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Hoque N, Khan ZR, Rashid PT, Begum MN, Sharmin S, Hossain MJ, Rana MS, Sohrab MH. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of endophytic fungi isolated from Thysanolaena maxima Roxb., Dracaena spicata Roxb. and Aglaonema hookerianum Schott. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:347. [PMID: 37777711 PMCID: PMC10542267 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytic fungi have recently been recognized as an impressive source of natural biomolecules. The primary objective of the research was to isolate fungal endophytes from Thysanolaena maxima Roxb., Dracaena spicata Roxb. and Aglaonema hookerianum Schott. of Bangladesh and assess their pharmacological potentialities focusing on antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties. METHODS The fungal isolates were identified up to the genus level by analyzing their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Ethyl acetate extracts of all the fungal isolates were screened for different bioactivities, including antimicrobial (disc diffusion method), antioxidant (DPPH scavenging assay), and cytotoxic (brine shrimp lethality bioassay) activities. RESULTS Among the thirteen isolates, Fusarium sp. was the most recognized genus, while the others belonged to Colletotrichum sp. and Pestalotia sp. Comparing the bioactivity of all the extracts, Fusarium sp. was shown to be the most effective endophyte, followed by Colletotrichum sp. and Pestalotia sp. In the antimicrobial study, two isolates of Fusarium sp. (internal strain nos. DSLE-1 and AHPE-4) showed inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria and the highest zone of inhibition (15.5 ± 0.4 mm) was exerted by AHPE-4 against Bacillus subtillis. All the fungal isolates produced mild to moderate free radical scavenging activity, where the highest antioxidant activity was revealed by one isolate of Fusarium sp. (internal strain no. AHPE-3) with an IC50 value of 84.94 ± 0.41 µg/mL. The majority of Fusarium sp. isolates exhibited notable cytotoxic activity, where AHPE-4 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, having the LC50 value of 14.33 ± 4.5 µg/mL. CONCLUSION The findings of the study endorsed that the fungal endophytes isolated from T. maxima, D. spicata, and A. hookerianum hold potential as valuable origins of bioactive substances. Nevertheless, more comprehensive research is warranted, which could develop novel natural compounds from these endophytes to treat various infectious and cancerous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Hoque
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Aftabnagar, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Zihan Rahman Khan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mst Nadira Begum
- Biological Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Suriya Sharmin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sohel Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hossain Sohrab
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
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Tondera K, Chazarenc F, Brisson J, Chagnon PL. Structure and impact of root-associated fungi in treatment wetland mesocosms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159958. [PMID: 36343819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Root fungal endophytes have been shown to play a positive role in soil phytoremediation by immobilizing or degrading contaminants. In comparison, little is known about their ecological functions and possible role in improving plant performance in treatment wetlands. In a greenhouse study, we compared the structure of fungal communities associated with Phragmites australis roots in treatment wetland mesocosms fed with pre-treated wastewater to mesocosms fed with drinking water. We evaluated the role of water source as an environmental filter structuring fungal communities, and correlated the relative abundances of fungal taxa with key services delivered by the wetlands (i.e., biomass production and nutrient removal). Mesocosms fed with wastewater had higher fungal alpha-diversity. Contrary to expectations, many fungi were unique to drinking water-fed mesocosms, suggesting that the oligotrophic conditions prevailing in these mesocosms benefited specific fungal taxa. On the other hand, wastewater-fed mesocosms had a slightly higher proportion of sequence reads belonging to fungal species recognized as potential endophytes and phytopathogens, highlighting the potential role of wastewater as a source of plant-associated fungi. Interestingly, we found contrasted association patterns between fungal species' relative abundances and different treatment wetland services (e.g., N vs P removal), such that some fungi were positively associated with N removal but negatively associated with P removal. This suggests that fungal endophytes may be functionally complementary in their contribution to distinct mesocosm services, thus supporting arguments in favor of microbial diversity in phytotechnologies. Because of the wide alpha-diversity of fungal communities, and the fact that with current databases, most species remained unassigned to a specific function (or even guild), further investigation is needed to link fungal community structure and service delivery in treatment wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Tondera
- INRAE, REVERSAAL, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France; IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de Loire, Department of Energy Systems and Environment, 44307 Nantes, France.
