Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori vacA and cagA Genotypes and Correlation With Clinical Outcome in Patients With Dyspepsia in Hamadan Province, Iran

The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Overweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background

The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and overweight, as one of the most common health issues, remains controversial. In this study, we systematically reviewed the effect of H. pylori infection and overweight to get a reliable answer.

Methods

We used the Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. We searched the association between H. pylori and overweight infection in international databases including Medline, Web of knowledge and Scopus, without any limitations of language, publication type, and publication status in search step of this systematic review from 2000 to 2020. We surveyed the title, abstract and full text of each research studies, and we used Newcastle-Ottawa quality for assessing the quality of each paper. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled odd ratio with 95% confidence intervals.

Results

Fifteen papers were eligible for this review. The selected studies reported different Odd Ratio between overweight and H. pylori infection but Odds Ratio (95% confidence interval) in our systematic and meta-analysis study was estimated at 1.42 (95% CI; 1.12, 1.81) and it was statistically significant (P: 0.003).

Conclusion

H. pylori infection is significantly associated with overweight, therefore, the eradication of H. pylori infection is suggested because this infectious might be resulted in overweight.

Association of Helicobacter pylori vacA genotypes and peptic ulcer in Iranian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori is accounted as the most etiologic agent for digestive disorders, in particular, the most important of them i.e. peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. In the recent years, association of vacA genotypes and gastrointestinal disorders has attracted a lot of attention. In present study, we assessed the correlation between vacA genotypes (s1, s2, m1, m2, s1m1, s1m2, s2m1 and s2m2) and development to peptic ulcer in Iranian population.

METHODS

In our study, first, 24 original articles containing of information of 3328 patients were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 software (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA). In this regards, we used from fixed-effects model for analysis of data with low heterogeneity, while for analysis of data with high heterogeneity (I2 statistic index > 25%, Cochrane Q statistic p value < 0.05), random-effects model was used.

RESULTS

Abundance of each of s1, s2, m1, m2, s1m1, s1m2, s2m1, and s2m2 was estimated 36.24, 28.32, 42.90 29.86, 27.88, 32.34, 15.70, and 25.94%, respectively. According to the results, the m1, s1, and s1m2 genotypes were among the most prevalent genotypes among the Iranian patients, whereas, s2m1 genotype had the lowest frequency.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, 24 articles (total participants = 3328) were included in this comprehensive analysis. H. pylori infection rate were 90.26% in these cases, so that 33.65% of whom had peptic ulcer. Moreover, the abundance of each vacA genotypes including s1, s2, m1, m2, s1m1, s1m2, s2m1, and s2m2 was estimated as 36.24, 28.32, 42.90 29.86, 27.88, 32.34, 15.70, and 25.94% respectively. We demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between infection of stomach with m1, s1m1, and s2m1 genotypes and development to peptic ulcer disease.

VacA and cagA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolated from raw meat in Isfahan province, Iran

Foods with animal origins play a substantial role in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori. The present investigation was carried out to study the vacA and cagA genotypes status of H. pylori isolated from various types of meat samples. Two hundred and twenty meat samples were collected and cultured. H. pylori-positive strains were analyzed for the presence of vacA and cagA genotypes. Eleven out of 220 (5.00%) samples were positive for H. pylori. Findings were confirmed by nested PCR. Prevalence of H. pylori in the meat samples of slaughterhouses and butcheries were 72.20% and 27.70%, respectively. The most commonly detected genotypes in the meat samples of slaughterhouses and butcheries were vacAm1a (66.66%) and vacA s1a (37.50%), respectively. The S1am1a was the most commonly detected genotype. Meat sampled from butcheries had the higher prevalence of H. pylori and its genotypes than those of slaughterhouses (p < 0.05). Results showed that meat samples could be the potential sources of virulent strains of H. pylori. Application of sanitary measures in the storage, transportation and sale of meat is essential for reducing the levels of H. pylori cross contamination.

High Frequency of vacA s1m2 Genotypes Among Helicobacter pylori Isolates From Patients With Gastroduodenal Disorders in Kermanshah, Iran

Background:

Helicobacter pylori infection and related diseases outcome are mediated by a complex interplay between bacterial, host and environmental factors. Several distinct virulence factors of H. pylori have been shown to be associated with different clinical outcomes. Here we focused on vacA and cagA genotypes of H. pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric disorder.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of two toxins and genotypes of VacA toxin in patients referred to a central hospital in the west of Iran (Imam Reza hospital, Kermanshah) during 2011 - 2012.

Patients and Methods:

Samples were collected from patients infected with H. pylori. Gastric biopsy specimens from the stomach antrum and corpus were cultured. PCR analysis was performed for genotyping H. pylorivacA and cagA genes.

Results:

Helicobacter pylori was isolated from 48% (96/200) of patients with gastroduodenal disorders. In 81/96 (84%) cases, the cagA gene was present. Among different genotypes of vacA, two s1m2 and s2m2 genotypes were dominant with frequency of 39.5% and 50%, respectively. The frequency of the s1m1 genotype was 7.2% (7/96), which is much lower than elsewhere. H. pylori isolates with positive results for cagA gene and vacA s1m2 genotypes showed statistically significant correlation with peptic ulcer (s1m2 13/34 [38.2%] P = 0.003). However, isolates of H. pylori infection with cagA gene and vacAs2m2 genotypes were significantly associated with development of gastritis (s2m2 41/42 [97.6%] P = 0.000).

Conclusions:

About 90% of H. pylori strains potentially contained vacAs2m2 and s1m2 genotypes. Infection with H. pylori strain containing the cagA gene or the vacAs1m1 and s1m2 genotypes was associated with increased incidence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD).