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Morgenroth R, Reichardt C, Steffen J, Busse S, Frank R, Heidecke H, Mertens PR. Autoantibody Formation and Mapping of Immunogenic Epitopes against Cold-Shock-Protein YB-1 in Cancer Patients and Healthy Controls. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123507. [PMID: 33255653 PMCID: PMC7759818 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cold shock Y-box binding protein-1 plays a crucial role in cancerous cell transformation and proliferation. Experimental evidence links autoantibody formation with cancer diseases as well as YB 1 protein levels. Hence, we investigated autoantibody formation targeting YB-1 in cancer patients. Using recombinant proteins and specific peptide arrays, we mapped linear epitopes, which localize in the cold shock and C-terminal domain of the protein, in cancer patients that differ from healthy controls. Furthermore, cancer sera containing autoantibodies that target YB-1 extend the half-life of the YB-1 protein. Since extracellular YB-1 serves as a ligand for receptor Notch3 as well as TNFR1, this may contribute to aberrant signaling that promotes tumor development. In the clinical setting, we envision setting up detection assays for the immune response against YB-1, which may aid in screening for cancer. Abstract Cold shock Y-box binding protein-1 participates in cancer cell transformation and mediates invasive cell growth. It is unknown whether an autoimmune response against cancerous human YB-1 with posttranslational protein modifications or processing develops. We performed a systematic analysis for autoantibody formation directed against conformational and linear epitopes within the protein. Full-length and truncated recombinant proteins from prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells were generated. Characterization revealed a pattern of spontaneous protein cleavage, predominantly with the prokaryotic protein. Autoantibodies against prokaryotic, but not eukaryotic full-length and cleaved human YB-1 protein fragments were detected in both, healthy volunteers and cancer patients. A mapping of immunogenic epitopes performed with truncated E. coli-derived GST-hYB-1 proteins yielded distinct residues in the protein N- and C-terminus. A peptide array with consecutive overlapping 15mers revealed six distinct antigenic regions in cancer patients, however to a lesser extent in healthy controls. Finally, a protein cleavage assay was set up with recombinant pro- and eukaryotic-derived tagged hYB-1 proteins. A distinct cleavage pattern developed, that is retarded by sera from cancer patients. Taken together, a specific autoimmune response against hYB-1 protein develops in cancer patients with autoantibodies targeting linear epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie Morgenroth
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 40, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (R.M.); (C.R.); (J.S.)
| | - Charlotte Reichardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 40, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (R.M.); (C.R.); (J.S.)
| | - Johannes Steffen
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 40, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (R.M.); (C.R.); (J.S.)
| | - Stefan Busse
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 40, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Ronald Frank
- AIMS Scientific Products GmbH, Galenusstr. 60, 13187 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Harald Heidecke
- CellTrend GmbH, im Biotechnologiepark 3, 14943 Luckenwalde, Germany;
| | - Peter R. Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 40, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (R.M.); (C.R.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6713236
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Bates M, Boland A, McDermott N, Marignol L. YB-1: The key to personalised prostate cancer management? Cancer Lett 2020; 490:66-75. [PMID: 32681926 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a DNA/RNA binding protein increasingly implicated in the regulation of cancer cell biology. Normally located in the cytoplasm, nuclear localisation in prostate cancer is associated with more aggressive, potentially treatment-resistant disease. This is attributed to the ability of YB-1 to act as a transcription factor for various target genes associated with androgen receptor signalling, survival, DNA repair, proliferation, invasion, differentiation, angiogenesis and hypoxia. This review aims to examine the clinical potential of YB-1 in the detection and therapeutic management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bates
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna Boland
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niamh McDermott
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Qi S, Xu D, Chen Q, Li P, Xie N, Huo Q. Indirect Competitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassay for Glycosides Daidzin and Genistin in Soy Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Ferreira A, Bettencourt M, Alho I, Costa A, Sousa A, Mansinho A, Abreu C, Pulido C, Macedo D, Vendrell I, Pacheco T, Costa L, Casimiro S. Serum YB-1 (Y-box binding protein 1) as a biomarker of bone disease progression in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases. J Bone Oncol 2017; 6:16-21. [PMID: 28194325 PMCID: PMC5294742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
YB-1 (Y-box binding protein 1) is a multifunctional cold-shock protein that has been implicated in all hallmarks of cancer. Elevated YB-1 protein level was associated with poor prognosis in several types of cancers, including breast cancer (BC), where it is a marker of decreased overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival across all subtypes. YB-1 is also secreted by different cell types and may act as an extracellular mitogen; however the pathological implications of the secreted form of YB-1 (sYB-1) are unknown. Our purpose was to retrospectively evaluate the association between YB-1 measured by ELISA in serum and disease characteristics and outcomes in patients with BC and bone metastases (BM). In our cohort, sYB-1 was detected in the serum of 22 (50%) patients, and was associated with the presence of extra-bone metastases (p=0.044). Positive sYB-1 was also associated with faster bone disease progression (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.09–8.95, P=0.033), but no significant differences were observed concerning OS, and time to development of skeletal-related events. Moreover, patients with positive sYB-1 also had higher levels of IL-6, a known osteoclastogenic inducer. Therefore, detection of sYB-1 in patients with BC and BM may indicate a higher tumor burden, in bone and extra-bone locations, and is a biomarker of faster bone disease progression.