| | | | - Jacques Brisson
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Pierre-Luc Chagnon
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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Zheng H, Qiao M, Xu J, Yu Z. Culture-Based and Culture-Independent Assessments of Endophytic Fungal Diversity in Aquatic Plants in Southwest China. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:692549. [PMID: 37744110 PMCID: PMC10512276 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.692549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems contain tremendous plant and microbial diversity. However, little is known about endophyte diversity in aquatic plants. In this study, we investigated the diversity of endophytic fungi in aquatic plants in southwest China using both culture-based and culture-independent high-throughput sequencing methods. A total of 1,689 fungal isolates belonging to three phyla and 154 genera were obtained from 15,373 plant tissue segments of 30 aquatic plant species. The most abundant endophytic fungi were those in ascomycete genera Aspergillus, Ceratophoma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma and Plectosporium. No difference in fungal isolation rates was observed among tissues from roots, stems, and leaves. Twenty tissue samples from three most common plant species were further subjected to culture-independent meta-barcode sequencing. The sequence-based analyses revealed a total of 1,074 OTUs belonging to six fungal phyla and 194 genera. Among the three plants, Batrachium bungei harbored the highest number of OTUs. Besides, a total of 66 genera were detected by two methods. Both the culture-dependent and independent methods revealed that aquatic plants in southwest China have abundant endophytic fungal diversity. This study significantly expands our knowledge of the fungal community of aquatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zheng
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Qiao
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Zefen Yu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Tondera K, Chazarenc F, Chagnon PL, Brisson J. Bioaugmentation of treatment wetlands - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145820. [PMID: 33618303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation in the form of artificial mycorrhization of plant roots and bacterial inoculation has been successfully implemented in several fields including soil remediation or activated sludge treatment. Likewise, bioaugmentation seems a promising approach to improve the functioning of treatment wetlands, considering that natural mycorrhization has been detected in treatment wetlands and that bacteria are the main driver of contaminant degradation processes. However, to date, full scale implementation seems to be rare. This review synthesizes the effects of bioaugmentation on different types of treatment wetlands, to a large extent performed on a microcosm (<0.5 m2) or mesocosm scale (0.51 to 5 m2). While inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi tended to show a positive effect on the growth of some wetland plants (e.g. Phragmites australis), the mechanisms underlying such positive effects are not well understood and the effects of upscaling to full scale treatment wetlands remain unknown. Bacterial inoculation tended to promote plant growth and pollutant degradation, but longer term data is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Tondera
- INRAE, REVERSAAL, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France; IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de Loire, Department of Energy Systems and Environment, 44307 Nantes, France.
| | | | - Pierre-Luc Chagnon
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Jacques Brisson
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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Park JM, Hong JW, Lee W, Lee BH, You YH. Fungal Clusters and Their Uniqueness in Geographically Segregated Wetlands: A Step Forward to Marsh Conservation for a Wealth of Future Fungal Resources. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:351-363. [PMID: 33177915 PMCID: PMC7580721 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1796413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigated fungal microbiota in the understory root layer of representative well-conserved geographically segregated natural wetlands in the Korean Peninsula. We obtained 574,143 quality fungal sequences in total from soil samples in three wetlands, which were classified into 563 operational taxonomic units (OTU), 5 phyla, 84 genera. Soil texture, total nitrogen, organic carbon, pH, and electrical conductivity of soil were variable between geographical sites. We found significant differences in fungal phyla distribution and ratio, as well as genera variation and richness between the wetlands. Diversity was greater in the Jangdo islands wetland than in the other sites (Chao richness/Shannon/Simpson's for wetland of the Jangdo islands: 283/6.45/0.97 > wetland of the Mt. Gariwang primeval forest: 169/1.17/0.22 > wetland of the Hanbando geology: 145/4.85/0.91), and this variance corresponded to the confirmed number of fungal genera or OTUs (wetlands of Jangdo islands: 42/283 > of Mt. Gariwang primeval forest: 32/169 > of the Hanbando geology: 25/145). To assess the uniqueness of the understory root layer fungus taxa, we analyzed fungal genera distribution. We found that the percentage of fungal genera common to two or three wetland sites was relatively low at 32.3%, while fungal genera unique to each wetland site was 67.7% of the total number of identified fungal species. The Jangdo island wetland had higher fungal diversity than did the other sites and showed the highest level of uniqueness among fungal genera (Is. Jangdo wetland: 34.5% > wetland of Mt. Gariwang primeval forest: 28.6% > wetland of the Hanbando geology: 16.7%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Myong Park
