Opinion toward living liver donation of hospital personnel from units related to organ donation and transplantation: a multicenter study from Spain and latin-america

Validation of the Attitude Toward Living Liver Donation Questionnaire (PCID-DVH-Ríos) in Spanish-Speaking Populations: Characteristics and Psychometric Properties

INTRODUCTION

Given the lack of a sufficient number of livers available for transplantation, living liver donation (LLD) is being developed in the Spanish-speaking world. Knowing the population's attitude toward this donation will help in designing more effective campaigns to increase the number of such donations. However, there are few validated questionnaires.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the psychometric characteristics of questionnaire PCID-DVH-Ríos [questionnaire of the International Collaborative Donor Project about Living Liver Donation ("Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante sobre Donación de Vivo Hepático" in Spanish) developed by Dr. Ríos, in order to validate the questionnaire for the Spanish-speaking population.

METHODS

The study population comprised native Spanish citizens. A sample of the population was obtained randomly and stratified by age and sex (N = 600) according to the following: 1. being older than 18 years; 2. being Spanish; and 3. living in Spain. Attitude was assessed using a validated questionnaire of attitude toward liver donation (PCID-DVH-Ríos). This questionnaire included items distributed into subscales or factors, an initial description of the data, an exploratory factor analysis, and an internal consistency analysis.

RESULTS

The questionnaire consists of a total of 11 items, distributed into 3 subscales: 1. factor 1 (6 items); 2. factor 2 (3 items); and 3. factor 3 (2 items), presenting a total explained variance of 63.995%. The factors have an explained variance of F1: 38.461%; F2: 14.228%; and F3: 11.306%, respectively. The analysis of items and internal consistency supported the 3 factors' composition. The internal consistency of each factor is as follows: α1 = 0.80; α2 = 0.70; and α3 = 0.55, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The dimensions analyzed in the PCID-DVH-Ríos questionnaire on attitudes toward living liver donation show a good fit in relation to their factorial validity and internal consistency values.

Attitude of Upper Egypt Health-Care Professionals Toward Living Liver Donation and Transplantation

BACKGROUND

In Egypt, there is no legislation for deceased donor transplant; therefore, programs provide living donation only. One possible barrier against living liver donation may be the attitude of the health-care professional. This study aimed to (1) assess the level of knowledge and attitude toward liver donation and transplantation among health-care professional in an University Hospital in Upper Egypt and (2) analyze the variables that affect such an attitude.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This was a cross-sectional survey study with 300 health-care professionals.

RESULTS

The mean (standard deviation) age was 27.4 (5.3) years. Two hundred (66.7%) were females, and 257 (85.7%) were Muslims. A total of 222 (74%) were residents in University Hospitals. Of the sample, 104 (34.7%) would donate a living liver part, 122 (40.7%) discussed the matter of organ donation and transplantation with their family, and 134 (44.7%) did not discuss this issue with their family. About 40% knew the attitude of their religion toward organ donation. Most (94.7%) health professionals were <40 years and did not know the attitude of their religion toward this issue. Single persons had more correct information regarding living organ donation and transplantation. More Muslims know the attitude of their religion toward living organ donation and transplantation.

CONCLUSIONS

Independent predictors of accepting living liver donation are being younger, knowledge of religion attitude, and media coverage satisfaction ( P = 0.006, odd ratio [OR] = 0.2; P = 0.000, OR = 0.39; and P = 0.016; OR = 0.38).

Multicenter Stratified Study From Spain About Acceptance of Living Liver Donation Among Veterinarian Students

Veterinarians often hold decision-making positions in the public health care system, and therefore can influence public opinion about organ donation. The objective is to analyze the attitude of Spanish veterinarian students toward living liver donation (LLD) and to establish which factors have an influence on this attitude.

METHODS

A sociological, interdisciplinary, multicenter, and observational study was carried out in the veterinarian students enrolled in Spain (n = 9000) (university academic year 2010-2011). A sample of 2854 students was stratified by geographic area and academic year. A validated questionnaire (PCID-DVH RIOS) was self-administered and completed anonymously. The questionnaire was applied to each academic year at compulsory sessions at randomly selected veterinary schools. Statistical analysis included t test, χ² test, and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

Completion rate was 94% (n = 2683); 89% (n = 2345) were in favor of related LLD, and 40% (n = 1053) supported unrelated LLD. The following variables were associated with a more favorable attitude: (1) age (P < .001), (2) sex (P < .001), (3) academic year (P < .001), (4) believing in the possibility of needing a transplant oneself in the future (P < .001), (5) attitude toward deceased donation (P < .001), (6) attitude toward living kidney donation (P < .001), (7) acceptance of a donated liver segment from a family member if one were needed (P < .001), (8) having discussed the subject with one's family (P = .009) and friends (P < .001), (9) a partner's opinion about the subject (P = .002), and (10) fear of the possible mutilation of the body after donation (P < .001).

