1
|
Rodriguez ME, Tekiel V, Campo VA. In vitro evaluation of Resveratrol as a potential pre-exposure prophylactic drug against Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2022; 20:54-64. [PMID: 36099853 PMCID: PMC9474288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chagas' disease or American trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi infection, is an endemic disease in Latin America, which has spread worldwide in the past years. The drugs presently used for treatment have shown limited efficacy due to the appearance of resistant parasites and severe side effects. Some of the most recent studies on anti-parasitic drugs have been focused on protein acetylation, a reversible reaction modulated by Acetyl Transferases (KATs) and Deacetylases (KDACs). We have previously reported the anti-parasite activity of resveratrol (RSV), an activator of KDACs type III (or sirtuins), and showed that this drug can reduce the growth of T. cruzi epimastigotes and the infectivity of trypomastigotes. Since RSV is now widely used in humans due to its beneficial effects as an antioxidant, it has become an attractive candidate as a repurposing drug. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of this drug to protect three different types of host cells from parasite infection. RSV treatment before parasite infection reduced the percentage of infected cells by 50-70% depending on the cell type. Although the mammalian cell lines tested showed different sensitivity to RSV, apoptosis was not significantly affected, showing that RSV was able to protect cells from infection without the activation of this process. Since autophagy has been described as a key process in parasite invasion, we also monitored this process on host cells pretreated with RSV. The results showed that, at the concentrations and incubation times tested, autophagy was not induced in any of the cell types evaluated. Our results show a partial protective effect of RSV in vitro, which justifies extending studies to an in vivo model to elucidate the mechanism by which this effect occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanina A. Campo
- Corresponding author. IIB: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnologicas, Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650 San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Oxidative Stress and Chronic Inflammatory Process in Chagas Disease: Role of Exosomes and Contributing Genetic Factors. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4993452. [PMID: 34976301 PMCID: PMC8718323 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4993452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the flagellated protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi that affects several million people mainly in Latin American countries. Chagas disease has two phases, which are acute and chronic, both separated by an indeterminate time period in which the infected individual is relatively asymptomatic. The acute phase extends for 40-60 days with atypical and mild symptoms; however, about 30% of the infected patients will develop a symptomatic chronic phase, which is characterized by either cardiac, digestive, neurological, or endocrine problems. Cardiomyopathy is the most important and severe result of Chagas disease, which leads to left ventricular systolic dysfunction, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Most deaths are due to heart failure (70%) and sudden death (30%) resulting from cardiomyopathy. During the chronic phase, T. cruzi-infected macrophages respond with the production of proinflammatory cytokines and production of superoxide and nitric oxide by the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzymes, respectively. During the chronic phase, myocardial changes are produced as a result of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cell death. The cellular inflammatory response is mainly the result of activation of the NF-κB-dependent pathway, which activates gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, leading to progressive tissue damage. The persisting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the result of mitochondrial dysfunction in the cardiomyocytes. In this review, we will discuss inflammation and oxidative damage which is produced in the heart during the chronic phase of Chagas disease and recent evidence on the role of macrophages and the production of proinflammatory cytokines during the acute phase and the origin of macrophages/monocytes during the chronic phase of Chagas disease. We will also discuss the contributing factors and mechanisms leading to the chronic inflammation of the cardiac tissue during the chronic phase of the disease as well as the innate and adaptive host immune response. The contribution of genetic factors to the progression of the chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy of chronic Chagas disease is also discussed. The secreted extracellular vesicles (exosomes) produced for both T. cruzi and infected host cells can play key roles in the host immune response, and those roles are described. Lastly, we describe potential treatments to attenuate the chronic inflammation of the cardiac tissue, designed to improve heart function in chagasic patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wan X, Garg NJ. Sirtuin Control of Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Chagas Disease Models. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:693051. [PMID: 34178728 PMCID: PMC8221535 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.693051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is a digenetic parasite that requires triatomines and mammalian host to complete its life cycle. T. cruzi replication in mammalian host induces immune-mediated cytotoxic proinflammatory reactions and cellular injuries, which are the common source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) during the acute parasitemic phase. Mitochondrial dysfunction of electron transport chain has been proposed as a major source of superoxide release in the chronic phase of infection, which renders myocardium exposed to sustained oxidative stress and contributes to Chagas disease pathology. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a class III histone deacetylase that acts as a sensor of redox changes and shapes the mitochondrial metabolism and inflammatory response in the host. