-distance (FFD). PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between four common clinical tests of apparent hamstring tightness. A secondary purpose was to compare the differences in correlations between sub-groups based on positive test findings. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive, correlational laboratory design. METHODS Recreationally active individuals (N = 81; 23.7 ± 5.9 years) performed the AKE, PSLR, VSR, and FFD in a randomized order, and subsequent correlational analyses were conducted. RESULTS Strong correlations were identified between the VSR and FFD (r = -.798, r2 = .637, p < .001); moderate correlations were demonstrated between the PSLR and FFD (r = -.565, r2 = .319, p < .001) and PSLR and VSR (r = .536, r2 = .287, p < .001). Low correlations were found between the PSLR and AKE (r = -.284, r2 = .081, p = 0.01), AKE and VSR (r = -.297, r2 = .088, p = .007), and AKE and FFD (r = .263, r2 = .069, p = .018). If one assessment was identified in a subject as dysfunctional, all relationships were affected, regardless of which assessment was dysfunctional. CONCLUSIONS The AKE, one of the most common measures for apparent hamstring tightness, has low correlations with the other assessments. Based on the findings of this study, it is possible that not all assessments of AHT are measuring the same phenomena, with each involving different factors of perceived hamstring length. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2b.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alli Zeigel
- Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO, USA
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Ahn SH, Lee JS, Kim CG. The Effect of Core Training on Fitness, Trunk Isokinetic Muscular Function, and Body-Composition in Boxing Athletes. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2018.20.4.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Yates AV, Donlin AA, Beneck GJ, Schick EE. The influence of surface angle on trunk muscle activity during Pilates based exercises. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2018; 22:888-895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Finatto P, Silva ESD, Okamura AB, Almada BP, Oliveira HB, Peyré-Tartaruga LA. Pilates training improves 5-km run performance by changing metabolic cost and muscle activity in trained runners. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194057. [PMID: 29561907 PMCID: PMC5862462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Strength training improves distance running economy and performance. This finding is based predominantly on maximal and explosive strength programmes applied to locomotor muscles, particularly on the lower limbs. It is not certain whether a minimization of metabolic cost (Cmet) and an improvement in running performance is feasible with strength training of the postural and trunk muscles. Methods Using kinematic, neuromuscular and metabolic measurements of running at two different speeds before and after a 12-week Pilates training programme, we tested the hypothesis that core training might improve the running Cmet and performance of trained runners. Thirty-two individuals were randomly assigned to the control group (CG, n = 16) or the Pilates group (PG, n = 16). Results Confirming our hypothesis, a significant improvement (p<0.05) was observed for running performance in the PG (pre: 25.65±0.4 min; post: 23.23±0.4 min) compared to the CG (pre: 25.33±0.58 min; post: 24.61±0.52 min). Similarly, the PG (4.33±0.07 J.kg-1.m-1) had better responses than the CG (4.71±0.11 J.kg-1.m-1) during post-training for Cmet. These findings were accompanied by decreased electromyographic activity of the postural muscles at submaximal running intensities in the PG. Conclusions Overall, these results provide a rationale for selecting strength training strategies that target adaptations on specific postural and locomotor muscles for trained distance runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Finatto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Edson Soares Da Silva
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre B. Okamura
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna P. Almada
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Henrique B. Oliveira
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A. Peyré-Tartaruga
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Joyce AA, Kotler DH. Core Training in Low Back Disorders: Role of the Pilates Method. Curr Sports Med Rep 2018; 16:156-161. [PMID: 28498224 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Pilates method is a system of exercises developed by Joseph Pilates, which emphasizes recruitment and strengthening of the core muscles, flexibility, and breathing, to promote stability and control of movement. Its focus bears similarity to current evidence-based exercise programs for low back disorders. Spinal stability is a function of three interdependent systems, osseoligamentous, muscular, and neural control; exercise addresses both the muscular and neural function. The "core" typically refers to the muscular control required to maintain functional stability. Prior research has highlighted the importance of muscular strength and recruitment, with debate over the importance of individual muscles in the wider context of core control. Though developed long before the current evidence, the Pilates method is relevant in this setting and clearly relates to current evidence-based exercise interventions. Current literature supports the Pilates method as a treatment for low back disorders, but its benefit when compared with other exercise is less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Joyce
