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Chen X, Duan S, Zhou X, Fang S, Gu G, Sun J, Liu F. Diagnostic value of tuberculosis-specific antigens ESAT-6 and CFP10 in lymph node tuberculosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29251. [PMID: 38638946 PMCID: PMC11024604 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the diagnostic value of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for detecting the tuberculosis-secreted antigens ESAT-6 and CFP10 in lymph node tuberculosis. Methods Archived, paraffin-embedded lymph node specimens from 72 patients diagnosed with lymph node tuberculosis and 68 patients with lymphoma were retrospectively collected from the Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China between January 2016 and March 2023. These specimens were subjected to acid-fast and immunohistochemical staining to compare the effectiveness of these methods, with their sensitivity and specificity evaluated against a comprehensive reference standard. Results Acid-fast staining demonstrated a sensitivity of 12.3% and a specificity of 100%. IHC staining for ESAT-6 showed a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 85.3%, whereas IHC staining for CFP10 exhibited a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 89.7%. Conclusion The study indicates that IHC detection of ESAT-6 and CFP10 in paraffin-embedded lymph node tuberculosis tissues has a markedly higher sensitivity compared to acid-fast staining. Thus, IHC staining may serve as a supplementary diagnostic tool for the pathological evaluation of lymph node tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shaoqi Duan
- School of International Education and Cooperation, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xinchun Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guihua Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
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Wang K, Cheng L, Li W, Jiang H, Zhang X, Liu S, Huang Y, Qiang M, Dong T, Li Y, Wang J, Feng S, Li H. Susceptibilities of Malassezia strains from pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis and seborrheic dermatitis to antifungal drugs. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04203. [PMID: 32613106 PMCID: PMC7322256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human pathogenic yeast genus Malassezia may be an etiological agent of skin disorders and has received considerable attention from dermatologists in recent years. To investigate the different susceptibilities of Malassezia species to four antifungal drugs, we isolated a total of 244 Malassezia strains and identified six species of Malassezia from patients with clinical skin diseases. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the four antifungal drugs was obtained by comparing the susceptibility of the isolated Malassezia strains to four antifungal drugs (ketoconazole (KTZ), itraconazole (ITZ), fluconazole (FLC) and amphotericin B (Am B)). We demonstrated that M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. pachydermatis and M. globosa are the most common Malassezia species in the three skin diseases. The MICs of KTZ, ITZ, FLC and Am B against M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. pachydermatis and M. globosa ranged from 0.03 - 16 mg/L, 0.03 - 2.0 mg/L, 0.03 - 8 mg/L, and 13 - 64 mg/L, respectively. The sensitivities of Malassezia to the four antifungal drugs from high to low were ITZ ≥ KTZ > Am B > FLC. The susceptibilities of the various Malassezia species to the four antifungal drugs were different, and the susceptibility of M. furfur to KTZ was significantly different from those of the three skin diseases (pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis and seborrheic dermatitis). Our results suggested that the MIC analysis of the four antifungal drugs would be helpful in preventing drug resistance in the clinical screening of Malassezia and choosing better antifungal drugs to treat Malassezia-associated skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.,Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenshuang Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.,Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunli Huang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingyue Qiang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Tianxiang Dong
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuye Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Shike Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
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Abstract
Granulomas of the skin may be classified in several ways. They are either infectious or non-infectious in character, and they contain areas of necrobiosis or necrosis, or not. Responsible infectious agents may be mycobacterial, fungal, treponemal, or parasitic organisms, and each case of granulomatous dermatitis should be assessed histochemically for those microbes. In the non-infectious group, examples of necrobiotic or necrotizing granulomas include granuloma annulare; necrobiosis lipoidica; rheumatoid nodule; and lupus miliaris disseminates faciei. Non-necrobiotic/necrotizing and non-infectious lesions are exemplified by sarcoidosis; foreign-body reactions; Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome; Blau syndrome; elastolytic granuloma; lichenoid and granulomatous dermatitis; interstitial granulomatous dermatitis; cutaneous involvement by Crohn disease; granulomatous rosacea; and granulomatous pigmented purpura. Histiocytic dermatitides that do not feature granuloma formation are peculiar reactions to infection, such as cutaneous malakoplakia; leishmaniasis; histoplasmosis; lepromatous leprosy; rhinoscleroma; lymphogranuloma venereum; and granuloma inguinale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Wick
- Section of Dermatopathology, Division of Surgical & Cytological Pathology, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Microbiota separation and C-reactive protein elevation in treatment-naïve pediatric granulomatous Crohn disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012; 55:243-50. [PMID: 22699834 PMCID: PMC3812911 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0b013e3182617c16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), the presence of noncaseating mucosal granuloma is sufficient for diagnosing Crohn disease (CD) and may represent a specific immune response or microbial-host interaction. The cause of granulomas in CD is unknown and their association with the intestinal microbiota has not been addressed with high-throughput methodologies. METHODS The mucosal microbiota from 3 different pediatric centers was studied with 454 pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the fungal small subunit (SSU) ribosomal region in transverse colonic biopsy specimens from 26 controls and 15 treatment-naïve pediatric CD cases. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) was tested with real-time polymerase chain reaction. The correlation of granulomatous inflammation with C-reactive protein was expanded to 86 treatment-naïve CD cases. RESULTS The CD microbiota separated from controls by distance-based redundancy analysis (P = 0.035). Mucosal granulomata found in any portion of the intestinal tract associated with an augmented colonic bacterial microbiota divergence (P = 0.013). The granuloma-based microbiota separation persisted even when research center bias was eliminated (P = 0.04). Decreased Roseburia and Ruminococcus in granulomatous CD were important in this separation; however, principal coordinates analysis did not reveal partitioning of the groups. CRP levels >1 mg/dL predicted the presence of mucosal granulomata (odds ratio 28 [6-134.32]; 73% sensitivity, 91% specificity). CONCLUSIONS Granulomatous CD associates with microbiota separation and C-reactive protein elevation in treatment-naïve children; however, overall dysbiosis in pediatric CD appears rather limited. Geographical/center bias should be accounted for in future multicenter microbiota studies.
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