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which SIRT1 can potentially improve mitochondrial function and control oxidative and inflammatory stress in Chagas disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiu Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Nisha Jain Garg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.,Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sánchez-Villamil JP, Bautista-Niño PK, Serrano NC, Rincon MY, Garg NJ. Potential Role of Antioxidants as Adjunctive Therapy in Chagas Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9081813. [PMID: 32308809 PMCID: PMC7136780 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9081813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases in the American continent. Host-derived nitroxidative stress in response to Trypanosoma cruzi infection can induce tissue damage contributing to the progression of Chagas disease. Antioxidant supplementation has been suggested as adjuvant therapy to current treatment. In this article, we synthesize and discuss the current evidence regarding the use of antioxidants as adjunctive compounds to fight harmful reactive oxygen species and lower the tissue oxidative damage during progression of chronic Chagas disease. Several antioxidants evaluated in recent studies have shown potential benefits for the control of oxidative stress in the host's tissues. Melatonin, resveratrol, the combination of vitamin C/vitamin E (vitC/vitE) or curcumin/benznidazole, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants seem to be beneficial in reducing plasma and cardiac levels of lipid peroxidation products. Nevertheless, further research is needed to validate beneficial effects of antioxidant therapies in Chagas disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juana P. Sánchez-Villamil
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Centro de Investigaciones, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Santander, Colombia
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Santander, Colombia
| | - Paula K. Bautista-Niño
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Centro de Investigaciones, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Santander, Colombia
| | - Norma C. Serrano
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Centro de Investigaciones, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Santander, Colombia
| | - Melvin Y. Rincon
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Centro de Investigaciones, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Santander, Colombia
| | - Nisha J. Garg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taty Zau JF, Costa Zeferino R, Sandrine Mota N, Fernandes Martins G, Manoel Serra S, Bonates da Cunha T, Medeiros Lima D, de Bragança Pereira B, Matos do Nascimento E, Wilhelm Filho D, Curi Pedrosa R, Coury Pedrosa R. Exercise through a cardiac rehabilitation program attenuates oxidative stress in patients submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting. Redox Rep 2018; 23:94-99. [PMID: 29279041 PMCID: PMC6748685 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1418191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis. Cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery disease submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting may prevent cardiovascular events probably through the attenuation of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of a cardiac rehabilitation program in the control of the systemic oxidative stress. METHODS The studied population consisted of 40 patients, with chronic stable coronary artery disease submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting, who attended a cardiac rehabilitation program. Biomarkers of oxidative stress were evaluated in the blood of these patients at different moments. RESULTS After the onset of cardiac rehabilitation, there was a significant and progressive decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels and protein carbonyls, an initial increase and subsequent decrease in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Also, a progressive increase of uric acid, while ferric reducing antioxidant power levels increased only at the end of the cardiac rehabilitation and a tendency to increase of glutathione contents. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that regular exercise through a cardiac rehabilitation program can attenuate oxidative stress in chronic coronary artery disease patients submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Taty Zau
- Cardiology Department, University
Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Cardiology Institute Edson Saad,
Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Costa Zeferino
- Biochemistry Department, Laboratory of
Experimental Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa
Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis,
Brazil
| | - Nádia Sandrine Mota
- Biochemistry Department, Laboratory of
Experimental Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa
Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis,
Brazil
| | - Gerez Fernandes Martins
- Instituto Aloysio de Castro-IECAC,
Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Salvador Manoel Serra
- Instituto Aloysio de Castro-IECAC,
Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Therezil Bonates da Cunha
- Instituto Aloysio de Castro-IECAC,
Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Daniel Medeiros Lima
- Instituto Aloysio de Castro-IECAC,
Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Basilio de Bragança Pereira
- Cardiology Department, University
Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Cardiology Institute Edson Saad,
Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Department of Biostatistics and Applied
Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute of Graduate
Studies and Research in Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio de
Janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emília Matos do Nascimento
- Department of Biostatistics and Applied
Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute of Graduate
Studies and Research in Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio de
Janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danilo Wilhelm Filho
- Ecology and Zoology Department,
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina-UFSC,
Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Biochemistry Department, Laboratory of
Experimental Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa
Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis,
Brazil
| | - Roberto Coury Pedrosa
- Cardiology Department, University
Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Cardiology Institute Edson Saad,
Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tavares de Oliveira M, Taciana Santos Silva K, Xavier Neves L, de Ornelas Toledo MJ, Castro-Borges W, de Lana M. Differential expression of proteins in genetically distinct Trypanosoma cruzi samples (TcI and TcII DTUs) isolated from chronic Chagas disease cardiac patients. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:611. [PMID: 30497493 PMCID: PMC6267078 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trypanosoma cruzi, a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite and the etiological agent of Chagas disease (CD), exhibits great genetic and biological diversity. Infected individuals may present clinical manifestations with different levels of severity. Several hypotheses have been proposed to attempt to correlate the diversity of clinical signs and symptoms to the genetic variability of T. cruzi. This work aimed to investigate the differential expression of proteins from two distinct genetic groups of T. cruzi (discrete typing units TcI and TcII), isolated from chronically infected individuals displaying the cardiac form of CD. For this purpose, epimastigote forms of the two isolates were cultured in vitro and the cells recovered for protein extraction. Comparative two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoreses were performed and differentially expressed spots selected for identification by mass spectrometry, followed by database searching and protein categorization. RESULTS The 2D electrophoretic profiles revealed the complex composition of the T. cruzi extracted proteome. Protein spots were distributed along the entire pH and molecular mass ranges attesting for the integrity of the protein preparations. In total, 46 differentially expressed proteins were identified present in 40 distinct spots found in the comparative gel analyses. Of these, 16 displayed upregulation in the gel from TcI-typed parasites and 24 appeared overexpressed in the gel from TcII-typed parasites. Functional characterization of differentially expressed proteins revealed major alterations associated with stress response, lipid and amino acid metabolism in parasites of the TcII isolate, whilst those proteins upregulated in the TcI sample were primarily linked to central metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS The comparative 2D-gel electrophoresis allowed detection of major differences in protein expression between two T. cruzi isolates, belonging to the TcI and TcII genotypes. Our findings suggest that patients displaying the cardiac form of the disease harbor parasites capable of exhibiting distinct proteomic profiles. This should be of relevance to disease prognosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maykon Tavares de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000 Brazil
| | - Karina Taciana Santos Silva
- Departamento de Farmácia, Escola de Farmácia, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000 Brazil
| | - Leandro Xavier Neves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP: 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG Brazil
| | - Max Jean de Ornelas Toledo
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde – Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, CEP: 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, PR Brazil
| | - William Castro-Borges
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000 Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP: 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP: 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG Brazil
| | - Marta de Lana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000 Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP: 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Purinergic Antagonist Suramin Aggravates Myocarditis and Increases Mortality by Enhancing Parasitism, Inflammation, and Reactive Tissue Damage in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7385639. [PMID: 30364017 PMCID: PMC6186315 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7385639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Suramin (Sur) acts as an ecto-NTPDase inhibitor in Trypanosoma cruzi and a P2-purinoceptor antagonist in mammalian cells. Although the potent antitrypanosomal effect of Sur has been shown in vitro, limited evidence in vivo suggests that this drug can be dangerous to T. cruzi-infected hosts. Therefore, we investigated the dose-dependent effect of Sur-based chemotherapy in a murine model of Chagas disease. Seventy uninfected and T. cruzi-infected male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into five groups: SAL = uninfected; INF = infected; SR5, SR10, and SR20 = infected treated with 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg Sur. In addition to its effect on blood and heart parasitism, the impact of Sur-based chemotherapy on leucocytes myocardial infiltration, cytokine levels, antioxidant defenses, reactive tissue damage, and mortality was analyzed. Our results indicated that animals treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg Sur were disproportionally susceptible to T. cruzi, exhibiting increased parasitemia and cardiac parasitism (amastigote nests and parasite load (T. cruzi DNA)), intense protein, lipid and DNA oxidation, marked myocarditis, and mortality. Animals treated with Sur also exhibited reduced levels of nonprotein antioxidants. However, the upregulation of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase was insufficient to counteract reactive tissue damage and pathological myocardial remodeling. It is still poorly understood whether Sur exerts a negative impact on the purinergic signaling of T. cruzi-infected host cells. However, our findings clearly demonstrated that through enhanced parasitism, inflammation, and reactive tissue damage, Sur-based chemotherapy contributes to aggravating myocarditis and increasing mortality rates in T. cruzi-infected mice, contradicting the supposed relevance attributed to this drug for the treatment of Chagas disease.
