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Khatami SH, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A, Savardashtaki A, Ramezani A, Sarkari B, Mostafavi-Pour Z. Serodiagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis based on recombinant antigens B8/1 and B8/2 of Echinococcus granulosus. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2020; 41:1010-1020. [PMID: 32795213 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1807359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a widespread parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Since current methods for the diagnosis of CE are not efficient enough, rapid, and reliable tests are required for the acceleration of CE diagnosis. The present study aimed to produce recombinant B8/1 and B8/2 antigens of E. granulosus and evaluate their sensitivities and specificities separately and simultaneously for the diagnosis of CE. METHODS The recombinant B8/1 and B8/2 antigens were produced and used in an ELISA system for the diagnosis of CE. The sera specimens including 30 sera from pathologically confirmed CE patients, 30 from other non-CE patients, and 30 from healthy controls, were evaluated by the ELISA, using AgB8/1 and AgB8/2. RESULTS The results showed a sensitivity of 93.33%, 90%, and 96.7% for AgB8/1, AgB8/2, and their combination, respectively. The specificities were 91.7%, 93.33%, and 93.33% for AgB8/1, AgB8/2, and their combination, respectively. CONCLUSION Simultaneous usage of AgB8/1 and AgB8/2 increased the test sensitivity for the diagnosis of CE. Furthermore, the specificity of AgB8/1 and AgB8/2 combination was more than AgB8/1 and equal to AgB8/2 alone. The findings revealed that the simultaneous usage of AgB8/1 and AgB8/2 could be a suitable approach for the diagnosis of CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Recombinant Proteins Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran.,Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Ramezani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran.,Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahador Sarkari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran.,Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Recombinant Proteins Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran.,Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
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Milani A, Basirnejad M, Bolhassani A. Heat-shock proteins in diagnosis and treatment: an overview of different biochemical and immunological functions. Immunotherapy 2020; 11:215-239. [PMID: 30730280 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) have been involved in different functions including chaperone activity, protein folding, apoptosis, autophagy and immunity. The HSP families have powerful effects on the stimulation of innate immune responses through Toll-like receptors and scavenger receptors. Moreover, HSP-mediated phagocytosis directly enhances the processing and presentation of internalized antigens via the endocytic pathway in adaptive immune system. These properties of HSPs have been used for development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against infectious and noninfectious diseases. Several studies also demonstrated the relationship between HSPs and drug resistance as well as their use as a novel biomarker for detecting tumors in patients. The present review describes different roles of HSPs in biology and medicine especially biochemical and immunological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Milani
- Department of Hepatitis & AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian Comprehensive Hemophilia Care Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis & AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Savardashtaki A, Mostafavi-Pour Z, Arianfar F, Sarkari B. Comparison of the Utility of Recombinant B8/2 Subunit of the Antigen B, Native Antigen, and a Commercial ELISA Kit in the Diagnosis of Human Cystic Echinococcosis. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2019; 23. [PMID: 30368233 PMCID: PMC6462293 DOI: 10.29252/.23.4.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a helminthic disease caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. In the present study, the B8/2 subunit of antigen B (AgB) of E. granulosus was expressed in E. coli host and then applied in a diagnostic ELISA set up. Methods The DNA sequence of AgB8/2 subunit from E. granulosus was extracted from the GenBank and codon-optimized according to E. coli codon usage. The target sequence was cloned in an expression vector (pGEX-4T-1). The produced antigen was used in an ELISA system, and its performance for the diagnosis of human hydatid cyst was evaluated, using sera from CE and non-CE patients, along with the sera from healthy subjects. Moreover, the diagnostic value of the recombinant protein was compared with native AgB, as well as with a commercial kit. Results Antibodies to hydatid cyst were detected in 27 out of 30 patients corresponding to a sensitivity of 90% (95% CI: 73-98%). Cross-reaction with sera of non-CE subjects was seen in two cases resulted in a specificity of 93.5% (95% CI: 82-98%) for the test. A sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 90% were found for the native form of the antigen, while the ELISA commercial kit had a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 95%. Conclusion Our data show that rEgAgB8/2 is an appropriate source of antigen for the serological diagnosis of human hydatid cyst. Co-expression of the rEgAgB/2 along with other subunits of AgB may enhance the performances of these antigens for the serodiagnosis of human CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Recombinant Proteins Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Arianfar
