Assessment of paraclinical characteristics in peri- and postmenopausal bleeding women: is there a correlation between hemoglobin levels and ultrasonic indices?

Objectives

Vaginal bleeding is a common symptom of uterine intracavitary pathologies in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, which leads to anemia. However, findings regarding the relationship between hemoglobin level and sonographic parameters remain limited. The aim of this study was (1) to investigate the histopathological findings of uterine intracavitary pathologies, hemoglobin concentrations and basic sonographic parameters, and (2) to evaluate their correlation among Vietnamese women with perimenopausal and postmenopausal bleeding.

Methods

This was a prospective study at Hue University Hospital and Hue Central Hospital from June 2016 to June 2019. The study enrolled 150 women older than 40 years with abnormal uterine bleeding. All patients underwent blood count testing and transvaginal ultrasound.

Results

Moderate to severe anemia was observed at a higher frequency in women with perimenopausal bleeding (58.1%) than postmenopausal bleeding (10.0%). The most common abnormality resulting in severe anemia was endometrial hyperplasia (70.8%), which was followed by endometrial cancer (4.2%). The uterine size, intrauterine mass, and endometrial thickness differed substantially between the benign and malignant groups. The study found significantly a weak negative correlation between hemoglobin concentration (g/L) and uterinelength, the anteroposterior diameter of uterine corpus in the overall study (r = -0.37, r = -0.32, respectively, P < 0.05); a moderate negativecorrelation between hemoglobin concentration and the largest diameter of intracavitary mass‑shaped lesion in the perimenopausal group (r = -0.4, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Overall, histopathological results, hemoglobin concentration and basic sonographic parameters should be combined in evaluating intrauterine abnormalities in women with perimenopausal and postmenopausal bleeding. Ultrasonic indices of uterine size may be used to determine the prognosis of anemia in uterine intracavitary pathologies. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Clinical Value Analysis of Combined Vaginal Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Dispersion Weighted Imaging, and Multilayer Spiral CT in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer Using Deep VGG-16 AdaBoost Hybrid Classifier

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common disorders of the female reproductive system. Every year, around 76,000 women die from endometrial cancer around the world. Endometrial cancer is a significant factor in women’s health, particularly in industrialized nations, where the prevalence of this tumor type is the greatest. It is an important concern in women’s health because of disease mortality and the rising number of new diagnoses. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical value of combined transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance dispersion weighted imaging, and multilayer spiral computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of early-stage endometrial cancer. Initially, the dataset is collected that consisted of a total of 100 cases and split into the control group and experimental group of 50 cases in each group. The control group is diagnosed using conventional Doppler ultrasound diagnostic machine. The experimental group is diagnosed with combined ultrasound method. The ultrasound images thus obtained are preprocessed using the speckle-free adaptive wiener filter. The preprocessed images are segmented using the fuzzy clustering segmentation method. The features are extracted by the independent component analysis (ICA) method. We have proposed the deep VGG-16 AdaBoost hybrid classifier for classifying the normal and abnormal images. The clinical value of the diagnosis is analyzed using the parameters like diagnostic accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and kappa coefficient. It is observed that the clinical value is better for the experimental group than the control group.