- Water Quality Research Institute, Waterworks Headquarters Incheon Metropolitan City, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Hong
- Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Lee
- Research Institute for Dok-do and Ulleung-do Island, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun You
- Microorganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- CONTACT Young-Hyun You
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Wu LS, Dong WG, Si JP, Liu JJ, Zhu YQ. Endophytic fungi, host genotype, and their interaction influence the growth and production of key chemical components of Dendrobium catenatum. Fungal Biol 2020; 124:864-876. [PMID: 32948274 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To examine how host plant genotype, endophytic fungal species, and their interaction may affect growth and key chemical content and composition in an important orchid species, we assessed four Dendrobium catenatum cultivars co-cultured with three fungi previously isolated from D. catenatum. Fungal endophytes (Tulasnella sp., Leptosphaeria microscopica, and Guignardia sp.) specifically affected the growth and chemical composition of the four cultivars. Fungal infection significantly increased certain growth traits, especially mid-stem thickness, stem biomass, stem polysaccharide and ethanol-soluble extractive content, and leaf flavonoid and phenol content. Presence or abundance of some key chemical components was also altered by fungal treatment. These increases and alterations were highly dependent on the host genotype. The findings of this study contribute to our understanding of Dendrobium and endophytic fungi interactions, and provide vital information for improving the development and use of endophytic fungi in D. catenatum breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Shang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Wei-Guo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Jin-Ping Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China.
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
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Zhao J, Tang X, Li K, Guo Y, Feng M, Gao J. Streptomyces paludis sp. nov., isolated from an alpine wetland soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:773-778. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Zhao
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Xinke Tang
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Kaiqin Li
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Yihui Guo
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Meichang Feng
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-Polluted Soils, College of Hunan Province, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
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Klymiuk AA, Sikes BA. Suppression of root-endogenous fungi in persistently inundated Typha roots. Mycologia 2019; 111:748-757. [PMID: 31390954 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1635388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Wetland soils are defined by anoxic and reducing conditions that impose biogeochemically hostile conditions on plant roots and their endogenous fungal communities. The cosmopolitan wetland plant Typha L. mitigates root-zone anoxia efficiently, such that roots of these plants may constitute fungal habitats similar to roots in subaerially exposed soils. Alternatively, fungi may compete with plant cells for limited oxygen in inundated roots. We hypothesized that extrinsic environmental factors may reduce fungal incidence and affect fungal community structure within inundated roots as compared with those in subaerially exposed soils. We sampled roots of Typha spp. plants across inundation gradients in constructed reservoirs; root subsamples were microscopically examined for fungal structures, and morphologically distinct fungal endophytes were cultured and isolated from surface-sterilized subsamples. We found that the incidence of fungal hyphae was suppressed for all types of vegetative mycelia when roots were inundated, regardless of depth, but that there were no obvious differences in community composition of fungi cultured from roots growing in inundated versus subaerially exposed soils. This suggests that the suppression of hyphae we observed in root samples did not result from changes in community composition. Instead, low hyphal incidence in inundated Typha roots may reflect germinal inhibition or unsuccessful initial colonization, possibly owing to plant-mediated redox dynamism in the surrounding soil. No variation was seen in the incidence of asexual spores, or chytridiomycetes, nor were there significant differences between geographically disparate sampling sites. Communities of root-endogenous fungi may therefore be influenced more strongly by external environmental factors than by the environments that plant roots comprise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Klymiuk
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Haworth Hall , 1200 Sunnyside Avenue , Lawrence , Kansas 66045.,Field Museum of Natural History, Gantz Family Collections Center , 1400 S Lake Shore Drive , Chicago , Illinois 60605
| | - Benjamin A Sikes
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Haworth Hall , 1200 Sunnyside Avenue , Lawrence , Kansas 66045
