Association Between IL-10 Gene Promoter Polymorphisms (-592 A/C, -819 T/C, -1082 A/G) and Susceptibility to HBV Infection in an Iranian Population

Efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin on clinical and biochemical parameters in non-surgical periodontal treatment: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the potential clinical and biochemical effects of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) application adjunct to scaling and root planning (ScRp) in deep periodontal pockets.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this split-mouth-designed study, 17 patients with 34 deep periodontal pockets were randomly treated with ScRp + i-PRF (test group) and ScRp + saline (control group). Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline, 1st, 3rd, and 6th months after the treatments. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-10 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were analyzed using the ELISA method at baseline, 7th, and 14th days.

RESULTS

Clinical periodontal parameters showed significant improvements with both treatment modalities. Mean pocket reduction (PD) and clinical attachment (CAL) gain were significantly higher in the test group than in controls at follow-up visits (p < 0.05). In the test group, gingival recession (GR) values were significantly lower compared to the control group. VEGF and IL-10 levels in the test group were significantly higher than in controls at the 14th day, and TNF-α levels were found significantly lower in the test group at the 7th and 14th days.

CONCLUSIONS

Especially in the test group, the significant increase in VEGF and IL-10 expressions and the decrease in TNF-α levels may have accelerated the periodontal healing observed in the clinical parameters.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The result of the present study demonstrated the beneficial effects of adjunctive i-PRF administration during non-surgical periodontal treatment of deep periodontal pockets.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER

NCT05753631.

Association between IL-10 gene polymorphisms (- 1082 A/G, -819 T/C, -592 A/C) and hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

BACKGROUND

The carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma is complicated, and genetic factor may have the role in the malignant transformation of liver cells. IL-10 gene polymorphisms have been investigated for their potential roles in hepatocellular carcinoma This study aimed to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of IL-10 (-1082 A/G, -819 T/C, -592 A/C), and hepatocellular carcinoma by performing a meta-analysis with eligible individual studies.

METHODS

This study followed the PRISMA 2020 Checklist. Relevant studies were searched in health-related databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria were used to evaluate the studies quality. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the strength of association between each polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma using five genetic models. Stratification was done by ethnic groups. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to determine the required information size.

RESULTS

Fifteen case-control studies (n = 8182) were identified. Overall, the heterozygous model showed a marginal significant association only between IL-10 (-1082 A/G) and hepatocellular carcinoma risk (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.67-1.00, 9 studies). On stratification, IL-10 (-1082 A/G) was significantly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk in the non-Asian population under dominant (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.45-0.86, 4 studies), heterozygous (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.85) and allelic models (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.99). IL-10 (-819 T/C) was significantly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk only among non-Asians under the dominant (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02-2.13, 8 studies), recessive (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.03-3.86, and homozygous models (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.13-4.23). For IL-10 (-592 A/C) with 11 studies, there was no significant association with hepatocellular carcinoma in all five genetic models (P values > 0.5). TSA plots indicated that the information size for firm evidence of effect was sufficient only for the analysis of IL-10 (-592 A/C), but not for the - 1082 A/G or -819 T/C.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings suggest that IL-10 (-1082 A/G and - 819 T/C) polymorphisms are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in ethnic-specific manner. However, this evidence is not conclusive because the sample size was insufficient. IL-10 (-592 A/C) polymorphism was not associated with hepatocellular carcinoma albeit with sufficient information size. Future well-designed large case-control studies on IL-10 (-1082 A/G and - 819 T/C) with different ethnicities are recommended.

Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup F confers genetic susceptibility to chronic HBV infection for the Yi nationality in Lijiang, China

Mitochondria are essential for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Moreover, the findings of our previous study indicate that host mitochondrial genetic factors are associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) for the Han Chinese. However, in terms of genetic heterogeneity, the impact of mitochondria on host susceptibility to HBV infection in ethnic minorities in China remains unclear. Here, a total of 7070 subjects who had visited the hospital between June 1, 2019, and April 31, 2020, were enrolled for seroprevalence of HBV infection investigation. A total of 220 individuals with CHB (CHBs) and 223 individuals with a trace of HBV infection (spontaneously recovered subjects, SRs) were analyzed for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variations and classified into respective haplogroups. Haplogroup frequencies were compared between CHBs and SRs. Among eight nationalities, Yi nationality patients had the highest HBsAg prevalence rate (27.9% [95% CI: 25.3%-30.5%]) and the lowest vaccination rate (4.9% [95% CI: 3.7%-6.2%]). After adjustment for age and gender, haplogroup F was a risk factor for CHB infection (P = 0.049, OR = 2.079, 95% CI = 1.002-4.31), while D4 had a significant negative correlation with the HBeAg-positive rate (P = 0.024, OR = 0.215, 95% CI = 0.057-0.816). Together with our previous study, the findings indicate that different nationalities have different genetic susceptibility to HBV infection.

Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflamatory cytokine genes polymorphisms and susceptibility to Japanese encephalitis disease in the North Indian population

BACKGROUND

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the major cause of viral encephalitis in many regions of Asia. Cytokines, including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory are key regulators playing a detrimental role in the host response to JE infection, pathogenesis and disease outcome. Evidently, the host's cytokine response is genetically determined, representing the complexity of interindividual differences regarding immune response to viral infection. The current study assesses the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of classical interleukin IL-1β and IL-10 with JEV susceptibility and disease severity in north Indian population.

METHODS

We performed a case-control study using 85 JE patients and 85 healthy controls. Polymorphisms in the IL-1β (-511 C/T) and IL-10 (-1082 A/G) genes were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. All continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical variables were expressed in percentage.

RESULTS

The mRNA level of IL-1β and IL-10 were found significantly increased in JE patients. In severe JE patients, IL-1β mRNA level was significantly higher with heterozygous (C/T) and homozygous (C/C) genotype compared to wild (T/T) genotype and mRNA level of IL-10 was higher in heterozygous genotype (A/G) compared to wild genotype (A/A). The C/T and C/C genotypes of IL-1β were significantly associated with higher risk of JE infection (p < 0.05, OR = 7.25 and 4.40) whereas, the A/G genotype of IL-10 was associated with a reduced risk of JEV infection (p < 0.05, OR = 0.30). The C allele of IL-1β was associated with fever and neck stiffness (p < 0.05) and CT genotype was associated with disease severity and worse outcomes in JE patients. Along with this, IL-10 polymorphism was found associated with fever, and AG genotype was found to be associated with worse disease outcomes such as neurological sequelae (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Mutant allele and genotype at IL-1β (-511 C/T) and IL-10 (-1082 A/G) gene polymorphism show increased expression of IL-1β and IL-10 in JE patients which contribute to disease severity as well as adverse outcomes of disease. Overall this is the first report from northern India, which shows the association of IL-1β and IL-10 polymorphisms with JEV infection.

IL-10 -1082 A/G (rs1800896) Polymorphism is Effective in Clearing Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a universal health challenge all around the world. Several factors like viral load, genetic characteristics, age, sex, and immune status contribute to variable clinical outcomes of HBV infection. The sequels of HBV infection vary remarkably among persons ranging from the spontaneous deletion of infection to persistent infection. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms IL10-1082 with HBV clearance. Methods: Sixty subjects with Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) infection and 60 subjects who spontaneously recovered HBV were enrolled in the study. The IL-10-1082 polymorphisms were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction with Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). Results: The clearance of HBV infection demonstrated a significant association with IL-10-1082 polymorphisms in the GG genotype (P = 0.03), while there was no association with other genotypes. Reduced risk of chronic hepatitis B infection was associated with IL-10-1082 GG (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.07 - 5.09). Besides, IL-10-1082 A/G alleles did not differ clearly between the two study groups (P = 0.07) Conclusions: The IL-10-1082 polymorphisms may be associated with a reduced risk of CHB infection and recovery after HBV infection.