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Paungmali A, Joseph LH, Punturee K, Sitilertpisan P, Pirunsan U, Uthaikhup S. Immediate Effects of Core Stabilization Exercise on β-Endorphin and Cortisol Levels Among Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Crossover Design. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2018; 41:181-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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17
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Mohan V, Paungmali A, Sitilerpisan P, Hashim UF, Mazlan MB, Nasuha TN. Respiratory characteristics of individuals with non-specific low back pain: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2018; 20:224-230. [PMID: 29421851 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-specific low back pain (NS-LBP) is known to cause respiratory dysfunction. In this study, we investigated alterations in breathing, respiratory strength and endurance, core stability, diaphragm mobility, and chest expansion among patients with NS-LBP and healthy individuals. The specific aim of the study was to correlate between respiratory function and other variables among NS-LBP patients. Thirty four patients with NS-LBP were matched with 34 healthy participants before undergoing total faulty breathing scale, spirometer, respiratory pressure meter, chest expansion, ultrasound, and pressure biofeedback measurements. There were signs of faulty breathing in the NS-LBP patients when compared to the healthy participants. Diaphragmatic mobility and respiratory muscle endurance were lower in the NS-LBP group. Chest expansion exhibited a significant decrease at the level of the fourth intercostal space in the NS-LBP group, but respiratory muscle strength and core stability were not significant between the two groups. Positive correlations were found to be fairly significant regarding respiratory muscle strength. The findings of this study indicated altered respiratory characteristics in the NS-LBP patients, and suggested that they would improve through respiratory exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mohan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Centre of Physiotherapy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Aatit Paungmali
- Department of Physical Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Ummi F Hashim
- Centre of Medical Imaging, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Munifa B Mazlan
- Centre of Physiotherapy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Tuan N Nasuha
- Centre of Physiotherapy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
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18
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Machado PM, Alves MC, Hendler KG, Benetti VB, Souza Neto RJD, Barbosa RI, Marcolino AM, Kuriki HU. Effectiveness of the Pilates method for individuals with nonspecific low back pain: clinical and electromyographic aspects. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700040009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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19
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Yates AV, Donlin AA, Beneck GJ, Schick EE. The influence of surface angle on muscle activity during Pilates based exercises. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2018; 22:225-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Branco ANC, Miyamoto GC, Soliano ACG, Farhat HA, Franco KFM, Cabral CMN. Comparação da satisfação, motivação, flexibilidade e dor muscular tardia entre método Pilates moderno e método Pilates instável. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/17685224042017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a satisfação e motivação para a prática de exercício físico, flexibilidade e dor muscular tardia (DMT) em participantes saudáveis após exercícios de duas modalidades do método Pilates. Para isso, cinquenta participantes saudáveis realizaram uma sessão de exercícios do Pilates moderno e outra do Pilates instável. Foram avaliados os desfechos satisfação e motivação após as sessões, flexibilidade posterior do tronco e membros inferiores (banco de Wells) antes e após cada sessão, e DMT 24, 48 e 72 horas após cada sessão (Escala Numérica de Dor). Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as duas modalidades do Pilates para satisfação e motivação, flexibilidade e DMT 72 horas após a sessão (p>0,05). Para a DMT foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre as duas modalidades 24 horas (diferença entre as médias: -0,7; IC a 95%: -1,5 a 0,0) e 48 horas (diferença entre as médias: -0,8; IC a 95%: -1,4 a -0,2) após a sessão, com maior dor no Pilates instável. Como conclusão, as duas modalidades do Pilates apresentaram o mesmo nível de satisfação e motivação e ganho similar de flexibilidade. No entanto, o Pilates instável causou mais DMT após 24 e 48 horas, mas essa diferença não foi clinicamente relevante.
