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Chen J, Lin G, Ma K, Li Z, Liégeois S, Ferrandon D. A specific innate immune response silences the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a latent infection model in the Drosophila melanogaster host. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012252. [PMID: 38833496 PMCID: PMC11178223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial pathogenicity often depends on the route of infection. For instance, P. aeruginosa or S. marcescens cause acute systemic infections when low numbers of bacteria are injected into D. melanogaster flies whereas flies succumb much slower to the continuous ingestion of these pathogens, even though both manage to escape from the gut compartment and reach the hemocoel. Here, we have developed a latent P. aeruginosa infection model by feeding flies on the bacteria for a short period. The bacteria stably colonize internal tissues yet hardly cause any damage since latently-infected flies live almost as long as noninfected control flies. The apparently dormant bacteria display particular characteristics in terms of bacterial colony morphology, composition of the outer cell wall, and motility. The virulence of these bacteria can however be reactivated upon wounding the host. We show that melanization but not the cellular or the systemic humoral response is the predominant host defense that establishes latency and may coerce the bacteria to a dormant state. In addition, the lasting activation of the melanization responses in latently-infected flies provides a degree of protection to the host against a secondary fungal infection. Latent infection by an ingested pathogen protects against a variety of homologous or heterologous systemic secondary infectious challenges, a situation previously described for the endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria, a guard against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiying Lin
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Modèles Insectes de l’Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kaiyu Ma
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi Li
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Samuel Liégeois
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Modèles Insectes de l’Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Ferrandon
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Modèles Insectes de l’Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Hassan M, Ejaz U, Rashid R, Moin SF, Gulzar S, Sohail M, Hasan KA, Alswat AS, El-Bahy ZM. Utilization of wild Cressa cretica biomass for pectinase production from a halo-thermotolerant bacterium. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200477. [PMID: 37458688 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Halophytes are the native inhabitants of saline environment. Their biomass can be considered as a potential substrate for the production of microbial enzymes. This study was intended at feasible utilization of a halophytic biomass, Cressia cretica, for pectinase production using a halo- and thermo-tolerant bacterium, Bacillus vallismortis MH 10. The data from fractionation of the C. cretica biomass revealed presence of 17% pectin in this wild biomass. Seven different factors (temperature, agitation, pH, inoculum size, peptone concentration, substrate concentration, and incubation time) affecting pectinase production using C. cretica were assessed through a statistical tool, Plackett-Burman design. Consequently, two significant factors (incubation time and peptone concentration) were optimized using the central composite design. The strain produced 20 IU mL-1 of pectinase after 24 h under optimized conditions. The enzyme production kinetics data also confirmed that 24 h is the most suitable cultivation period for pectinase production. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of C. cretica biomass ascertained utilization of pectin and structural changes after fermentation. The purification of pectinase by using DEAE column yielded specific activity and purification fold of 88.26 IU mg-1 and 3.2, respectively. The purified pectinase had a molecular weight of >65 kDa. This study offers prospects of large-scale production of pectinase by halotolerant strain in the presence of economical and locally grown substrate that makes the enzyme valuable for various industrial operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masooma Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Uroosa Ejaz
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rozina Rashid
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Syed Faraz Moin
- Dr. Zafar H Zaidi Center for Proteomics (Formely National Center for Proteomics), University of Karachi, Karach, Pakistan
| | - Salman Gulzar
- Dr Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable of Halophytes Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khwaja Ali Hasan
- Molecular and Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amal S Alswat