CONCLUSION

Spanish veterinary students have a favorable attitude toward LLD.

A Study on the Attitude Toward Kidney Transplantation and Factors Among Hemodialysis Patients in China

BACKGROUND

Kidney transplantation (KT) is the most effective treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, objective data regarding the willingness of patients with end-stage renal disease to undergo transplantation are lacking in China. The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes and impact factors regarding KT among patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis.

METHODS

This study used a cross-sectional approach. Between June and July 2015, a total of 326 hemodialysis outpatients completed a self-designed questionnaire to assess their attitudes toward KT and satisfaction with dialysis.

RESULTS

Patients' mean age was 49.47 years, and the mean duration of hemodialysis was 52 months. Among these patients, 34.9% would like to undergo transplantation, and 4.23% of patients have a potential related living donor. Among the patients wishing to undergo transplantation, 43.93% had started a procedure to be grafted. The minority of patients (45.93%) stated that KT offers a better quality of life; 78.5% believe that it is more expensive than hemodialysis. Overall, 13.36% of patients are willing to become organ donors after death. The main motivating factor for KT was because of study or work difficulties (56.1%). The effects of the following 7 independent variables on attitude were assessed: age, education level, monthly income, sex, duration of hemodialysis, dialysis satisfaction, and reimbursement level.

CONCLUSIONS

To improve hemodialysis patients' accessibility to KT, better information must be provided to patients, their families, and other support providers. Transplantation is the best treatment for patients undergoing hemodialysis, which should be given more attention and political support economically and publicly by the government and some closely related agencies.

Donate a Piece of Liver: Is This an Option Accepted by Future Nurses of Pomeranian Medical University in Poland?

BACKGROUND

Liver transplantation from living donors (LLD) has become a viable and important source of liver grafts. The objective of this study was to analyze the attitude of nursing students at the Pomeranian Medical University in Poland on donation of live liver, and to determine the factors that affect it.

METHODS

Academic year 2011-2012, nursing students at a university in Poland, sampling points in 5 compulsory-attendance nursing courses with a completion rate of 80%, validated questionnaire (PCID-DVH Rios) filled out anonymously and self-administered.

RESULTS

The completion rate was 89% (227/254). Of the 227 students surveyed, 92% (n = 209) were in favor, 6% (n = 14) undecided, and 2% (n = 4) against. When the LLD is not related, 44% (n = 100) of respondents would be in favor. With a positive attitude toward this type of donation, we associated the following variables: 1) age, with the youngest showing a more favorable attitude (P = .006); 2) attitude in favor of living kidney donation (98% vs 85%; odds ratio, 4.950; 95% confidence interval, 9.259-2.652; P = .002); 3) attitude in favor of accepting a family LLD (96% vs 81%; P = .003); 4) discussing donation and transplantation with family (95% vs 87%; P = .043).

CONCLUSIONS

Ninety-two percent of nursing students at the Pomeranian Medical University in Poland were in favor of live organ donation, an attitude conditioned by various psychosocial factors.

Opinion of Nursing Students of the University of Bydgoszcz in Poland About the Transplantation of Living Liver Donors

INTRODUCTION

Liver transplantation from living liver donation (LLD) has become an important source of liver grafts.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

We studied the 2011-2012 academic year attitude of nursing students from a university in Poland. The sampling points were compulsory attendance in the 5 nursing courses. The validated questionnaire was Project Collaborative International Donor-Living Liver Donation Rios. The questionnaire was completed anonymously and was self-administered.

RESULTS

The completion rate was 89% (440 of 495); 91% (n = 398) were in favor of the related LLD, 8% (n = 37) were undecided, and 1% (n = 5) were against. When the attitude toward LLD is not related, 40% (n = 177) of respondents were in favor. The favorable attitude was associated with the following: consideration of the needs of organs for transplantations are covered (P ≤ .001); attitude in favor toward organ donation and transplantation (ODT) (P = .001); attitude in favor toward LLD (P = .007); attitude in favor of the acceptance of a LLD by a family member (P = .001); discussion of ODT with the family (P ≤ .001); being in favor of donating organs of a relative (P ≤ .001); and being Catholic (P = .003). After multivariate analysis, we observed the following significant correlations: the thought that the needs of transplantation organs are covered (odds ratio [OR] = 4.608; P = .020); being ready to accept a liver from a LLD (OR = 3.125; P = .038); discussion with the family about the subject of donation and transplantation (OR = 3.215; P = .003); and not belonging to any doctrine or religious belief (OR = 11.363; P = .039).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study 91% of nursing students were in favor of living organ donation.