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21
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Paungmali A, Joseph LH, Sitilertpisan P, Pirunsan U, Uthaikhup S. Lumbopelvic Core Stabilization Exercise and Pain Modulation Among Individuals with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain. Pain Pract 2017; 17:1008-1014. [PMID: 28042685 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbopelvic stabilization training (LPST) may provide therapeutic benefits on pain modulation in chronic nonspecific low back pain conditions. This study aimed to examine the effects of LPST on pain threshold and pain intensity in comparison with the passive automated cycling intervention and control intervention among patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. METHODS A within-subject, repeated-measures, crossover randomized controlled design was conducted among 25 participants (7 males and 18 females) with chronic nonspecific low back pain. All the participants received 3 different types of experimental interventions, which included LPST, the passive automated cycling intervention, and the control intervention randomly, with 48 hours between the sessions. The pressure pain threshold (PPT), hot-cold pain threshold, and pain intensity were estimated before and after the interventions. RESULTS Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that LPST provided therapeutic effects as it improved the PPT beyond the placebo and control interventions (P < 0.01). The pain intensity under the LPST condition was significantly better than that under the passive automated cycling intervention and controlled intervention (P < 0.001). Heat pain threshold under the LPST condition also showed a significant trend of improvement beyond the control (P < 0.05), but no significant effects on cold pain threshold were evident. CONCLUSIONS Lumbopelvic stabilization training may provide therapeutic effects by inducing pain modulation through an improvement in the pain threshold and reduction in pain intensity. LPST may be considered as part of the management programs for treatment of chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aatit Paungmali
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Leonard H Joseph
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Physiotherapy Programme, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patraporn Sitilertpisan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ubon Pirunsan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sureeporn Uthaikhup
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Kim ST, Lee JH. The effects of Pilates breathing trainings on trunk muscle activation in healthy female subjects: a prospective study. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:194-197. [PMID: 28265138 PMCID: PMC5332969 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the effects of Pilates breathing on trunk muscle activation.
[Subjects and Methods] Twenty-eight healthy female adults were selected for this study.
Participants’ trunk muscle activations were measured while they performed curl-ups,
chest-head lifts, and lifting tasks. Pilates breathing trainings were performed for 60
minutes per each session, 3 times per week for 2 weeks. Post-training muscle activations
were measured by the same methods used for the pre-training muscle activations. [Results]
All trunk muscles measured in this study had increased activities after Pilates breathing
trainings. All activities of the transversus abdominis/internal abdominal oblique, and
multifidus significantly increased. [Conclusion] Pilates breathing increased activities of
the trunk stabilizer muscles. Activation of the trunk muscle indicates that practicing
Pilates breathing while performing lifting tasks will reduce the risk of trunk
injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Tae Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Cheongju University, Republic of Korea
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23
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Optimizing Function for the Older Adult With Degenerative Scoliosis Through Pilates Environment Intervention. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Pilates for Conditioning of Equestrian Master Athletes. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yoon S, Kim JN, Lim HS. Effects of modified Pilates on variability of inter-joint coordination during walking in the elderly. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:3463-3467. [PMID: 28174474 PMCID: PMC5276783 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.3463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of an 8-week modified Pilates program
on the variability of inter-joint coordination in the elderly during walking. [Subjects
and Methods] Twenty elderly participants with no recent history of orthopedic
abnormalities (age, 67.9 ± 2.7 years; height, 163.7 ± 8.9 cm; weight, 67.1 ± 11.6 kg) were
recruited for this study and randomly allocated to a modified Pilates exercise group or a
control group. Three-dimensional motion analysis was performed on both groups to evaluate
the effects of the Pilates exercise. [Results] There was no significant difference in the
joint variability of the ankle, knee, and hip joints between the groups, both before
training and after training. However, there was a significant increase in the hip-knee
deviation phase value in the exercise group after the program was completed, and this
increase was also significant when compared with that in the control group. [Conclusion]