Association of IL-10 -1082A>G, -819C>T, and -592C>A polymorphisms with susceptibility to chronic and aggressive periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES

Several epidemiological studies have evaluated association of interleukin 10 (IL-10) polymorphisms with risk of periodontitis. However, the results remain conflicting and inconclusive. Here, we carried out a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of IL-10 -1082A>G, -819C>T, and -592C>A polymorphisms with risk of chronic (CP) and aggressive (CP) periodontitis.

METHODS

Electronic databases including PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO, and CNKI were systematically searched to identify all relevant studies published up to 01 June 2020.

RESULTS

A total of 60 case-control studies with 5313 cases and 6528 controls met our inclusion criteria. Overall, the pooled data showed that the IL-10 -592C>A polymorphism was statistically associated with increased risk of periodontitis in the overall population, while no significant association was identified for IL-10 -1082A>G and IL-10 -819C>T polymorphisms. The subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that the IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism was significantly associated with periodontitis risk in Caucasians, IL-10 -819C>T polymorphism in mixed population, and IL-10 -592C>A polymorphism in both Asians and mixed populations. When further analyzed by periodontitis type, only the IL-10 -592C>A polymorphism was associated with CP risk, but not AgP; and the IL-10 -1082A>G and -819C>T polymorphisms have not positive association neither in the CP and AgP.

CONCLUSIONS

The current meta-analysis showed that the IL-10 -592C>A polymorphism was statistically associated with periodontitis risk in the overall population. Moreover, the IL-10 -1082A>G, IL-10 -819C>T, and IL-10 -592C>A polymorphisms were associated with periodontitis risk by ethnicity. Therefore, the IL-10 polymorphisms are of high clinical relevance by ethnicity and would be a useful marker to identify patients who are at higher risk for periodontitis.

Interferon gamma gene polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis B infections in an Iranian population

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Chronic hepatitis B is an important health problem in all countries. I Interferon gamma is a pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines, which can exert antiproliferative and antitumor activity. Some SNPs in IFN-γ and IFN-γR1 genes may influence the susceptibility to HBV. Here, we evaluated the impact of interferon gamma (+874 T/A) and its receptor (-611A/G, +189G/C and +95C/T) polymorphisms and the risk of HBV in Iranian patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SNPs of interferon gamma and its receptor genotypes were determined in 221 infected patients with HBV and 200 people without HBV using ARMS-PCR and PCR- RFLP method.

RESULTS

In this study, we showed an obvious relationship between IFN-γ SNPs and susceptibility to chronic HBV. Our findings suggest that IFN-γ-874A allele increases the risk of disease and carriers of the T allele have reduced susceptibility to infection. In addition, there was not any relationship between the -611A/G, +189G/C and +95C/T regions of IFN-γ R1 and HBV.

CONCLUSIONS

Our observations demonstrate +874 T/A SNP as a predicting factor in patients who have the risk of HBV.

Common Polymorphisms of Interleukin-10 (-1082A/G, -592A/C, and -819C/T) in Oral Cancers: An Updated Meta-Analysis

The mechanisms of genetic alteration are checked to be responsible for the oral cancer incidence. Herein, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between -1082A/G, -592A/C, and -819T/C polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-10 and susceptibility to oral cancer. We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases until May 2019 to find the studies reporting the association between the IL-10 polymorphisms and the oral cancer risk. Rev Man 5.3 software was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The CMA (version 2.0) software showed the results of publication bias. In addition, SPSS (version 22.0) was used for meta-regression analysis. Out of 8 studies included in this meta-analysis, 7, 6, and 5 studies reported -1082A/G, -592A/C, and -819T/C polymorphisms, respectively. The pooled ORs of the allele, homozygote, heterozygote, dominant, and recessive models were 1.64 (95% CI: 1.26-2.13), 2.99 (95% CI: 1.32-6.79), 1.64 (95% CI: 1.16-2.33), 1.77 (95% CI: 1.25-2.49), and 2.44 (95% CI: 1.21-4.92), respectively, showing a significant association for -1082A/G polymorphism, but not for -592A/C, and -819T/C polymorphisms with the risk of oral cancer. However, subgroup analysis showed an association for -592A/C polymorphisms, Caucasian ethnicity, and hospital-based controls. In summary, the findings of this meta-analysis illustrated an elevated risk of oral cancer related to -1082A/G polymorphism, but there was no association between -592A/C and -819C/T polymorphisms and the risk of oral cancer.