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeinhom M El-Bahy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Kaur D, Sharma V, Joshi A, Batra N, Ramniwas S, Sharma AK. Pectinases as promising green biocatalysts having broad-spectrum applications: Recent trends, scope, and relevance. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1663-1678. [PMID: 36977651 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Pectinases are a collection of multiple enzymes that have a common substrate, that is, pectin. They can act on different parts of pectin due to the structural heterogeneity of pectin. Therefore, they have been placed in different groups, such as protopectinases, polygalacturonases, polymethylesterases, pectin lyases, and pectate lyases. They are naturally present both in multicellular organisms such as higher plants and in unicellular organisms such as microbes. In past decade, it has been witnessed that chemical and mechanical methods employed in industrial processes have led to environmental hazards and serious health disorders, thus increasing the search for eco-friendly approaches with minimal health risks. Hence, microbial enzymes have been extensively used as safer alternative for these environmentally unsafe methods. Among these microbial enzymes, pectinases hold great significance and is one of the principal enzymes that have been used commercially. It is predominantly used as a green biocatalyst for fruit, fiber, oil, textile, beverage, pulp, and paper industry. Thus, this review focuses on the structure of pectin, microbial sources of pectin, and principle industrial applications of pectinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damanjeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Varruchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Navneet Batra
- Department of Biotechnology, GGDSD College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Biotechnology Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
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4
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Kachhadia R, Kapadia C, Datta R, Jajda H, Danish S, Glick BR. Cloning and characterization of Aiia, an acylhomoserine lactonase from Bacillus cereus RC1 to control soft rot causing pathogen Lelliottia amnigena RCE. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:665. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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5
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Barbato M, Vacchini V, Engelen AH, Patania G, Mapelli F, Borin S, Crotti E. What lies on macroalgal surface: diversity of polysaccharide degraders in culturable epiphytic bacteria. AMB Express 2022; 12:98. [PMID: 35895126 PMCID: PMC9329506 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgal surface constitutes a peculiar ecological niche and an advantageous substratum for microorganisms able to degrade the wide diversity of algal glycans. The degrading enzymatic activities of macroalgal epiphytes are of paramount interest for the industrial by-product sector and biomass resource applications. We characterized the polysaccharide hydrolytic profile of bacterial isolates obtained from three macroalgal species: the red macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius (Rhodophyceae) and the brown Halopteris scoparia (Phaeophyceae), sampled in South Portugal. Bacterial enrichment cultures supplemented with chlorinated aliphatic compounds, typically released by marine algae, were established using as inoculum the decaying biomass of the three macroalgae, obtaining a collection of 634 bacterial strains. Although collected from the same site and exposed to the same seawater seeding microbiota, macroalgal cultivable bacterial communities in terms of functional and phylogenetic diversity showed host specificity. Isolates were tested for the hydrolysis of starch, pectin, alginate and agar, exhibiting a different hydrolytic potential according to their host: A. taxiformis showed the highest percentage of active isolates (91%), followed by S. coronopifolius (54%) and H. scoparia (46%). Only 30% of the isolates were able to degrade starch, while the other polymers were degraded by 55-58% of the isolates. Interestingly, several isolates showed promiscuous capacities to hydrolyze more than one polysaccharide. The isolate functional fingerprint was statistically correlated to bacterial phylogeny, host species and enrichment medium. In conclusion, this work depicts macroalgae as holobionts with an associated microbiota of interest for blue biotechnologies, suggesting isolation strategies and bacterial targets for polysaccharidases' discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Barbato
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Violetta Vacchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Aschwin H Engelen
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Giovanni Patania
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Mapelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Borin
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Elena Crotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
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6
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Augmented Retting Effect on Kenaf Fibers Using Alkalophilic Pectinase-Producing Bacteria in Combination with Water Solvents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A degumming approach is used in this paper with alkalophilic pectinase-producing bacteria (APPB) and two sources of water solvents to address the existing conventional water retting complexities of kenaf. The incorporation of APPB was confirmed based on their retting feasibilities and multiple cell-wall-degrading enzymatic delicacy. The combinations of APPB with seawater offered retting achievements within six-day retting in non-sterile conditions. These retting niches showed maximum (14.67 U/mL) pectinase activity with fiber separation feasibilities of 4.75 Fried test score. The yielded fiber composition analysis showed a higher cellulose composition (84.65%) and the least amount of hemicellulose, pectin, and ligneous gummy substances. The transmission electron microscopy scan of the yielded fibers showed smooth fiber surfaces, 84.20 µm fiber diameter, and 7.65 g/tex fine fiber compared with uninoculated and combinations of freshwater treatments. The FTIR spectra revealed the cellulosic discrepancies of the retting treatments by monitoring O-H and C=O stretching at ~3300 cm−1 and ~1730 cm−1 wavenumbers. These findings are compelling to yield kenaf fibers of quality considering the existing retting difficulties.