This study has demonstrated that an 8-week modified Pilates exercise program can have a
positive impact on the gait of elderly participants, potentially by enhancing
neuromuscular adjustment, which may have positive implications for reducing their fall
risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhoon Yoon
- Department of Community Sport, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Nyeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sung Lim
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea
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26
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Comparison between static stretching and the Pilates method on the flexibility of older women. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 20:800-806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Roh S, Gil HJ, Yoon S. Effects of 8 weeks of mat-based Pilates exercise on gait in chronic stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:2615-2619. [PMID: 27799706 PMCID: PMC5080188 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week program
of Pilates exercise on gait in chronic hemiplegia patients and to determine whether or not
it can be used for rehabilitation in postsrtoke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty
individuals with unilateral chronic hemiparetic stroke (age, 66.1 ± 4.4 yrs; height, 162.3
± 8.3 cm; weight, 67.4 ± 12.3 kg) participated in this study and were randomly allocated
equally to either a Pilates exercise group or a control group. To identify the effects of
Pilates exercise, a 3-D motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras was performed. [Results]
For the gait parameters, improvements were found in the Pilates exercise group for all
variables, and statistical significance was observed for stride length, gait velocity,
knee range of motion and hip range of motion. For the asymmetry indexes, insignificant
improvements were found for all variables in the Pilates exercise group. [Conclusion] In
conclusion, an 8-week program of Pilates exercise had a positive influence on improving
the gait ability of poststroke patients, and the intervention could be applied to
poststroke patients with various levels of physical disability by adjusting the intensity
of training.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuYeon Roh
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation and Welfare, Gachon University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jong Gil
- Department of Community Sport, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukhoon Yoon
- Department of Community Sport, Korea National Sport University, Republic of Korea
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28
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Physical and psychological benefits of once-a-week Pilates exercises in young sedentary women: A 10-week longitudinal study. Physiol Behav 2016; 163:211-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cruz JC, Liberali R, Cruz TMFD, Netto MIA. The Pilates method in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review. FISIOTERAPIA EM MOVIMENTO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-5918.029.003.ao19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Joseph Pilates created an authentic method of physical and mental conditioning, which he called Contrology and defined as the complete coordination of body, mind and spirit. Recent studies indicate that the Pilates Method is a useful tool in rehabilitation can improve overall health, sports performance and help in the prevention and attenuation of injuries and disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent and costly conditions that develop gradually, presenting a chronic course and often remain untreated. Objective: This study aimed to identify the effects of the Pilates Method in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders through a systematic review. Methods: An active search was performed in the PubMed, PEDro, Scielo and Bireme databases. A total of 24 studies were pre-selected and their methodological quality was evaluated based on the PEDro scale. Of these, 14 fulfilled the selection criteria. Results: The studies analyzed indicate that Pilates can be effective both for the treatment of conditions such as scoliosis, back pain, ankylosing spondylitis and breast cancer, and for preventing injuries in adults, elderly people and athletes. Conclusion: The high methodological variability requires that these studies be viewed with caution. It indicates the need for the performance of new studies with high methodological quality and standardization of evaluation instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Cristiane Cruz
- Universidade Gama Filho, Brazil; Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Brazil