Polymorphisms of BIRC5 Gene is Associated with Chronic HBV Infection in Iranian Population

Survivin can affect the progression of infection and is considered as a marker of various malignancies. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible association of gene polymorphisms of survivin (-1547A/G, -644C/T, -625 C/G, -241C/T, -31G/C, -141G/C) and chronic hepatitis B infection in Iranian patients. The genotypes of survivin SNPs were investigated by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method using 100 chronic HBV infected patients (HBV), 40 spontaneously recovered HBV subjects and 100 healthy controls (C). Serum level of survivin was determined using ELISA method. The -1547G, -625C, -241T and -31C alleles were associated with increased susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B infection (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.003 and P < 0.001 respectively). Chronic HBV patients with -625CC, -241TT and -31CC genotypes had higher levels of survvin. Survivin -1547A/G, -625 C/G, -241C/T and -31G/C gene polymorphisms may be associated with chronic HBV susceptibility in Iranian HBV patients.

IL-10 Promoter -592 Polymorphism may Influence Susceptibility to HIV Infection in South Indian Population

BACKGROUND

Genetic factors play an important role in the development of disease susceptibility or protection. Cytokine gene polymorphisms are reported to be associated with altered levels of cytokine production that can impact disease progression in HIV and TB.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we studied IL-10 -592(C/A) and TGF-β -509 (C/T) promoter polymorphisms to understand their role in susceptibility or resistance to HIV and TB in a South Indian population.

METHOD

Genomic DNA was isolated from healthy controls, pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n=122) and HIV positive individuals (n=100) and used for genotyping by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.

RESULTS

Results revealed that under dominant model (CC vs CA+AA), IL-10 -592 'A' allele either 'CA' or 'AA' combinations significantly associated with susceptibility to HIV compared to healthy controls (OR: 1.88(1.05-3.35); p=0.030). However, we found no significant association with TB. TGF-β -509 polymorphism did not associate with either HIV or TB under overdominant model. Neither of the promoter polymorphisms associated with sex in either HIV or TB. However, a trend towards higher risk to HIV was found in females compared with males in IL-10 -592 'AA' genotype.

CONCLUSION

This study suggests the association of IL-10 -592 "AA" genotype with susceptibility to HIV under dominant model in the Southern Indian population. Future studies are needed with a larger sample size in order to confirm the observations made in this study.

Immunomodulatory factors gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis: an overview

BACKGROUND

Chronic periodontitis (CP), defines as destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth and resorption of the alveolar bone. It is widespread in human populations and represent an important problem for public health. CP results from inflammatory mechanisms created by the interaction between environmental and host genetic factors that confer the individual susceptibility to the disease.

AIM

The aim of the current study was to explore and summarize some functional biomarkers that are associated with CP susceptibility.

METHODS

CP is considered to be a multifactorial disease. The pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases is characterized by various biological pathways. The studies revealed that polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to periodontal diseases. In other word, genetic variations can change the development of CP. However, there are some conflicting results, because there are different variations in frequency of some alleles in any populations. Therefore, we conducted the current review to completely understanding the special biomarkers for CP.

RESULTS

There is some evidence that SNPs in the IL-1α, IL-1β, IL1RN, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β1, IFN-γ and VDR may be associated with CP susceptibility.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, numerous studies have reported the host genetic factors associated with CP susceptibility and related traits. Therefore, it is prevail to study the multiple SNPs and their effects to find the useful diagnosis methods. The current study will investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in cytokine genes and the susceptibility to the chronic periodontitis.