- Recombinant Proteins Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahador Sarkari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Corresponding Author: Bahador Sarkari Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Tel. & Fax: (+98-71) 32305291; E-mail:
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Najafi H, Owji SM, Kamali-Sarvestani E, Moosavi SMS. A1-Adenosine receptor activation has biphasic roles in development of acute kidney injury at 4 and 24 h of reperfusion following ischaemia in rats. Exp Physiol 2016; 101:913-31. [DOI: 10.1113/ep085583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Houshang Najafi
- Department of Physiology, The Medical School; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center; Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences; Kermanshah Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Owji
- Department of Pathology, The Medical School; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
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Zhu X, Liu J, Bai J, Liu P, Zhang T, Jiang P, Wang X. Baculovirus expression of the N-terminus of porcine heat shock protein Gp96 improves the immunogenicity of recombinant PCV2 capsid protein. J Virol Methods 2016; 230:36-44. [PMID: 26826323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) can be used as modulators to enhance both innate and adaptive immune responses. In the present study, recombinant baculoviruses expressing the PCV2Cap protein and the N-terminal 22-370 amino acids of porcine Gp96 (Gp96N), Hsp90, and Hsp70 (rBac-cap/Gp96N, rBac-cap/Hsp90 and rBac-cap/Hsp70, respectively) were constructed and the immune responses were examined in mice and piglets. The mouse experiments showed that rBac-cap/Gp96N increased the titers of specific anti-PCV2 neutralizing antibodies, proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and IFN-γ levels compared to rBac-cap/Hsp90, rBac-cap/Hsp70, or rBac-cap. The pig experiments showed that the levels of anti-PCV2 antibody, proliferative responses of PBMCs, and IFN-γ in the rBac-cap/Gp96N groups were increased compared to those in rBac-cap group. There were no clear clinical signs of infection following PCV2 challenge in pigs inoculated with recombinant rBac-cap/Gp96N and rBac-cap, and the relative daily weight gains were higher than those in the challenge control (CC) group. The pathological lesions, extent of viremia, and viral loads of the vaccinated groups were milder than those in the CC group. Meanwhile, the extent of viremia and viral load present in the rBac-cap/Gp96N group were significantly lower than those in the rBac-cap group. These results indicated that porcine Gp96N effectively increased the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of PCV2Cap. Gp96N presents an attractive adjuvant or immunotargeting strategy to enhance the protective efficacy of PCV2 subunit vaccines in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Panrao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tingjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Labonte AC, Tosello-Trampont AC, Hahn YS. The role of macrophage polarization in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Mol Cells 2014; 37:275-85. [PMID: 24625576 PMCID: PMC4012075 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2014.2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, found in circulating blood as well as integrated into several tissues and organs throughout the body, represent an important first line of defense against disease and a necessary component of healthy tissue homeostasis. Additionally, macrophages that arise from the differentiation of monocytes recruited from the blood to inflamed tissues play a central role in regulating local inflammation. Studies of macrophage activation in the last decade or so have revealed that these cells adopt a staggering range of phenotypes that are finely tuned responses to a variety of different stimuli, and that the resulting subsets of activated macrophages play critical roles in both progression and resolution of disease. This review summarizes the current understanding of the contributions of differentially polarized macrophages to various infectious and inflammatory diseases and the ongoing effort to develop novel therapies that target this key aspect of macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Labonte
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia,
USA
| | | | - Young S. Hahn
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia,
USA
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