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Jiménez Ruiz CA, Pitti-Pérez R, de Granda-Orive JI, Pastor-Esplá E, Solano-Reina S, Gorordo-Unzueta I, Mirambeaux-Villalona R, De Higes-Martínez E, Riesco-Miranda JA, Ramírez-Prieto MT, García-Río F, Rábade-Castedo C. Prevalence, Knowledge and Perceptions of Smoking and Tobacco Products and Vape Among SEPAR Members. OPEN RESPIRATORY ARCHIVES 2023; 5:100260. [PMID: 37636991 PMCID: PMC10458292 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2023.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The professional dedicated to respiratory health has an exemplary role in tobacco control, promoting smoking cessation in their patients. However, multiple circumstances cause a low implementation. Therefore, the objective of the study is to identify the consumption, knowledge and perception of tobacco and its emerging products in a representative sample of professionals involved in the treatment of respiratory patients integrated into the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR). Methods Descriptive analysis of a structured online interview addressed to 5340 SEPAR members. Results In a sample of 802 respondents, more than 33% have smoked at some time and 6.6% continue to smoke. More than 66% consider smoking as a chronic disease. More than 90% consider their role model important and advise their patients to quit smoking, but less than half carry out a smoking intervention. Only 35% of them believe that the ban on smoking in health centers is always complied. More than 75% do not consider nicotine delivery devices an option for smoking cessation or harm reduction. 22% are unaware of water pipes and 29% of heated tobacco. Conclusions Professionals specialized in respiratory diseases are highly sensitized to smoking. Despite this, there are still weak points such as the insufficient implementation of smoking cessation interventions or the scant training in smoking and in new emerging products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Jiménez Ruiz
- Unidad Especializada en Tabaquismo de la Comunidad de Madrid, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Pitti-Pérez
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Esther Pastor-Esplá
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Eva De Higes-Martínez
- Unidad de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Riesco-Miranda
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de enfermedades respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Spain
| | | | - Francisco García-Río
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rábade-Castedo
- Servicio de Neumología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
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Sreedevi A, Majumdar A, Olando Y, Sun MC, Jennings C, Tibazarwa K, Gray H, Zatonska K, PK R, Najeeb SS. Experiences and Beliefs on Tobacco Use, Cessation in India: A Qualitative Study. Glob Heart 2023; 18:51. [PMID: 37744208 PMCID: PMC10516136 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Almost 80% of global tobacco usage is concentrated in low- and-middle-income countries (LMICs) like India. Added to this, there is dearth of dedicated tobacco cessation specialist services in healthcare settings in these regions. Identification of challenges in the delivery of cessation interventions and understanding the experiences of tobacco users will aid in formulating successful quit strategies. Objectives This qualitative study in India aimed to understand the perspectives of tobacco-using patients in healthcare facilities regarding tobacco use and cessation. Methods This qualitative study was conducted in urban and rural areas of four study sites, two each in the North and South India. Using purposive sampling, patients who were tobacco users were selected from healthcare facilities. The interviews were transcribed, coded and organised into themes. Analysis was done using NVivo 10 software. Results A total of 22 in-depth interviews were conducted on participants aged 23 to 80 years who were either current or past tobacco users. A majority of the participants were aware of their increased health risks associated with tobacco consumption and had attempted quitting; however, barriers such as peer influence, formed habit, certain cultural barriers and the addictive nature of nicotine prevented them from successfully quitting. Familial and peer support, the government's role in spreading public awareness, and limiting the sale of tobacco were stated as facilitators for tobacco cessation. Conclusions The findings of this study point out that despite awareness of the perils of tobacco among smokers, there are various barriers and beliefs related to tobacco use and cessation. These findings would prove advantageous for policy-makers to implement and promote addiction treatment programmes for successful tobacco cessation efforts. In order to optimise strategies, policies must be well informed by ongoing dialogue between the public, service providers and policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anindo Majumdar
- Dept of Community Medicine, All India institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal(AIIMS), Bhopal, IN
| | - Yvonne Olando
- National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drugs Abuse (NACADA), Nairobi, KE
| | - Marie Chan Sun
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit, MU
| | - Catriona Jennings