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7
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Haile S, Masi C, Tafesse M. Isolation and characterization of pectinase-producing bacteria (Serratia marcescens) from avocado peel waste for juice clarification. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:145. [PMID: 35610561 PMCID: PMC9128139 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial pectinase is an enzyme that could be employed in numerous sectors to break down pectin polysaccharide compounds. The goal of this study is to find pectinase-producing bacteria in avocado peel waste and see if the pectinase enzyme produced can be used to make fruit juice clarification. RESULTS The researchers isolated four different bacterial strains from avocado peel waste samples. The potential two bacterial isolates that were identified as being Serratia marcescens and Lysinibacillus macrolides. Finally, the analysis of pectinase production and its application in fruit juice clarification were performed using one of the bacterial strains of Serratia marcescens. The clear apple, lemon, and mango juices were further processed to assess each juice's properties. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded in lemon juice samples. The lemon juice showed the highest total titratable acidity and total phenol content. Apple juices contained the highest total soluble solids, reducing sugar content, and viscosity and the mango juices have the maximum pH value recorded. CONCLUSIONS The pectinase isolated from the bacterium Serratia marcescens could clear fruit juices. This pectinase needs to be studied more to make sure it works better in the fruit industry and other businesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setegn Haile
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Chandran Masi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. .,Center of Excellence for Biotechnology and Bioprocess, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Mesfin Tafesse
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Center of Excellence for Biotechnology and Bioprocess, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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8
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Darrington M, Leftwich PT, Holmes NA, Friend LA, Clarke NVE, Worsley SF, Margaritopolous JT, Hogenhout SA, Hutchings MI, Chapman T. Characterisation of the symbionts in the Mediterranean fruit fly gut. Microb Genom 2022; 8. [PMID: 35446250 PMCID: PMC9453069 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Symbioses between bacteria and their insect hosts can range from loose associations through to obligate interdependence. While fundamental evolutionary insights have been gained from the in-depth study of obligate mutualisms, there is increasing interest in the evolutionary potential of flexible symbiotic associations between hosts and their gut microbiomes. Understanding relationships between microbes and hosts also offers the potential for exploitation for insect control. Here, we investigate the gut microbiome of a global agricultural pest, the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata). We used 16S rRNA profiling to compare the gut microbiomes of laboratory and wild strains raised on different diets and from flies collected from various natural plant hosts. The results showed that medfly guts harbour a simple microbiome that is primarily determined by the larval diet. However, regardless of the laboratory diet or natural plant host on which flies were raised, Klebsiella spp. dominated medfly microbiomes and were resistant to removal by antibiotic treatment. We sequenced the genome of the dominant putative Klebsiella spp. (‘Medkleb’) isolated from the gut of the Toliman wild-type strain. Genome-wide ANI analysis placed Medkleb within the K. oxytoca / michiganensis group. Species level taxonomy for Medkleb was resolved using a mutli-locus phylogenetic approach - and molecular, sequence and phenotypic analyses all supported its identity as K. michiganensis. Medkleb has a genome size (5825435 bp) which is 1.6 standard deviations smaller than the mean genome size of free-living Klebsiella spp. Medkleb also lacks some genes involved in environmental sensing. Moreover, the Medkleb genome contains at least two recently acquired unique genomic islands as well as genes that encode pectinolytic enzymes capable of degrading plant cell walls. This may be advantageous given that the medfly diet includes unripe fruits containing high proportions of pectin. The results suggest that the medfly harbours a commensal gut bacterium that may have developed a mutualistic association with its host and provide nutritional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Darrington
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Philip T Leftwich
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Neil A Holmes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Lucy A Friend
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Naomi V E Clarke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sarah F Worsley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - John T Margaritopolous
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Industrial and Fodder Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Volos, Greece
| | - Saskia A Hogenhout
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, Norwich, UK
| | - Matthew I Hutchings
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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Pectinase from Microorganisms and Its Industrial Applications. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:1881305. [PMID: 35311220 PMCID: PMC8933074 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1881305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of microbial pectinase in different industries has been increased in its world demand. The major sources of pectinase are microorganisms mainly bacteria, fungi and yeast. The utilization of low-cost agro-industrial wastes as substrates has been preferable in pectinase production. Pectinase production faced various parameters optimization constraints such as temperature, pH and production times which are the main factors in pectinase production. The pectinase enzyme is getting attention due to its several advantages; hence, it needs to be explored further to take its maximum advantage in different industries. This review discusses the pectin substance structure, substrate for pectinase production, factors influencing pectinase production, the industrial application of microbial pectinase and also discusses challenges and future opportunities of applying microbial pectinase in industry.