The relationship between L-leucine-7-amido-4-methyl coumarin 1 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to the chronic hepatitis B virus infection in an Iranian population

Background:

Lamnin has important effects on human immunity system. The current study aimed to assess the role of L-leucine-7-amido-4-methyl coumarin 1 gene polymorphisms on hepatitis B virus (HBV) susceptibility.

Materials and Methods:

The rs20558, rs20563, rs10911193, rs10911251, and rs1413390 polymorphisms were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-reaction–restriction fragment-length polymorphism and amplification-refractory mutation system-PCR using three different groups including chronic HBV-infected patients, HBV patients who were resolved their infection spontaneously and healthy volunteers. Laminin concentrations were also measured in the blood of these individuals.

Results:

People with rs20558C, rs20563G, and rs10911193T alleles have an increased risk of HBV infection. Moreover, we found that CGTAT haplotype was more frequent in chronically infected people who could affect the mechanism of disease. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between laminin concentration and rs20558, rs20563, and rs10911193 genotypes in patients.

Conclusion:

According to the statistical analysis, rs20558, rs20563, rs10911193 polymorphisms probably, related to the chronic HBV infection. In addition, no association of the rs10911251, rs1413390 single nucleotide polymorphisms with the disease was found.

CCR5, MCP-1 and VDR Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with the Susceptibility to HBV Infection

Genetic variants of chemokine and regulatory cytokines play functional roles in chronic HBV infection. The objective of the study, was to evaluate the association between the CCR5D32, CCR5-2459A/G, MCP-1-2518A/G, VDR-APa1A/C, VDR-Taq1T/C SNPs and HBV susceptibility, in samples of Iranian populations. The CCR5D32, CCR5-2459A/G, MCP1-2518A/G, VDR-APa1A/C, VDR-Taq1T/C polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and PCR-RFLP using 100 chronic HBV infected (HBV) patients, 40 spontaneously recovered HBV (SR) subjects and 100 healthy controls (C). Also, serum levels of protein were monitored. The study showed that the existence of CCR5-2459A, MCP1-2518G and VDR-CC alleles significantly increased risk of chronic HBV infection. In addition, WtAGCC haplotype had a higher frequency in HBV patients than C and SR groups and might relate to the natural history of the infection. Statistical analysis indicated positive correlations between CCR5-2459A/G, MCP1-2518A/G, VDR-APa1A/C, VDR-Taq1T/C genotypes and serum levels of the CCR5, MCP-1 and VDR in HBV patients. According to the statistical analysis, significant associations with susceptibility to chronic HBV infection was observed with CCR5-2459A/G, MCP1-2518A/G, VDR-APa1A/C, VDR-Taq1T/C polymorphisms. In addition, no association of the CCR5D32 SNP with the disease was found.

Concomitant use of heat-shock protein 70, glutamine synthetase and glypican-3 is useful in diagnosis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with higher specificity and sensitivity

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and late diagnosis is the main cause of death in HCC patients. In this study expression patterns of HSP70, GPC3 and GS and their relationships with pathogenesis of HCC in Iranian patients were investigated. The expression of HSP70, GPC3 and GS were determined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) methods, using 121 cases from patients with HBV alone, HCC without HBV, HBV+HCC and 30 normal tissues as control group. HSP70, GPC3 and GS were expressed in higher levels in HBV-related HCC samples compared to HBV alone group. The results showed that the labeling index of HSP70, GPC3 and GS are correlated with immunohistochemical and molecular expressions of HSP70, GPC3 and GS. The sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis were 43.4% and 89.7% for HSP70, 64.3% and 90.4% for GPC3, and 60.7% and 94.3% for GS, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the panels with 3, 2 and 1 positive markers, regardless of which one, were 21.6% and 100%, 51.3% and 100% and 93.4% and 80.5% respectively. The current study demonstrated an association between HSP70, GPC3 and GS expressions and HBV-related HCC in our population. It was concluded that HSP70, GPC3 and GS expressions could be useful biomarkers for increasing the specificity and sensitivity of HCC diagnosis to acceptable level. Also, proper combinations of these 3 markers could improve diagnostic accuracy.