- National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, Univerity of Galway, IE
| | | | | | | | - Rinu PK
- John Snow India Private Limited, IN
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Grant A, Tan CJ, Wattanasirichaigoon S, Rungruanghiranya S, Thongphiew A, Thavorn K, Chaiyakunapruk N. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the SMART quit clinic program in smokers with cardiovascular disease in Thailand. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:47. [PMID: 37035838 PMCID: PMC10075194 DOI: 10.18332/tid/161024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SMART Quit Clinic Program (FAHSAI Clinic) has been implemented in Thailand since 2010; however, it remains unclear whether the benefits gained from this program justify its costs. We assessed its cost-effectiveness compared to usual care in a population of Thai smokers with cardiovascular disease (CVD) from a societal perspective. METHODS We conducted a cost-utility analysis using a Markov model to simulate lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of Thai smokers aged ≥35 years receiving smoking cessation services offered from FAHSAI Clinic or usual care over a horizon of 50 years. The model used a 6-month continuous abstinence rate from a multicenter prospective study of 24 FAHSAI Clinics. A series of sensitivity analyses including probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to assess robustness of study findings. Cost data are presented in US$ for 2020. RESULTS The FAHSAI Clinic was dominant as it was less costly ($9537.92 vs $10964.19) and more effective (6.06 vs 5.96 QALYs) compared with usual care over the 50-year time horizon. Changes in risks of stroke and coronary heart disease among males had the largest impact on the cost-effectiveness findings. The probability that FAHSAI Clinic was cost-effective was 99.8% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $5120. CONCLUSIONS The FAHSAI Clinic smoking cessation program was clinically superior and cost-saving compared to usual care for Thai patients with CVD in all scenarios. A budget impact analysis is needed to estimate the financial impact of adopting this program within the Thai healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Grant
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chia Jie Tan
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | | | | | - Araya Thongphiew
- Thai Physician Alliance Against Tobacco, Bangkok, Thailand
- Diabetes Mellitus and Endocrine Center, Paolo PhaholyothinHospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kednapa Thavorn
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- IDEAS Center, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, United States
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4
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Tarride JE, Blackhouse G, Guindon GE, Chaiton MO, Planinac L, Schwartz R. Return on investment of Canadian tobacco control policies implemented between 2001 and 2016. Tob Control 2023; 32:233-238. [PMID: 34376563 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the return on investment (ROI) associated with tobacco control policies implemented between 2001 and 2016 in Canada. METHODS Canadian expenditures on tobacco policies were collected from government sources. The economic benefits considered in our analyses (decrease in healthcare costs, productivity costs and monetised life years lost, as well as tax revenues) were based on the changes in smoking prevalence and attributable deaths derived from the SimSmoke simulation model for the period 2001-2016. The net economic benefit (monetised benefits minus expenditures) and ROI associated with these policies were determined from the government and societal perspectives. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to check the robustness of the result. Costs were expressed in 2019 Canadian dollars. RESULTS The total of provincial and federal expenditures associated with the implementation of tobacco control policies in Canada from 2001 through 2016 was estimated at $2.4 billion. Total economic benefits from these policies during that time were calculated at $49.2 billion from the government perspective and at $54.2 billion from the societal perspective. The corresponding ROIs were $19.8 and $21.9 for every dollar invested. Sensitivity analyses yielded ROI values ranging from $16.3 to $28.3 for every dollar invested depending on the analyses and perspective. CONCLUSIONS This analysis has found that the costs to implement the Canadian tobacco policies between 2001 and 2016 were far outweighed by the monetised value associated with the benefits of these policies, making a powerful case for the investment in tobacco control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Eric Tarride
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada .,Center for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Programs for Assessment of Technologies in Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gord Blackhouse
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Programs for Assessment of Technologies in Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Emmanuel Guindon
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael O Chaiton
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynn Planinac
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Schwartz