Collapse
|
8
|
Horta AL, Figueiredo VP, Leite ALJ, Costa GDP, Menezes APDJ, Ramos CDO, Pedrosa TCF, Bezerra FS, Vieira PMDA, Talvani A. The β-blocker carvedilol and the benznidazole modulate the cardiac immune response in the acute infection induced by Colombian strain of the Trypanosoma cruzi. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018; 113:e180271. [PMID: 30365644 PMCID: PMC6193372 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infection led by Trypanosoma cruzi persists in mammalian tissues causing an inflammatory imbalance. Carvedilol (Cv), a non-selective beta blocker drug indicated to treat heart failure and antihypertensive has shown to promote antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties which might improve the inflammation induced by T. cruzi. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the role of Cv on the inflammatory response of C57BL/6 mice acutely infected with the Colombian strain of T. cruzi. METHODS Animals were infected with the Colombian strain of T. cruzi and treated with Cv (25 mg/kg/day), benznidazole (Bz) (100 mg/kg/day) or their combination. On the 28th day of infection and 23 days of treatment, the euthanasia occurred, and the heart preserved for histopathological, oxidative stress (SOD, catalase, TBARs, carbonylated proteins) and plasma (CCL2, CCL5, TNF, IL-10) analyses. Parasitaemia and survival were assessed along the infection. FINDINGS Cv decreased TBARs, but increased the mortality rate, the parasitaemia and the levels of CCL2, CCL5, catalase and the inflammatory infiltrate in the cardiac tissue. Bz led the reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate and circulating levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in the infected mice. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that Cv, in this experimental model using the Colombian strain of T. cruzi, caused damage to the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Luciano Horta
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Vivian Paulino Figueiredo
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Ana Luisa Junqueira Leite
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula de Jesus Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Camila de Oliveira Ramos
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Tamiles Caroline Fernandes Pedrosa
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Frank Silva Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - André Talvani
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biomas Tropicais, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Angelini A, Pi X, Xie L. Dioxygen and Metabolism; Dangerous Liaisons in Cardiac Function and Disease. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1044. [PMID: 29311974 PMCID: PMC5732914 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart must consume a significant amount of energy to sustain its contractile activity. Although the fuel demands are huge, the stock remains very low. Thus, in order to supply its daily needs, the heart must have amazing adaptive abilities, which are dependent on dioxygen availability. However, in myriad cardiovascular diseases, “fuel” depletion and hypoxia are common features, leading cardiomyocytes to favor low-dioxygen-consuming glycolysis rather than oxidation of fatty acids. This metabolic switch makes it challenging to distinguish causes from consequences in cardiac pathologies. Finally, despite the progress achieved in the past few decades, medical treatments have not improved substantially, either. In such a situation, it seems clear that much remains to be learned about cardiac diseases. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss how reconciling dioxygen availability and cardiac metabolic adaptations may contribute to develop full and innovative strategies from bench to bedside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Angelini
- Department of Medicine-Athero and Lipo, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xinchun Pi
- Department of Medicine-Athero and Lipo, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Medicine-Athero and Lipo, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wen JJ, Porter C, Garg NJ. Inhibition of NFE2L2-Antioxidant Response Element Pathway by Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Contributes to Development of Cardiomyopathy and Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Chagas Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:550-566. [PMID: 28132522 PMCID: PMC5567598 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the effects of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) on nuclear factor (erythroid 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2) transcription factor activity during Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc) infection and determined whether enhancing the mtROS scavenging capacity preserved the heart function in Chagas disease. RESULTS C57BL/6 wild type (WT, female) mice infected with Tc exhibited myocardial loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, complex II (CII)-driven coupled respiration, and ninefold increase in mtROS production. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that Tc infection resulted in an ROS-dependent decline in the expression, nuclear translocation, antioxidant response element (ARE) binding, and activity of NFE2L2, and 35-99% decline in antioxidants' (gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthase [γGCS], heme oxygenase-1 [HO1], glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit [GCLM], thioredoxin (Trx), glutathione S transferase [GST], and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 [NQO1]) expression. An increase in myocardial and mitochondrial oxidative adducts, myocardial interventricular septum thickness, and left ventricle (LV) mass, a decline in LV posterior wall thickness, and disproportionate synthesis of collagens (COLI/COLIII), αSMA, and SM22α were noted in WT.Tc mice. Overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in cultured cells (HeLa or cardiomyocytes) and MnSODtg mice preserved the NFE2L2 transcriptional activity and antioxidant/oxidant balance, and cardiac oxidative and fibrotic pathology were significantly decreased in MnSODtg.Tc mice. Importantly, echocardiography finding of a decline in LV systolic (stroke volume, cardiac output, ejection fraction) and diastolic (early/late peak filling ratio, myocardial performance index) function in WT.Tc mice was abolished in MnSODtg.Tc mice. Innovation and Conclusion: The mtROS inhibition of NFE2L2/ARE pathway constitutes a key mechanism in signaling the fibrotic gene expression and evolution of chronic cardiomyopathy. Preserving the NFE2L2 activity arrested the mitochondrial and cardiac oxidative stress, cardiac fibrosis, and heart failure in Chagas disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 550-566.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Jianjun Wen