Correlations between mitochondrial DNA haplogroup D5 and chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Yunnan, China

Mitochondrial abnormality is frequently reported in individuals with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but the associated hosts’ mitochondrial genetic factors remain obscure. We hypothesized that mitochondria may affect host susceptibility to HBV infection. In this study, we aimed to detect the association between chronic HBV infection and mitochondrial DNA in Chinese from Yunnan, Southwest China. A total of 272 individuals with chronic HBV infection (CHB), 310 who had never been infected by HBV (healthy controls, HC) and 278 with a trace of HBV infection (spontaneously recovered, SR) were analysed for mtDNA sequence variations and classified into respective haplogroups. Haplogroup frequencies were compared between HBV infected patients, HCs and SRs. Haplogroup D5 presented a higher frequency in CHBs than in HCs (P = 0.017, OR = 2.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = (1.21–6.81)) and SRs (P = 0.049, OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.01–8.35). The network of haplogroup D5 revealed a distinct distribution pattern between CHBs and non-CHBs. A trend of higher viral load among CHBs with haplogroup D5 was observed. Our results indicate the risk potential of mtDNA haplogroup D5 in chronic HBV infection in Yunnan, China.

Analysis of interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy controls

BACKGROUND

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that has important roles in the periodontal diseases. The IL10-1082, -819, and -592 polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL-10 gene have been associated with various IL-10 expressions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between these gene polymorphisms with chronic periodontitis in a sample of Iranian populations from Southeast of Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed in 210 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 100 individuals without CP by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the Chi-square test. The risk associated with single alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes were calculated by performing a multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). P < 0.05 for statistical significance.

RESULTS

The prevalences of AG and GG genotypes of IL10-1082 were significantly different between CP and control groups in comparison to AA genotype (OR = 2.671; CI = 1.482-4.815; P = 0.001 for AG vs. AA, OR = 4.151; CI = 2.128-8.097; P < 0.001 for GG vs. AA). In addition, subjects with at least one IL10-1082-G allele were significantly had an increased risk for CP (OR = 2.157; CI = 1.531-3.038; P < 0.001). The distribution of the IL10-819 and IL10-592 genotypes was not different between CP and control subjects (P = 0.109 and P = 0.139, respectively). The combination of different genotypes showed that GCC haplotype was significantly different between groups (OR = 4.379; CI = 1.077-17.807; P = 0.039).

CONCLUSION

The results demonstrated that IL10-1082 polymorphism was a putative risk factor for chronic periodontitis and associated with increased susceptibility to CP.

The association between interleukin-28B gene polymorphisms as a potential biomarker and the risk of chronic Periodontitis in an Iranian population

BACKGROUND

Chronic Periodontitis (CP) is a common inflammatory disease affects supporting tissues of the teeth and can lead to tooth loss. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between polymorphisms in the IL-28B gene and chronic periodontitis in an Iranian population.

METHODS

Two hundred and ten CP patients and one hundred healthy subjects were enrolled in the present case-control study. The rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs were identified using RFLP and T-ARMS-PCR methods respectively.

RESULTS

SNP analysis revealed that the G allele of rs8099917 SNP and T allele of rs12979860 SNP increased susceptibility to CP compared to the A allele and C allele (p < 0.0001, OR = 2.712, CI = 1.783-4.126; p < 0.0001, OR = 2.538, CI = 1.784-3.613 respectively). In addition, the CT/GT, TT/GG and TT/GT haplotypes were predominant in CP patients and significantly associated with the increased risk of CP.

CONCLUSION

IL-28B polymorphisms may be useful predictive factors for chronic periodontitis and correlated to the susceptibility to CP infection in our population.