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Abdollahzadeh R, Pazhang M, Najavand S, Fallahzadeh-Mamaghani V, Amani-Ghadim AR. Screening of pectinase-producing bacteria from farmlands and optimization of enzyme production from selected strain by RSM. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:705-719. [PMID: 32026289 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pectinolytic enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of substrates containing pectin are widespread. Pectinases have potential applications in various industries, including food, animal feed, textile, paper, and fuel. In this study, one hundred bacterial isolates were collected from Marand city farmlands (Azarbaijan-E-Sharqi, Iran) and screened by MP medium on the base of pectinase activity considering the significance of pectinases. The results depicted that three isolates showed the most pectinase activity (more massive halo). The biochemical and molecular test results showed that the three screened bacteria were Enterobacter and named Enterobacter sp. MF41, Enterobacter sp. MF84, and Enterobacter sp. MF90. Enterobacter sp. MF84 had the largest halo, so this strain was selected for the study of its produced pectinase. The results exhibited that the produced enzyme has optimum temperature and pH for activity at 30 °C and in 9, respectively. Finally, the enzyme production by Enterobacter sp. MF84 is optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) considering four factors (NH4Cl, K2HPO4, pectin, and incubation time) as variables. The results showed that the optimization procedure increased the enzyme production up to 12 times (from 1.16 to 14.16 U/mg). The Pareto analysis revealed that ammonium chloride has a significant role in decreasing the enzyme production, probably by inducing the nitrification pathway enzymes in the presence of organic nitrogen in Enterobacter sp. MF84.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pazhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Saeed Najavand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Reza Amani-Ghadim
- Applied Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Escobar-Muciño E, Luna-Guevara ML, Ramos-Cassellis ME, Amador-Espejo GG, Castañeda-Lucio M, Arenas-Hernández MMP. Evaluation of process involved in the production of aromatic compounds in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from vanilla (Vanilla planifolia ex. Andrews) beans. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:1086-1098. [PMID: 31793107 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present investigation was aimed at isolating and identifying bacterial strains from cured vanilla beans. Additionally, the study focused on evaluating bacterial processes pertaining to the aromatic compounds production (ACP). METHODS AND RESULTS Three bacteria were isolated from Vanilla planifolia beans, previously subjected to the curing process. According to morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA analysis, the strains were identified as Citrobacter sp., Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The polygalacturonase activity (PGA) was determined using the drop, cup-plate and DNS methods. Aromatic compounds production was analysed by cup-plate method using FA as substrate and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (ppm), the functional groups of vanillic acid (VA) were identified by FT-IR and the aromatic compounds (AC) resistance was determined and reported as minimum inhibitory concentration. Citrobacter sp., Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas showed PGA (70·31 ± 364, 76·07 ± 12·47 and 51 ± 10·92 U ml-1 respectively), were producers of VA (3·23 ± 0·49, 324 ± 41 and 265·99 ± 11·61 ppm respectively) and were resistant to AC. CONCLUSIONS The Gram-negative bacteria isolated from V. planifolia beans were responsible for ACP. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first evidence for the role of Gram-negative bacterial isolates from cured Mexican V. planifolia beans in the process related to ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Escobar-Muciño
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Posgrado en Microbiología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - M L Luna-Guevara
- Colegío de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - M E Ramos-Cassellis
- Colegío de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - G G Amador-Espejo
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-IPN, Ex-Hacienda San Juan Molino Carretera Estatal Tecuexcomac, Tlaxcala, México
| | - M Castañeda-Lucio
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Posgrado en Microbiología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - M M P Arenas-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Posgrado en Microbiología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
