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Alikamali M, Emadi SF, Mahdizadeh M, Emami Z, Akbari H, Khodabandeh-Shahraki S. Comparing the Efficacy of Breast Milk and Coconut Oil on Nipple Fissure and Breast Pain Intensity in Primiparous Mothers: A Single-Blind Clinical Trial. Breastfeed Med 2023; 18:30-36. [PMID: 36638195 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2022.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nipple fissure is a prevalent problem for breastfeeding mothers. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is an herbal medicine that can heal microbial infections and wounds. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of VCO and breast milk on nipple fissures in primiparous mothers. Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: A single-blind clinical trial was conducted with 106 breastfeeding primiparous mothers suffering from nipple fissures in health centers of Zarand, Kerman, from August 2020 to November 2020. The participants were selected randomly and allocated to two 60-member groups using block randomization. Mothers in the first group were asked to apply 0.5 mL of coconut oil on their nipples three times a day. Mothers in the second group were trained to apply three to four drops of their milk on their nipples after every breastfeeding session. The level of nipple fissures and pain intensity were examined using Storr's scale and visual analog scale, respectively. The results were analyzed using the chi-square test, repeated measures analysis of variance, and the independent samples t-test in SPSS 22. In this study, the significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Within-group comparisons revealed a significant difference between baseline scores and the scores on the 7th and 14th days (p < 0.001). Between-group comparison indicated no significant difference in nipple fissure (p = 0.419) and pain intensity (p = 0.405) at baseline. Nonetheless, there was a significant difference on the 7th day (pfissure = 0.002, ppain <0.001) and on the 14th day (pfissure <0.001, ppain = 0.036). Conclusion: Given its effect on nipple fissures, VCO may be used as a complementary substance to treat nipple fissures. Trial Registration: This trial is registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the identifier: IRCT20190724044318N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alikamali
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Emadi
- Department of Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Zahrasadat Emami
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hosna Akbari
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Khodabandeh-Shahraki
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Paramashanti BA, Dibley MJ, Huda TM, Alam A. Breastfeeding perceptions and exclusive breastfeeding practices: A qualitative comparative study in rural and urban Central Java, Indonesia. Appetite 2022; 170:105907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cardenas SD, Puello SDCP, Montes LAB. Breastfeeding and Related Factors in Afrodescendant Women From Cartagena, Colombia. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2020.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Shahrahmani N, Amir Ali Akbari S, Mojab F, Mirzai M, Shahrahmani H. The Effect of Zizyphus Jujube Fruit Lotion on Breast Fissure in Breastfeeding Women. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:101-109. [PMID: 29796034 PMCID: PMC5958329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Nipple fissure is a common problem during breastfeeding. Zizyphus Jujube Fruits is one of the oldest medicinal plants which can heal wounds through its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of jujube lotion on the recovery of breast fissure. This double-blind clinical trial recruited 100 primiparous lactating women who were randomly divided into two groups. In Jujube group, mothers used 0.5 mL of Fruit Lotion, and in control group mothers applied 4-5 drops of their breast milk five times a day, after breastfeeding. Both groups were examined on the 7th and 14th days after childbirth. The damage severity was assessed using the Amir scale and the presence or absence of nipple discharge was recorded. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the extent of nipple damage before intervention on the 3rd day after childbirth and after intervention on the 7th and 14th days after childbirth (P = 0/02، P = 0/000). No significant difference was observed in sore nipple discharge between the two groups before the study and on the 7th day, while a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups on the 14th day (P = 0/1, P = 0/01). The finding of this study revealed that the Zizyphus jujube fruits lotion heals nipple fissure faster and better than breast milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Shahrahmani
- Student Research Committee,Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sedigheh Amir Ali Akbari
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Faraz Mojab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Moghadameh Mirzai
- Public Health School, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hadis Shahrahmani
- Student Research Committee,Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Dias JS, Vieira TDO, Vieira GO. Factors associated to nipple trauma in lactation period: a systematic review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042017000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: To identify the characteristics associated to nipple trauma in nursing mothers and propose a theoretical model explaining in hierarchical levels its determining factors. Methods: a systematic review of the literature based on the search of epidemiological studies of factors associated to nipple trauma in the databases of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online/Pubmed, Literatura Latino-Americana and Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Latin American Literature and Caribbean Health Sciences) and ScienceDirect. The conduct on searching articles occurred until June 2016. Results: 17 articles were selected which investigated 27 variables and found a significant association between 16 of these variables and nipple trauma. The factors associated to nipple trauma reported in two or more studies were: mother of race/color white or yellow, primiparity, inadequate position between mother and child during breastfeeding and handling the infant incorrectly to the mother's breast. Guidance received on handling and positioning the infant during prenatal care was a protective factor against nipple trauma. Conclusions: in the theoretical model explaining the factors associated to nipple trauma in hierarchical levels, the variables classified at the proximal level were the most investigated and were identified as risk factors in selected studies, indicating that in the postpartum care period is an important protective factor against nipple trauma.