Gene polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor affect susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus infection in an Iranian cohort

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a key proinflammatory mediator, plays important roles in chronic diseases. In this study, an attempt was made to clarify the associations between some functional polymorphisms such as MIF-173 G/C, MIF 95 bp and 189 bp insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Polymorphisms were assessed in 221 HBV patients and 200 normal subjects. MIF-173 G/C and MIF 95 bp and 189 bp I/D polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP and PCR, respectively. When allele and genotype frequencies of the variants were compared between patients and controls by the χ(2) test, it was found that the frequency of MIF-173 G/C genotypes differed significantly between patients with chronic HBV and healthy controls (P < 0.05). Carriers of the MIF -173-C allele were at significantly higher risk of HBV infection than carriers of the MIF -173-G allele (P = 0.009, OR = 1.549, 95% CI = 1.114 - 2.155). Moreover, 95 bp I/D polymorphism was not associated with CP and the 185 bp I/D variant was not polymorphic in our group of subjects. The frequency of haplotypes did not differ significantly between groups (χ(2)  = 11.391, P = 0.181). Our results suggest that MIF -173 G/C variant increases the risk of HBV in Iranian subjects. Further studies with larger sample sizes and different ethnicities are required to validate our findings.

[Association between IL-19 gene polymorphisms and hepatitis B virus susceptibility in children]

OBJECTIVE

To study the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of interleukin (IL)-19 and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children.

METHODS

A case-control study was performed, and 136 children with positive HBsAg（case group） and 297 healthy children with negative HBsAg（control group） were enrolled. PCR and DNA sequencing were used for genotyping.

RESULTS

There were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes of IL-19 rs1798 between the case and control groups. The case group also had a significantly higher proportion of children with CG genotype than the control group (p<0.05). There were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of IL-19 rs2243191 between the HBV infection and non-infection groups among children who born to HBV-positive mothers. The infection group had significantly higher proportions of children with TC and CC genotypes and C allele than the non-infection group (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The SNP of IL-19 rs1798 may be associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B in children, and the SNP of IL-19 rs2243191 may be associated with susceptibility to breakthrough HBV infection in children at a high risk of HBV infection.

[Clinical value of fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay in diagnosis of influenza A in children]

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the clinical value of a new type of fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay in rapid detection of influenza A virus.

METHODS

A total of 378 samples of nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from 378 children with influenza-like symptoms to detect the influenza A virus by fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay, colloidal gold immunoassay, and RT-PCR between July 2015 and August 2015.

RESULTS

Of the 378 samples, 81 (21.4%) were positive for influenza A virus by RT-PCR. Compared with RT-PCR, the sensitivities of fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay and colloidal gold immunoassay were 90.1% (73/81) and 75.3% (61/81), respectively, and the specificities were 99.3% (295/297) and 98.3% (292/297), respectively. The average threshold cycle (Ct) value for the positive samples detected by the fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay (30.6) was higher than that for the positive samples detected by the colloidal gold immunoassay (28.7).

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with colloidal gold immunoassay, fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay has higher sensitivity, specificity, and concordance rate with RT-PCR, suggesting that it can be used for early screening and diagnosis of influenza A.

Association of TNF-α Gene Polymorphisms with Production of Protein and Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in the South East Iranian Population

BACKGROUND

The host genetic background regulates the natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between TNF-α gene polymorphism in the promoter region and susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

METHODS

Four polymorphisms of TNF-α gene including -238 A/G, -308 A/G, -857 C/T, and -863 A/C were analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 100 chronic HBV infected patients (HBV group), 40 spontaneously recovered HBV subjects (SR group), and 100 healthy controls (C group). Also, serum levels of protein were monitored.

RESULTS

The study showed that the existence of -308 G, -857 C, and -863 A alleles significantly increased susceptibility to chronic HBV infection. In addition, GGCA haplotype had a higher frequency in HBV patients than C and SR groups that might be related to the natural history of the infection. Chronic HBV patients with -308 GG, -857 CC, and -863 AA genotypes had lower serum levels of TNF-α compared to those with other genotypes.

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicated that there was a positive association between susceptibility to chronic HBV infection and TNF-α polymorphism. In addition, HBV patients carrying -308 GG, -857 CC, and -863 AA genotypes with lower serum levels of TNF-α had an increased risk of infection.