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Tinoco-Fernández M, Jiménez-Martín M, Sánchez-Caravaca MA, Fernández-Pérez AM, Ramírez-Rodrigo J, Villaverde-Gutiérrez C. The Pilates method and cardiorespiratory adaptation to training. Res Sports Med 2016; 24:281-6. [DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2016.1202829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Kliziene I, Sipaviciene S, Vilkiene J, Astrauskiene A, Cibulskas G, Klizas S, Cizauskas G. Effects of a 16-week Pilates exercises training program for isometric trunk extension and flexion strength. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 21:124-132. [PMID: 28167168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Pilates exercises designed to improve isometric trunk extension and flexion strength of muscles in women with chronic low back pain (cLBP). PARTICIPANTS Female volunteers with cLBP were divided into an experimental group (EG; n = 27) and a control group (CG; n = 27). INTERVENTION Pilates exercises were performed twice per week by the EG; the duration of each session was 60 min. The program lasted for 16 weeks; thus patients underwent a total of 32 exercise sessions. RESULTS The maximum isometric waist bending strength of the EG had improved significantly (p = 0.001) after 16 weeks of the Pilates program. The results of trunk flexion muscle endurance tests significantly depended on the trunk extension muscle endurance before the intervention, and at 1 month (r = 0.723, p < 0.001) and 2 months (r = 0.779, p < 0.001) after the Pilates exercise program. At the end of the 16-week exercise program, cLBP intensity decreased by 2.01 ± 0.8 (p < 0.05) in the EG, and this reduction persisted for 1 month after completion of the program. CONCLUSIONS At 1 and 2 months after cessation of the Pilates exercise program the pain intensified and the functional state deteriorated much faster than the maximum trunk muscle strength. Therefore, it can be concluded that, to decrease pain and improve functional condition, regular exercise (and not only improved strength and endurance) is required. We established that, although the 16-week lumbar stabilization exercise program increased isometric trunk extension and flexion strength and this increase in strength persisted for 2 months, decreased LBP and improved functional condition endured for only 1 month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kliziene
- Department of Education Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Saule Sipaviciene
- Department of Applied Biology and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Jovita Vilkiene
- Department of Education Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Audrone Astrauskiene
- Department of Education Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Gintautas Cibulskas
- Department of Education Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Sarunas Klizas
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Ginas Cizauskas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Yamato TP, Maher CG, Saragiotto BT, Hancock MJ, Ostelo RWJG, Cabral CMN, Menezes Costa LC, Costa LOP. Pilates for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD010265. [PMID: 26133923 PMCID: PMC8078578 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010265.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-specific low back pain is a major health problem worldwide. Interventions based on exercises have been the most commonly used treatments for patients with this condition. Over the past few years, the Pilates method has been one of the most popular exercise programmes used in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of the Pilates method for patients with non-specific acute, subacute or chronic low back pain. SEARCH METHODS We conducted the searches in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and SPORTDiscus from the date of their inception to March 2014. We updated the search in June 2015 but these results have not yet been incorporated. We also searched the reference lists of eligible papers as well as six trial registry websites. We placed no limitations on language or date of publication. SELECTION CRITERIA We only included randomised controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of Pilates intervention in adults with acute, subacute or chronic non-specific low back pain. The primary outcomes considered were pain, disability, global impression of recovery and quality of life. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two independent raters performed the assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using the 'Risk of bias' assessment tool recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration. We also assessed clinical relevance by scoring five questions related to this domain as 'yes', 'no' or 'unclear'. We evaluated the overall quality of evidence using the GRADE approach and for effect sizes we used three levels: small (mean difference (MD) < 10% of the scale), medium (MD 10% to 20% of the scale) or large (MD > 20% of the scale). We converted outcome measures to a common 0 to 100 scale when different scales were used. MAIN RESULTS The search retrieved 126 trials; 10 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and we included them in the review (a total sample of 510 participants). Seven studies were considered to have low risk of bias, and three were considered as high risk of bias.A total of six trials compared Pilates to minimal intervention. There is low quality evidence that Pilates reduces pain compared with minimal intervention, with a medium effect size at short-term follow-up (less than three months after randomisation) (MD -14.