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ostroff JS, Shelley DR, Chichester LA, King JC, Li Y, Schofield E, Ciupek A, Criswell A, Acharya R, Banerjee SC, Elkin EB, Lynch K, Weiner BJ, Orlow I, Martin CM, Chan SV, Frederico V, Camille P, Holland S, Kenney J. Study protocol of a multiphase optimization strategy trial (MOST) for delivery of smoking cessation treatment in lung cancer screening settings. Trials 2022; 23:664. [PMID: 35978334 PMCID: PMC9383667 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is widespread agreement that the integration of cessation services in lung cancer screening (LCS) is essential for achieving the full benefits of LCS with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). There is a formidable knowledge gap about how to best design feasible, effective, and scalable cessation services in LCS facilities. A collective of NCI-funded clinical trials addressing this gap is the Smoking Cessation at Lung Examination (SCALE) Collaboration. METHODS The Cessation and Screening to Save Lives (CASTL) trial seeks to advance knowledge about the reach, effectiveness, and implementation of tobacco treatment in lung cancer screening. We describe the rationale, design, evaluation plan, and interventions tested in this multiphase optimization strategy trial (MOST). A total of 1152 screening-eligible current smokers are being recruited from 18 LCS sites (n = 64/site) in both academic and community settings across the USA. Participants receive enhanced standard care (cessation advice and referral to the national Quitline) and are randomized to receive additional tobacco treatment components (motivational counseling, nicotine replacement patches/lozenges, message framing). The primary outcome is biochemically validated, abstinence at 6 months follow-up. Secondary outcomes are self-reported smoking abstinence, quit attempts, and smoking reduction at 3 and 6 months. Guided by the Implementation Outcomes Framework (IOF), our evaluation includes measurement of implementation processes (reach, fidelity, acceptability, appropriateness, sustainability, and cost). CONCLUSION We will identify effective treatment components for delivery by LCS sites. The findings will guide the assembly of an optimized smoking cessation package that achieves superior cessation outcomes. Future trials can examine the strategies for wider implementation of tobacco treatment in LDCT-LCS sites. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03315910.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Ostroff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
| | - Donna R Shelley
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Lou-Anne Chichester
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | | | - Yuelin Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Elizabeth Schofield
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Andrew Ciupek
- GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer, Washington, D.C., USA
| | | | | | - Smita C Banerjee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Elena B Elkin
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Bryan J Weiner
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Chloé M Martin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Sharon V Chan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Victoria Frederico
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Phillip Camille
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Susan Holland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Jessica Kenney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Ave., 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
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Cao P, Smith L, Mandelblatt JS, Jeon J, Taylor KL, Zhao A, Levy DT, Williams RM, Meza R, Jayasekera J. Cost-Effectiveness of a Telephone-Based Smoking Cessation Randomized Trial in the Lung Cancer Screening Setting. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2022; 6:pkac048. [PMID: 35818125 PMCID: PMC9382714 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on the cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions in lung cancer screening settings. We conducted an economic analysis embedded in a national randomized trial of 2 telephone counseling cessation interventions. METHODS We used a societal perspective to compare the short-term cost per 6-month bio-verified quit and long-term cost-effectiveness of the interventions. Trial data were used to micro-cost intervention delivery, and the data were extended to a lifetime horizon using an established Cancer Intervention Surveillance and Modeling Network lung cancer model. We modeled the impact of screening accompanied by 8 weeks vs 3 weeks of telephone counseling (plus nicotine replacement) vs screening alone based on 2021 screening eligibility. Lifetime downstream costs (2021 dollars) and effects (life-years gained, quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs]) saved were discounted at 3%. Sensitivity analyses tested the effects of varying quit rates and costs; all analyses assumed nonrelapse after quitting. RESULTS The costs for delivery of the 8-week vs 3-week protocol were $380.23 vs $144.93 per person, and quit rates were 7.14% vs 5.96%, respectively. The least costly strategy was a 3-week counseling approach. An 8-week (vs 3-week) counseling approach increased costs but gained QALYs for an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $4029 per QALY. Screening alone cost more and saved fewer QALYs than either counseling strategy. Conclusions were robust in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Telephone-based cessation interventions with nicotine replacement are considered cost-effective in the lung screening setting. Integrating smoking cessation interventions with lung screening programs has the potential to maximize long-term health benefits at reasonable costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laney Smith
