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Madiyeva M, Rymbayeva T, Kaskabayeva A, Bersimbekova G, Kanapiyanova G, Prilutskaya M, Akhmetzhanova D, Alimbayeva A, Omarov N. The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Bone Mineral Density in the Population of the Abay Region of Kazakhstan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:681. [PMID: 38928928 PMCID: PMC11204070 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is considered a serious public health problem that particularly affects the postmenopausal period. In 2018, in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 10.0, and the incidence was 3.7 new cases, per 100,000 adults, respectively. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and indicate the main factors affecting low bone mineral density by screening the adult population of the Abay region, Kazakhstan. The target group comprised 641 respondents aged between 18 and 65 years old, from a Kazakh population, who had been living in the Abay region since birth. All participants filled out a questionnaire and were subjected to a bone mineral density measurement by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) between 15 July 2023 and 29 February 2024. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between low bone mineral density and key demographic characteristics, such as lifestyle factors and nutritional habits. We identified the prevalence of low bone mass (osteopenia) and osteoporosis to be 34.1%, with the highest prevalence of 48.3% being found in the older population group (50+ years). The regression analysis revealed a number of indicators associated with the likelihood of bone sparing. However, only four of these showed significance in the final multivariate model (R2 = 22.4%). These were age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.05) and fracture history (AOR 1.64) directly associated with the likelihood of low bone density. Meanwhile, the body mass index (AOR 0.92) and the consumption of nuts and dried fruits (AOR 0.48) reduced the chance of bone tissue demineralization. Additional studies examining the prevalence and any emerging risk factors for osteoporosis are needed to advance clinical epidemiological knowledge and implement public health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madina Madiyeva
- Department of Radiology, Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Tamara Rymbayeva
- Department of Internal Diseases and Rheumatology, Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (T.R.); (A.K.); (G.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Alida Kaskabayeva
- Department of Internal Diseases and Rheumatology, Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (T.R.); (A.K.); (G.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Gulzhan Bersimbekova
- Department of Internal Diseases and Rheumatology, Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (T.R.); (A.K.); (G.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Gulnur Kanapiyanova
- Department of Internal Diseases and Rheumatology, Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (T.R.); (A.K.); (G.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Mariya Prilutskaya
- Department of Personalised Medicine, Pavlodar Branch of Semey Medical University, TorajgyrovStreet 72/1, Pavlodar Region, Pavlodar 140001, Kazakhstan;
| | - Dinara Akhmetzhanova
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Rehabilitation Named after Tusupova D.M., Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Aliya Alimbayeva
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Rehabilitation Named after Tusupova D.M., Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan; (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Nazarbek Omarov
- Scientific Research Department, Semey Medical University, Abay Street, 103, Abay Region, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan;
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Na X, Xi Y, Qian S, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhao A. Association between Dairy Product Intake and Risk of Fracture among Adults: A Cohort Study from China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081632. [PMID: 35458193 PMCID: PMC9027602 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The current literature reports inconsistent associations between dairy product intake and fracture. This study assessed the association between dairy product intake and the risk of fracture among Chinese adults and examined the mediation effects of height and body mass index (BMI) on the association. Methods: Data in 1997−2015 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were used. Dietary data were collected by a 24-hour dietary recall, and occurrences of fracture were obtained by self-report of participants. Cumulative average intake of daily dairy products was calculated by the sum of the dairy product intake and divided by the total waves of participating in the surveys before fracture. Cox proportion hazard regressions were performed to explore the associations between dairy product intake and the risk of fracture. Mediation analysis models were established to examine the mediation effects of height and BMI on the associations. Results: A total of 14,711 participants were included. Dairy product intake of 0.1−100 g/day was associated with a decreased risk of fracture, while no association was observed among participants with dairy product intake of >100 g/day. The indirect effects of dairy product intake on the fracture mediated by height and BMI were much smaller than the direct effects. Conclusions: Dairy product intake with 0.1−100 g/day is associated with a lower risk of fracture, and the association is mainly a direct result of nutrients in dairy products and much less a result of the mediation effects of height or BMI. Dairy product intake of 0.1−100 g/day might be a cost-effective measure for Chinese adults to decrease fracture incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Na
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Sicheng Qian
- Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence:
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