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Shanazi M, Farshbaf Khalili A, Kamalifard M, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Masoudin K, Esmaeli F. Comparison of the Effects of Lanolin, Peppermint, and Dexpanthenol Creams on Treatment of Traumatic Nipples in Breastfeeding Mothers. J Caring Sci 2015; 4:297-307. [PMID: 26744729 PMCID: PMC4699508 DOI: 10.15171/jcs.2015.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic nipple is among the most common problems of the breastfeeding period which leads to early cessation of breastfeeding. The study aimed to compare the effects of the lanolin, peppermint, and dexpanthenol creams on the treatment of traumatic nipples. METHODS This double-blind randomized controlled trial was carried out on 126 breastfeeding mothers. The mothers had visited at the health centers and children's hospitals in Sanandaj City. The selected participants were randomly divided into the following three groups of lanolin, peppermint, and dexpanthenol cream groups. Nipple pain was measured using the Store scale while trauma was measured with the Champion scale. Analyses were carried out through the Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square, ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA by using SPSS software ver. 13. RESULTS The result showed that the mean score of nipple pain and nipple trauma at the prior to intervention stage, third, seventh, and fourteenth days of intervention was not significantly different between three groups. But, repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference in comparison of the four time periods of intervention in each group. CONCLUSION RESULTS of this study revealed that the lanolin, peppermint, and dexpanthenol medicines had similar therapeutic effects on traumatic nipple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Shanazi
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of
Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf Khalili
- Department of Midwifery, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Centre,
Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahin Kamalifard
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of
Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Road Traffic Injury Research
Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazhal Masoudin
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of
Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Esmaeli
- Information Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of
Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Parsa P, Masoumi Z, Parsa N, Parsa B. Parents' Health Beliefs Influence Breastfeeding Patterns among Iranian Women. Oman Med J 2015; 30:187-92. [PMID: 26171125 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine factors related to breastfeeding and its perceived health benefits among Iranian mothers. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed using 240 postpartum women who were selected randomly from eight public health care centers in Hamadan, Iran, in 2012. Mothers who breastfed (BF) and mothers who never breastfed (NBF) were given a structured questionnaire to collect their demographic data and information regarding their health beliefs and attitude towards child-rearing. Descriptive and logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS The mean length of breastfeeding was 11.6 (standard deviation=12.5) weeks. There was no difference in demographic variables, such as age, type of medical insurance, number of living children, employment, education, and household income (p>0.050), between mothers that breastfed and those that did not. Mothers' perception of the severity of child illness was higher in those who breastfed than those who never breastfed (p=0.050). In contrast, BF mothers had higher perceived confidence of medical care to prevent diseases (p<0.050) and a higher perception of reverse parent-child roles than NBF mothers (p<0.050). CONCLUSION Mothers' health beliefs and attitude to parenting has a significant role in choosing to breastfeed. Physicians and healthcare providers may provide supportive information that influence a mother's breastfeeding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Parsa
- Department of Mother and Child Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Masoumi
- Department of Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nakisa Parsa
- Department Child Development and Psychology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Bita Parsa
- Department of Professional Continuing Education, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Boskabadi H, Bagheri S. Comparison between infants receiving traditional supplements (camel thorn, flix weed, and sugar water) and exclusively breast fed infants. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2015; 5:479-84. [PMID: 26693405 PMCID: PMC4678493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although breast milk is considered the best nutritional option for neonates, use of traditional supplements such as sugar water, camel thorn, and flix weed in the first week of life of infants is quite common in Iran and many other countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether consuming such supplements has any impact on infant's breastfeeding behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred fifty four term infants who were referred to the neonatal clinic of Ghaem hospital were enrolled and divided into two groups. Control (exclusively breastfed infants, N=243) and case (breast milk feeding plus traditional remedies such as sugar water, camel thorn, and flix weed, N=211). Spss 19.5 was used for statistical analysis. T-test and Man-Whitney tests were used. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS The two groups were similar in their baseline data. Regarding duration of breastfeeding and breastfeeding frequency, use of these supplements resulted in a reduction in both breastfeeding frequency and duration (p<0.05). Breastfeeding problems such as poor let-down reflex and incorrect breastfeeding position were more common among mothers feeding these supplements to their infants. Moreover, infants with delayed initiation of first breastfeeding were more likely to receive these supplements. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, feeding infants with sugar water, camel's thorn, and flix weed is clearly associated with breast feeding problems such as poor let down reflex and incorrect breast feeding position. Use of these supplements resulted in a reduction in frequency and duration of breast feeding. Infants with delayed initiation of breast feeding are more likely to receive these supplementations. Therefore, any attempts to improve the community's culture would be of great benefit to the health and well being of our babies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sepideh Bagheri
- Corresponding Author: Tel:+985137269021 , Fax:+985137273943,
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