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Concomitant administration of HAART aggravates anti-Koch-induced oxidative hepatorenal damage via dysregulation of glutathione and elevation of uric acid production. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111309. [PMID: 33524784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-Koch and HAART have been shown to independently induce toxicity to the liver and kidney, albeit available data are few and inconsistent. The present study evaluates the impact of Anti-Koch and HAART, when administered singly and in combination, on hepatic and renal status, and the possible role of adenine deaminase (ADA)/xanthine oxidase (XO) pathway. Anti-Koch and HAART administration were observed to independently impair hepatic and renal functions, diminish glutathione content, and substantially increase lipid peroxidation (MDA) and nitrogen reactive specie (NO). Coherently, these drugs caused significant accumulation of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, up-regulated ADA/XO signaling, increased uric acid production, and enhanced DNA fragmentation in the liver and kidney. Anti-Koch treatment did not significantly alter hepatic and renal levels of nitric oxide nor induce DNA fragmentation in the kidney. Co-administration of anti-Koch and HAART aggravated the observed biochemical alterations. Findings from the histopathological studies of the liver and renal tissues were in agreement with observed biochemical alterations. In conclusion, this report is the first to reveal that anti-Koch and HAART, when administered singly or in combination, attenuate glutathione content and elevate uric acid production in the liver and kidney via upregulation of ADA/XO signaling with resultant oxidative and nitrosative stress, and increased DNA fragmentation.
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Zhao H, Si ZH, Li MH, Jiang L, Fu YH, Xing YX, Hong W, Ruan LY, Li PM, Wang JS. Pyrazinamide-induced hepatotoxicity and gender differences in rats as revealed by a 1H NMR based metabolomics approach. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:17-29. [PMID: 30090474 PMCID: PMC6062402 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00245e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a well-known first line anti-tuberculosis drug used in combination with other drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin. Unfortunately, PZA suffered from a high rate of hepatotoxicity and hyperuricemia, which has not been clearly elucidated, hindering its wide application for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a model of rat sub-acute hepatotoxicity induced by PZA and to explore the affected metabolic pathways by a 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach complemented with histopathological analysis and clinical chemistry. Rats of both genders were administered with PZA by gavage at doses of 1.0 and 2.0 g kg-1 for 4 weeks. PZA decreased the weights of dosed rats and induced liver injury dose-dependently. The female rats were more sensitive to PZA induced damage. Orthogonal signal correction partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OSC-PLS-DA) of the NMR profiles of the rat liver and serum revealed that PZA produced a status of oxidative stress and disturbances in purine metabolism, energy metabolism and NAD+ metabolism in a gender-specific and dose-dependent manner. These findings could be helpful to clarify the mechanism of PZA-induced hepatotoxicity and hyperuricemia. This integrated metabolomics approach showcased its ability to characterize the global metabolic status of organisms, providing a powerful and feasible tool to probe drug induced toxicity or side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Zhi-Hong Si
- Cancer Hospital , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 350 Shu Shan Hu Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Lei Jiang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Yong-Hong Fu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Yue-Xiao Xing
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Wei Hong
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Ling-Yu Ruan
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Pu-Ming Li
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
| | - Jun-Song Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism , School of Environmental and Biological Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street , Nanjing 210094 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86 25 84303216
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