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) -18.91 to -9.19). For intermediate-term follow-up (at least three months but less than 12 months after randomisation), two trials provided moderate quality evidence that Pilates reduces pain compared to minimal intervention, with a medium effect size (MD -10.54, 95% CI -18.46 to -2.62). Based on five trials, there is low quality evidence that Pilates improves disability compared with minimal intervention, with a small effect size at short-term follow-up (MD -7.95, 95% CI -13.23 to -2.67), and moderate quality evidence for an intermediate-term effect with a medium effect size (MD -11.17, 95% CI -18.41 to -3.92). Based on one trial and low quality evidence, a significant short-term effect with a small effect size was reported for function (MD 1.10, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.97) and global impression of recovery (MD 1.50, 95% CI 0.70 to 2.30), but not at intermediate-term follow-up for either outcome.Four trials compared Pilates to other exercises. For the outcome pain, we presented the results as a narrative synthesis due to the high level of heterogeneity. At short-term follow-up, based on low quality evidence, two trials demonstrated a significant effect in favour of Pilates and one trial did not find a significant difference. At intermediate-term follow-up, based on low quality evidence, one trial reported a significant effect in favour of Pilates, and one trial reported a non-significant difference for this comparison. For disability, there is moderate quality evidence that there is no significant difference between Pilates and other exercise either in the short term (MD -3.29, 95% CI -6.82 to 0.24) or in the intermediate term (MD -0.91, 95% CI -5.02 to 3.20) based on two studies for each comparison. Based on low quality evidence and one trial, there was no significant difference in function between Pilates and other exercises at short-term follow-up (MD 0.10, 95% CI -2.44 to 2.64), but there was a significant effect in favour of other exercises for intermediate-term function, with a small effect size (MD -3.60, 95% CI -7.00 to -0.20). Global impression of recovery was not assessed in this comparison and none of the trials included quality of life outcomes. Two trials assessed adverse events in this review, one did not find any adverse events, and another reported minor events. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We did not find any high quality evidence for any of the treatment comparisons, outcomes or follow-up periods investigated. However, there is low to moderate quality evidence that Pilates is more effective than minimal intervention for pain and disability. When Pilates was compared with other exercises we found a small effect for function at intermediate-term follow-up. Thus, while there is some evidence for the effectiveness of Pilates for low back pain, there is no conclusive evidence that it is superior to other forms of exercises. The decision to use Pilates for low back pain may be based on the patient's or care provider's preferences, and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiê P Yamato
- Sydney Medical School, The University of SydneyMusculoskeletal Division, The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyAustralia
| | - Christopher G Maher
- Sydney Medical School, The University of SydneyMusculoskeletal Division, The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyAustralia
| | - Bruno T Saragiotto
- Sydney Medical School, The University of SydneyMusculoskeletal Division, The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyAustralia
| | - Mark J Hancock
- Macquarie UniversityFaculty of Human SciencesGround floor, 75 Talavera Rd.Macquarie ParkSydneyAustralia
| | - Raymond WJG Ostelo
- VU UniversityDepartment of Health Sciences, EMGO Institute for Health and Care ResearchPO Box 7057AmsterdamNetherlands1007 MB
| | - Cristina MN Cabral
- Universidade Cidade de São PauloMasters and Doctoral Programs in Physical TherapyRua Cesário Galeno,448São PauloBrazil03071‐000
| | - Luciola C Menezes Costa
- Universidade Cidade de São PauloMasters and Doctoral Programs in Physical TherapyRua Cesário Galeno,448São PauloBrazil03071‐000
| | - Leonardo OP Costa
- Universidade Cidade de São PauloMasters and Doctoral Programs in Physical TherapyRua Cesário Galeno,448São PauloBrazil03071‐000
- The George Institute for Global HealthFaculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, AustraliaLevel 7, 341 George St.SydneyAustraliaNSW 2000
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Oliveira LCD, Oliveira DADAP, Oliveira RFD, Jassi FJ, Martini FAN, Oliveira RGD. Efeitos do método pilates no torque isocinético dos extensores e flexores do joelho: estudo piloto. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-86922015210102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: apesar da popularização do método Pilates como forma de exercício físico, os estudos com a técnica ainda não têm explorado os seus efeitos sobre o torque isocinético dos músculos extensores e flexores do joelho.OBJETIVO: verificar os efeitos do método Pilates no torque isocinético dos extensores e flexores do joelho em mulheres jovens.MÉTODOS: 10 voluntárias foram submetidas à avaliação isocinética (60°/s e 300°/s) dos extensores e flexores do joelho, do membro inferior dominante, pré e pós-intervenção com o método Pilates, considerando-se o pico de torque (PT) e o trabalho total (TT). Oito intervenções foram realizadas ao longo de quatro semanas, constando de 28 exercícios de alongamento e fortalecimento para os principais grupos musculares. A análise estatística, utilizando os testes tde Student ou Wilcoxonpara amostras dependentes, foi utilizada (p<0,05).RESULTADOS: os resultados mostraram melhora significativa para a maioria das variáveis observadas, tanto na extensão do joelho (TT 60°/s - 8,98%, p = 0,0166; PT 300°/s - 11,80%, p = 0,0077; TT 300°/s - 19,68%, p = 0,0051), quanto na flexão (PT 60°/s - 11,44%, p = 0,0171; TT 60°/s - 11,55%, p = 0,0395; TT 300°/s - 12,86%, p = 0,0145), com exceção para duas variáveis, uma referente ao movimento de extensão do joelho (PT 60°/s - 3,04%, p = 0,4413) e outra ao movimento de flexão (PT 300°/s - 2,30%, p = 0,3873).CONCLUSÃO: foi possível verificar que oito sessões de Pilates, realizadas ao longo de quatro semanas, proporcionaram melhora significativa do torque isocinético dos músculos extensores e flexores do joelho em mulheres jovens, em relação ao PT e TT (60°/s e 300°/s) para a maioria das variáveis analisadas.
