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Garrivet J, Gohier B, Laviole G, Meslier N, Gagnadoux F, Trzepizur W. Prevalence of major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder among first-time sleep center attendees. Sleep Med 2024; 119:53-57. [PMID: 38643516 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders stand in a bidirectional relationship. Sleep complaints are prominent in populations with psychiatric disorders, especially amongst people with major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Consultations at sleep clinics offer opportunities to screen psychiatric disorders and to propose primary psychiatric care. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted on 755 patients making their first visit to sleep clinic, with 574 seeking consultation for suspected obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS), 139 for complaints of insomnia, and 42 for complaints of hypersomnia. The results of 387 screening scales for MDD (BDI-II) and 403 for TSPT (PCL-5) were compared according to the reason given for the consultation. RESULTS In the whole group, 12.1 % of patients presented a positive MDD screening and 4.9 % for PTSD. Among patients presenting with insomnia, 19.8 % had a positive screening for MDD, as compared to 9.3 % in patients presenting with suspected OSAHS (p = 0.02). Regarding PTSD, 9.7 % of patients seeking consultation because of insomnia had a positive screening, compared to 2.9 % among patients with suspected OSAHS (p = 0.03). Among patients with a positive screening for MDD, 40.5 % were not receiving antidepressant or mood stabilizer treatment. CONCLUSION Positive screening for MDD and PTSD are frequent in patients who attend sleep centers, especially amongst those presenting with insomnia. Nearly half of the patients with positive screening for MDD or PTSD were not receiving a dedicated pharmacological treatment. These figures emphasize systematic screening for psychiatric disorders in sleep clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Garrivet
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictiction, CHU Angers, 49100 Angers, France; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Angers University hospital, Angers, France.
| | - Bénédicte Gohier
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictiction, CHU Angers, 49100 Angers, France; Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Gabriel Laviole
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Angers University hospital, Angers, France
| | - Nicole Meslier
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Angers University hospital, Angers, France
| | - Frédéric Gagnadoux
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Angers University hospital, Angers, France; INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Wojciech Trzepizur
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Angers University hospital, Angers, France; INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France
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Morsy NE, Farrag NS, Zaki NFW, Badawy AY, Abdelhafez SA, El-Gilany AH, El Shafey MM, Pandi-Perumal SR, Spence DW, BaHammam AS. Obstructive sleep apnea: personal, societal, public health, and legal implications. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:153-169. [PMID: 31085749 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a widely prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, which leads to several life-threatening diseases. OSA has systemic effects on various organ systems. Untreated OSA is associated with long-term health consequences including hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, depression, metabolic disorders, and stroke. In addition, untreated OSA is reported to be associated with cognitive dysfunction, impaired productivity at the workplace and in an increased risk of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) resulting in injury and fatality. Other consequences of OSA include, but are not limited to, impaired vigilance, daytime somnolence, performance deficits, morning headaches, mood disturbances, neurobehavioral impairments, and general malaise. Additionally, OSA has become an economic burden on most health systems all over the world. Many driving license regulations have been developed to reduce MVAs among OSA patients. Methods Studies of the personal, societal, public health, and legal aspects of OSA are reviewed. Data were collected through the following databases: MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Scopus, SAGE Research Methods, and ScienceDirect. Conclusion OSA leads to worsening of patients' personal relationships, decreasing work productivity, and increasing occupational accidents as well as MVAs. The costs of undiagnosed and untreated OSA to healthcare organizations are excessive. Thus, proper management of OSA will benefit not only the patient but will also provide widespread benefits to the society as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen E Morsy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Mansoura University Sleep Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nesrine S Farrag
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nevin F W Zaki
- Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 36551, Gomhoria Street, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
- Mansoura University Sleep Center, Mansoura, Egypt, E-mail:
| | - Ahmad Y Badawy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sayed A Abdelhafez
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- The University Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences, Technology, and Innovation, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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