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Key Words
- BC, breast cancer
- BM, bone metastases
- BPs, bisphosphonates
- Bone metastases
- Breast cancer
- CSD, cold shock domain
- CT, computed tomography
- CTCs, circulating tumor cells
- CV, coefficient of variation
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IQR, interquartile range
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- NTX, N-terminal telopeptide
- OS, overall survival
- Prognostic factor
- SREs, skeletal related events
- Serum biomarker
- TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages
- TTBP, time to bone progression
- TTSRE, time to first skeletal-related event;
- Y-box binding protein 1
- YB-1, Y-box binding protein 1
- sYB-1, secreted/serum YB-1
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Affiliation(s)
- A.R. Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Bettencourt
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I. Alho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A.L. Costa
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A.R. Sousa
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Mansinho
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C. Abreu
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C. Pulido
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D. Macedo
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I. Vendrell
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - T.R. Pacheco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L. Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S. Casimiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence to: Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Reichl P, Mikulits W. Accuracy of novel diagnostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: An update for clinicians (Review). Oncol Rep 2016; 36:613-25. [PMID: 27278244 PMCID: PMC4930874 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accurate detection and differential diagnosis of early HCC can significantly improve patient survival. Currently, detection of HCC in clinical practice is performed by diagnostic imaging techniques and determination of serum biomarkers, most notably α-fetoprotein (AFP), fucosylated AFP and des-γ-carboxyprothrombin. However, these methods display limitations in sensitivity and specificity, especially with respect to early stages of HCC. Recently, high-throughput technologies have elucidated many new pathways involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and have led to the discovery of a plethora of novel, non-invasive serum biomarkers. In particular, the combination of AFP with these new candidate molecules has yielded promising results. In this review, we aimed at recapitulating the most recent (2013–2015) developments in HCC biomarker research. We compared promising novel diagnostic serum protein biomarkers, such as annexin A2, the soluble form of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and thioredoxin, as well as their combinations with AFP. High diagnostic performance (area under the curve >0.75) as shown by threshold-independent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was a prerequisite for inclusion in this review. In addition, we discuss the role and potential of microRNAs in HCC diagnosis and associated methodological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Reichl
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Mikulits
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Iranifam M. Analytical applications of chemiluminescence methods for cancer detection and therapy. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lindquist JA, Brandt S, Bernhardt A, Zhu C, Mertens PR. The role of cold shock domain proteins in inflammatory diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 92:207-16. [PMID: 24562821 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cold shock domain proteins are characterized by the presence of one or more evolutionarily conserved cold shock domains, which each possess two nucleic acid-binding motifs. These proteins exert pleiotropic functions in cells via their ability to bind single-stranded RNA and/or DNA, thus allowing them to serve as transcriptional as well as translational regulators. Not only can they regulate their own expression, but they also regulate the expression of a number of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as cytokine receptors, making them key players in the orchestration of inflammatory processes and immune cell phenotypes. To add to their complexity, the expression of cold shock domain proteins is induced by cellular stress. At least one cold shock domain protein is actively secreted and binds to specific cell surface receptors, thereby influencing the proliferative and migratory capacity of the cell. The presence of cold shock domain proteins in the blood and/or urine of patients with cancer or inflammatory disease, as well as the identification of autoantibodies directed against these proteins make them potential targets of therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Lindquist
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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Ahmadinejad N, Movahedinia S, Movahedinia S, Holakouie Naieni K, Nedjat S. Distribution of breast density in Iranian women and its association with breast cancer risk factors. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 15:e16615. [PMID: 24693398 PMCID: PMC3955513 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and the first-leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the world. Indeed, breast cancer is ranked as the first malignancy among Iranian women. Breast density, defined as the percentage of fibro glandular breast tissue in mammographic images, is one of the known risk factors for breast cancer. According to American college of radiology-Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR-BIRADS), mammographic density is divided into four categories. Studies have shown that increased breast density is associated with significant increase in breast cancer risk. Therefore, it is assumed that breast density should be associated with other breast cancer risk factors. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiologic distribution of breast density of the patients in a referral center in Iran, and to evaluate the association of high breast density and breast cancer risk factors and other factors that may possibly affect the mammographic density according to previous studies. Patients and Methods: In an analytical cross-sectional study, 728 of those who had referred to Imam Khomeini Imaging Center either for diagnostic or screening purposes, participated in the study, after filling out the informed consent form, the survey questionnaire based survey assessing breast cancer risk factors affecting the breast density and related demographic features, was conducted. SPSS 11.5 software and chi-square, t-test and logistic regression tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Most of patients (75%) in categories 2 and 3 of mammographic density had a breast density of 51.9%, however, this amount was less (49.2%) in screening mammograms, while in diagnosing group it was more (51.6%). The Findings showed an increase in age, body mass index (BMI), duration of breast feeding, and also to be menopause e, unemployed and married, younger than 29 years old at first delivery, having children up to 8 and smoking are associated with less breast density. Diagnostic mammograms and symptomatic patients showed denser breasts. But density had no association with oral contraceptives pill (OCP) consumption or hormone replacement therapy or calcium and/or vitamin D consumption, age at menarche and menopause, menstruation cycle phase and family history of breast cancer. Age at the first delivery, menopausal status and parity were independently associated with breast density. Conclusions: Density distribution and risk factors prevalence is different among symptomatic patients and the diagnostic mammograms of the screened persons, hence such information should be considered in the patient managements. In order to consider the effect of marriage and parity on decreasing the breast density, basic consultations should be performed. Smokers and obese women may falsely show low breast density while they may be in high-risk group. In this study no specific phase of menstrual cycle is suggested for mammographic examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Ahmadinejad
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Sajjadeh Movahedinia
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Sajjadeh Movahedinia, Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2166581577 , E-mail:
| | - Samaneh Movahedinia
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Kourosh Holakouie Naieni
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Saharnaz Nedjat
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR Iran
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