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Kim CS, Kim JY, Kim HJ. The effects of a single bout pilates exercise on mRNA expression of bone metabolic cytokines in osteopenia women. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2014; 18:69-78. [PMID: 25566441 PMCID: PMC4241937 DOI: 10.5717/jenb.2014.18.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a single bout pilates exercise on mRNA expression of bone metabolic cytokines in elderly osteopenia women. [Methods] We selected 11 people of elderly osteopenia women and loaded a single bout pilates exercise about RPE 10-14 level. The blood samples were collected before, immediately after and 60 minute after pilates exercise, then examined calcium metabolic markers in serum and extracted peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from whole blood and confirmed mRNA expression of bone metabolic cytokines from PBMC. To clarify the changes during exercise, we designed repeated measure ANOVA as the control group to perform blood sampling without exercise. [Results] As a result, serum P showed significant interaction effect between group and time (p<.001), the pilates exercise group decreased about 9% at immediately after exercise and 13% during recovery after exercise (p<.05), while the control group showed a tendency to increase. Serum CK also showed a significant interaction between group and time (p<.05), the pilates group significantly increased at immediately after exercise and during recovery after exercise (p<.05) but the control group didn’t have changes. TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression in PBMC was significantly increased in the pilates group (p<.01, p<.05), although INF-γ mRNA expression didn’t show statistically significant difference, it tended to increase in the pilates group (NS). [Conclusion] These results suggested that a single bout pilates exercise of elderly osteopenia women cause hypophosphatemia with temporary muscle damage, and it leading high turnover bone metabolic state with to activate both of bone formation and bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Menacho MDO, Silva MF, Obara K, Mostagi FQRC, Dias JM, Lima TB, Abrão T, Cardoso JR. The Electromyographic Activity of the Multifidus Muscles During the Execution of Two Pilates Exercises—Swan Dive and Breast Stroke—for Healthy People. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2013; 36:319-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Expanding Panjabi's stability model to express movement: a theoretical model. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:692-7. [PMID: 23561576 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel theoretical models of movement have historically inspired the creation of new methods for the application of human movement. The landmark theoretical model of spinal stability by Panjabi in 1992 led to the creation of an exercise approach to spinal stability. This approach however was later challenged, most significantly due to a lack of favourable clinical effect. The concepts explored in this paper address and consider the deficiencies of Panjabi's model then propose an evolution and expansion from a special model of stability to a general one of movement. It is proposed that two body-wide symbiotic elements are present within all movement systems, stability and mobility. The justification for this is derived from the observable clinical environment. It is clinically recognised that these two elements are present and identifiable throughout the body in different joints and muscles, and the neural conduction system. In order to generalise the Panjabi model of stability to include and illustrate movement, a matching parallel mobility system with the same subsystems was conceptually created. In this expanded theoretical model, the new mobility system is placed beside the existing stability system and subsystems. The ability of both stability and mobility systems to work in harmony will subsequently determine the quality of movement. Conversely, malfunction of either system, or their subsystems, will deleteriously affect all other subsystems and consequently overall movement quality. For this reason, in the rehabilitation exercise environment, focus should be placed on the simultaneous involvement of both the stability and mobility systems. It is suggested that the individual's relevant functional harmonious movements should be challenged at the highest possible level without pain or discomfort. It is anticipated that this conceptual expansion of the theoretical model of stability to one with the symbiotic inclusion of mobility, will provide new understandings on human movement. The use of this model may provide a universal system for body movement analysis and understanding musculoskeletal disorders. In turn, this may lead to a simple categorisation system alluding to the functional face-value of a wide range of commonly used passive, active or combined musculoskeletal interventions. Further research is required to investigate the mechanisms that enable or interfere with harmonious body movements. Such work may then potentially lead to new and evolved evidence based interventions.