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jeanne S Mandelblatt
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jihyoun Jeon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn L Taylor
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amy Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - David T Levy
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Randi M Williams
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jinani Jayasekera
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Walia N, Gonzalez S, Zoorob R. A Systematic Review of the Use of St. John's Wort for Smoking Cessation in Adults. Cureus 2021; 13:e18769. [PMID: 34796061 PMCID: PMC8590314 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
St. John’s wort (SJW) has been researched and clinically used for treating various psychiatric disorders, including depression. Few clinical trials have studied its use in smoking cessation. This systematic review provides comprehensive evidence of the studies conducted to date. Five databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of SJW for smoking cessation in adults. The trials included the use of SJW alone, or along with nicotine replacement therapy, chromium, or behavioral therapies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to report this systematic review. Overall, four RCTs met the eligibility criteria, and the risk of bias analysis was conducted using the Cochrane criteria. Abstinence, along with other physical symptoms, were measured as outcomes at the end of the follow-up period. Studies reported variable abstinence rates and a decrease in cravings at the end of 12-14 weeks. However, there was minimal to no difference reported between the intervention and placebo groups in all of the clinical trials. One of the studies reported minimal physical side effects. Overall, SJW was well tolerated. Quality analysis of the included studies showed low concerns in two studies while the other two studies showed high concerns in the risk of bias judgment. More clinical trials with larger sample sizes should be conducted in the future to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of SJW for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Walia
- Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Sandra Gonzalez
- Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Roger Zoorob
- Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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Andelius DK, Hilberg O, Ibsen R, Løkke A. National Epidemiological Case-Control Study of Pharmacological Smoking Cessation Treatment in Danish Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2433-2443. [PMID: 34465989 PMCID: PMC8402988 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s317118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that is mainly caused by smoking, and most patients with COPD are either former or current smokers. The optimal way to slow down disease progression and reduce overall mortality is for patients to stop smoking. Patients with COPD are known to have lower socio-economic status and to be more nicotine-dependent than most other smokers and therefore face difficulties when attempting to quit smoking. Pharmacological smoking cessation treatment is known to be the most effective. However, the extent to which this treatment is actually offered to Danish smokers with COPD is unknown. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate if patients with COPD were more likely to redeem a prescription for smoking cessation medication compared with matched controls. Materials and Methods The study was designed as a registry-based, non-interventional case-control study. All Danish patients with COPD (ICD-10-code J 44 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) diagnosed between 2009 and 2015 were included (130,797 cases). Controls (252,216) were matched on age, gender and geography. Primary outcome was the number of redeemed prescriptions for smoking cessation medication. Results We found that 12% of patients with COPD redeemed a prescription for smoking cessation medication during the eight-year study period. The odds ratio (OR) for redeeming a prescription on smoking cessation medicine was OR 6.22 for patients with COPD compared with their matched controls. We also found that patients with COPD were more likely to redeem smoking cessation medication if they were younger, female or single. Conclusion There is substantial room for improvement with respect to pharmacological smoking cessation treatment in Danish patients with COPD. In-depth knowledge of factors contributing to the patients choice of smoking cessation treatment might allow for more personalized guidance of patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dea Kejlberg Andelius
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Hilberg
- Department of Medicine, Vejle, Little Belt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Løkke
- Department of Medicine, Vejle, Little Belt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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