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas
| | - Craig Porter
- 2 Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospital for Children , Galveston, Texas.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas
| | - Nisha Jain Garg
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas.,4 Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas.,5 Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carvedilol Attenuates the Progression of Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Bile Duct Ligation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4612769. [PMID: 28396867 PMCID: PMC5370484 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4612769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is responsible for hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and the accumulation of collagen that occurs in hepatic fibrogenesis. Carvedilol has been widely used for the complication of hepatic cirrhosis in the clinic. Furthermore, it has powerful antioxidant properties. We assessed the potential antifibrotic effects of carvedilol and the underlying mechanisms that may further enhance its clinical benefits. Methods. Using a bile duct ligation rat model of hepatic fibrosis, we studied the effects of carvedilol on the fibrosis, collagen deposition, and oxidative stress based on histology, immunohistochemistry, western blot, and RT-PCR analyses. Results. Carvedilol attenuated liver fibrosis, as evidenced by reduced hydroxyproline content and the accumulation of collagen, downregulated TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, and upregulated MMP-13. MMP-2 was an exception, which was decreased after carvedilol treatment for 2 weeks and upregulated after carvedilol treatment for 4 weeks. Carvedilol reduced the activation of HSCs, decreased the induction of collagen, transforming growth factor-β1, and MDA content, and strengthened the SOD activity. The antifibrotic effects were augmented as dosages increased. Conclusions. The study indicates that carvedilol attenuated hepatic fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner. It can decrease collagen accumulation and HSCs activation by the amelioration of oxidative stress.
Collapse
|
12
|
Potential Role of Carvedilol in the Cardiac Immune Response Induced by Experimental Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9205062. [PMID: 28377930 PMCID: PMC5362721 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9205062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi causes a cardiac infection characterized by an inflammatory imbalance that could become the inciting factor of the illness. To this end, we evaluated the role of carvedilol, a beta-blocker with potential immunomodulatory properties, on the immune response in C57BL/6 mice infected with VL-10 strain of T. cruzi in the acute phase. Animals (n = 40) were grouped: (i) not infected, (ii) infected, (iii) infected + carvedilol, and (iv) not infected + carvedilol. We analyzed parameters related to parasitemia, plasma levels of TNF, IL-10, and CCL2, and cardiac histopathology after the administration of carvedilol for 30 days. We did not observe differences in the maximum peaks of parasitemia in the day of their detection among the groups. The plasma TNF was elevated at 60 days of infection in mice treated or not with carvedilol. However, we observed a decreased CCL2 level and increased IL-10 levels in those infected animals treated with carvedilol, which impacted the reduction of the inflammatory infiltration in cardiac tissue. For this experimental model, carvedilol therapy was not able to alter the levels of circulating parasites but modulates the pattern of CCL2 and IL-10 mediators when the VL10 strain of T. cruzi was used in C57BL6 mice.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bravo-Tobar ID, Nello-Pérez C, Fernández A, Mogollón N, Pérez MC, Verde J, Concepción JL, Rodriguez-Bonfante C, Bonfante-Cabarcas R. ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY AND SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AS PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF CHAGAS DISEASE SEVERITY. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 57:385-92. [PMID: 26603224 PMCID: PMC4660446 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000500003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a public health problem worldwide. The availability of diagnostic tools to predict the development of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. Here we analyze the prognostic value of adenosine deaminase serum activity (ADA) and C-reactive protein serum levels (CRP) in chagasic individuals. One hundred and ten individuals, 28 healthy and 82 chagasic patients were divided according to disease severity in phase I (n = 35), II (n = 29), and III (n = 18). A complete medical history, 12-lead electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, and M-mode echocardiogram were performed on each individual. Diagnosis of Chagas disease was confirmed by ELISA and MABA using recombinant antigens; ADA was determined spectrophotometrically and CRP by ELISA. The results have shown that CRP and ADA increased linearly in relation to disease phase, CRP being significantly higher in phase III and ADA at all phases. Also, CRP and ADA were positively correlated with echocardiographic parameters of cardiac remodeling and with electrocardiographic abnormalities, and negatively with ejection fraction. CRP and ADA were higher in patients with cardiothoracic index ≥ 50%, while ADA was higher in patients with ventricular repolarization disturbances. Finally, CRP was positively correlated with ADA. In conclusion, ADA and CRP are prognostic markers of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in Chagas disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alí Fernández
- Hospital de Chabasquén, Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud, Chabasquén, Venezuela
| | - Nora Mogollón
- Universidade Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Mary Carmen Pérez
- Universidade Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Juan Verde
- Universidade Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|