Douimi L, Labib O, Oukessou Y, Rouadi S, Abada R, Mahtar M. Extra-renal rhabdoid tumor in an adult presenting as cervical adenopathy with spondylodiscitis.
Int J Surg Case Rep 2024;
114:109007. [PMID:
38029572 PMCID:
PMC10711154 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109007]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Rhabdoid tumor (RT) is among the most aggressive and lethal types of cancer. It most commonly arises in the central nervous system, kidney, or soft tissues. It typically affects young children.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case of a 21 years old man with an extrarenal rhabdoid tumor (ERRT) in the neck extending to the vertebra and epidural space. Clinical presentation was at first misleading as it presented as infectious spondylodiscitis with cervical adenopathies. The patient developed quadriplegia a few days after biopsy was taken and succumbed to his disease a week later.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
The diagnosis of MRT is mainly based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular studies. Loss of INI1 expression due to biallelic mutation of the SMARCB1 gene is characteristic. Because of the lack of standardized treatment protocols for MRT, various combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs are used. However, prognosis remains poor especially for cervical vertebral localization as it results in a rapid fatal outcome secondary to respiratory failure.
CONCLUSION
SMARCB1-related biology and potential therapeutic targets are the main focus of preclinical investigations that aim to expand treatment options and improve patient's survival.
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