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Paungmali A, Sitilertpisan P, Taneyhill K, Pirunsan U, Uthaikhup S. Intrarater reliability of pain intensity, tissue blood flow, thermal pain threshold, pressure pain threshold and lumbo-pelvic stability tests in subjects with low back pain. Asian J Sports Med 2012; 3:8-14. [PMID: 22461960 PMCID: PMC3307961 DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.34718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This preliminary study aimed to determine the intrarater reliability of the quantitative tests for the study of non-specific low back pain. Methods Test-retest reliability of the measurements of ratio data was determined by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurements (SEMs), coefficient of variation (CV), and one-way repeated measures ANOVA using the values collected from 13 young individuals (25.8 ± 6.2 years) with chronic non-specific low back pain on two occasions separated by 2 days. Percent agreement of the ordinal data was also determined by Cohen's Kappa statistics (kappa). The measures consisted of tissue blood flow (BF), average pain visual analog scales (VAS), pressure pain threshold (PPT), cold pain threshold (CPT), heat pain threshold (HPT) and lumbo-pelvic stability test (LPST). An acceptable reliability was determined as the ICC values of greater than 0.85, SEMs less than 5%, CV less than 15%, the kappa scores of greater than 80% and no evidence of systematic error (ANOVA, P>0.05). Results ICC of all measures in the lumbo-sacral area were greater than 0.87. The kappa was also greater than 83%. Most measures demonstrated a minimal error of measurements and less potential of systemic error in nature. Only the SEMs and the CV of the CPT exceeded the acceptable level. Conclusions It is concluded that most of the quantitative measurements are reliable for the study of non-specific low back pain, however the CPT should be applied with care as it has a great variation among individuals and potential of measurement error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aatit Paungmali
- Neuro-Musculoskeletal and Pain Research Unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Corresponding Author: Address: Neuro-Musculoskeletal and Pain Research Unit, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 50200. E-mail:
| | - Patraporn Sitilertpisan
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Khanittha Taneyhill
- Neuro-Musculoskeletal and Pain Research Unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ubon Pirunsan
- Neuro-Musculoskeletal and Pain Research Unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sureeporn Uthaikhup
- Neuro-Musculoskeletal and Pain Research Unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Abstract
Dancers frequently present with hip pain. The etiology of this pathology has not been clearly identified from an anatomical perspective. Structural variations including hip dysplasia and dynamic variables from the foot to the pelvis will be discussed. Understanding the etiology as a structural entity, neuromuscular entity or a combination of the two, allows for a successful rehabilitative process and a successful return to dance. This article describes the possible correlation between hip dysplasia and hip pain in the dancer, the relationship of dance postures to the kinematic chain and outlines possible treatment strategies for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Turner
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 525 East 71st Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Eilish O’Sullivan
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 525 East 71st Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Jaime Edelstein
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 525 East 71st Street, New York, NY 10021 USA
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