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12
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Hosseini-Abari A, Emtiazi G, Jazini M, Kim J, Kim BG. LC/MS detection of oligogalacturonic acids obtained from tragacanth degradation by pectinase producing bacteria. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 59:249-255. [PMID: 30548881 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Tragacanth, a highly branched carbohydrate polymer isolated from Astragalus, is one of the most commonly used gums in food industry. The primary structure of tragacanth is composed of galacturonic acid monomers connected with α 1-4 links, and it is very similar to the pectin. Tragacanth degradation by microorganisms is significant in two aspects: first, food preservation and microbial growth control due to too much use of tragacanth in the food industry, second, therapeutic and pharmaceutical potential of obtained oligosaccharides. In the present study, we report three new strains of bacteria, Acinetobacter guillouiae strain TD1, Kosakonia sacchari strain TD2, and Bacillus vallismortis strain PD1 with the capability of growing in tragacanth as an only source of carbon and energy. The evolutionary history of the isolated strains was analyzed based on 16S rRNA gene sequences in MEGA7 using the neighbor-joining method. The production of di and tri galacturonic acid due to pectinase activities of the strains were detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography/Mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) analysis. Here is the first report of the ability to grow in tragacanth and pectinase activity monitoring in bacteria. Our results revealed that all of the isolated strains are capable of degrading pectin and tragacanth to oligo-galacturonic acids. The obtained products, which have different structures depending on the tragacanth structures and types of pectinolytic enzymes, would show therapeutic and pharmaceutical potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrouzossadat Hosseini-Abari
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Giti Emtiazi
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Jazini
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Joonwon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Response Surface Methodological Approach to Optimize the Critical Medium Components for Augmented Pectinase Production by Bacillus subtilis BKDS1. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.12.2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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14
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A Novel Non-Cumbersome Approach Towards Biosynthesis of Pectic-Oligosaccharides by Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus sp. Section Flavi Strain EGY1 DSM 101520 through Citrus Pectin Fermentation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167981. [PMID: 27992459 PMCID: PMC5167267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectic-Oligosaccharides (POS) have a growing potential in food and feed industries. To satisfy the demand of worldwide markets from POS and avoid the shortcomings of currently applied methodologies encountered in their preparation, the present study highlights a novel robust approach for POS biosynthesis. In the current approach, Aspergillus sp.section Flavi strain EGY1 DSM 101520 was grown on citrus pectin-based medium as a core POS production medium. POS' levels accumulated in the fungal fermentation broth were optimized through a three step sequential statistical mathematical methodology; Plackett-Burman design (PBD), Box-Behnken design (BBD) and canonical analysis. Three key determinants namely citrus pectin, peptone and NaH2PO4 were pointed out by PBD to impose significant consequences (P<0.05) on the process outcome (POS' levels). Optimal levels of these key determinants along with maximal of POS' levels were set by BBD and canonical analysis to be 2.28% (w/v) citrus pectin, 0.026% (w/v) peptone and 0.28% (w/v) NaH2PO4 to achieve a net amount of 1.3 g POS /2.28 g citrus pectin. Through this approach, a yield of 57% (w/w) POS of the total citrus pectin was obtained after 24 h of fungal growth on optimized citrus pectin-based medium. A fold enhancement of 13 times in POS' levels released in the fermentation fungal broth was realized by the end of the optimization strategy. This novel robust approach is considered a new insight towards POS biosynthesis via efficient, rapid and non-cumbersome procedure. To the best of authors' knowledge, the present work is the first article underlining detailed POS production from the fermentation broth of a fungus growing on citrus pectin-based medium.
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