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Park JM, Hong JW, Son JS, Hwang YJ, Cho HM, You YH, Ghim SY. A strategy for securing unique microbial resources – focusing on Dokdo islands-derived microbial resources. Isr J Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20181024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the state of research on the microbial resources of Dokdo, Korea, as a strategy for securing national microbial resources. In the Korean peninsula, studies aimed at securing microbial resources are carried out across diverse natural environments, especially in the Dokdo islands. Until 2017, a total of 61 novel microbial genera, species, or newly recorded strains have been reported. Among these, 10 new taxa have had their whole genome sequenced and published, in order to find novel useful genes. Additionally, there have been multiple reports of bacteria with novel characteristics, including promoting plant growth or inducing systemic resistance in plants, calcite-forming ability, electrical activation, and production of novel enzymes. Furthermore, fundamental studies on microbial communities help to secure and define microbial resources in the Dokdo islands. This study will propose several tactics, based on ecological principles, for securing more microbial resources to cope with the current increase in international competition for biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Myong Park
- a School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Research Institute for Ulleungdo & Dokdo Islands, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- b Department of Infectious Disease Diagnosis, Incheon Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Hong
- c Marine Plants Team, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Son
- a School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Research Institute for Ulleungdo & Dokdo Islands, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Hwang
- a School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Research Institute for Ulleungdo & Dokdo Islands, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Min Cho
- d LOTTE Group R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun You
- e Microoganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Sa-Youl Ghim
- a School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Research Institute for Ulleungdo & Dokdo Islands, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Supaphon P, Keawpiboon C, Preedanon S, Phongpaichit S, Rukachaisirikul V. Isolation and antimicrobial activities of fungi derived from Nymphaea lotus and Nymphaea stellata. MYCOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Biosynthetic and antimicrobial potential of actinobacteria isolated from bulrush rhizospheres habitat in Zhalong Wetland, China. Arch Microbiol 2018; 200:695-705. [PMID: 29368168 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The wetland ecosystem is known to possess unique vegetation and serves multiple functions within the environment. In this study, bacterial bioprospecting of bulrush rhizospheres in the Zhalong Wetland, China, was performed using comprehensive methods, including strain isolation and phylogenetic analysis, PCR detection of biosynthetic gene clusters, assessment of antimicrobial activity, metabolite profiling and genome analysis. A total of 27 actinobacterial strains were isolated, and their biosynthetic gene clusters (NRPS, PKS-I and PKS-II) were investigated; all of the tested strains had at least one of the three aforementioned biosynthetic gene clusters. Furthermore, fermentation broth extracts produced by these strains showed antimicrobial activities against certain pathogens, and ten of the extracts exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis indicated chemical diversity of secondary metabolites from these extracts. Among these strains, ZLSD-24 generated the largest amounts and types of secondary metabolites. Subsequent genome analysis showed that 41 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters were present in the strain ZLSD-24, which was in accordance with the LC-MS data. Taken together, the results of this study reveal that bulrush rhizosphere habitat in the Zhalong wetland is a promising source of novel natural products.
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Phylogeny and morphological analyses of Penicillium section Sclerotiora (Fungi) lead to the discovery of five new species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8233. [PMID: 28811639 PMCID: PMC5557846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogeny of Penicillium section Sclerotiora is still limitedly investigated. In this study, five new species of Penicillium are identified from the samples collected from different places of China, and named P. austrosinicum, P. choerospondiatis, P. exsudans, P. sanshaense and P. verrucisporum. The conidiophores of P. austrosinicum and P. exsudans are monoverticillate like most members of the section, while the rest species are biverticillate similar to the only two species P. herquei and P. malachiteum previously reported in the section Sclerotiora. The phylogenetic positions of the new taxa are determined based on the sequence data of ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 regions, which reveals that all the species with biverticillate condiophores form a well-supported subclade in the section. The new Penicillium species clearly differ from the existing species of the genus in culture characteristics on four standard growth media, microscopic features, and sequence data. Morphological discrepancies are discussed between the new species and their allies.
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Nguyen TTT, Paul NC, Lee HB. Characterization of Paecilomyces variotii and Talaromyces amestolkiae in Korea Based on the Morphological Characteristics and Multigene Phylogenetic Analyses. MYCOBIOLOGY 2016; 44:248-259. [PMID: 28154482 PMCID: PMC5287157 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2016.44.4.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
During fungal diversity surveys of the order Eurotiales in Korea, two fungal strains, EML-DG33-1 and EML-NCP50, were isolated from samples of rat dung and fig tree leaf collected at a garden located in Gwangju in 2014. To complete the National Species List of Korea, it is a prerequisite to verify whether many questionable species, which were previously recorded but not confirmed, indeed present in Korea. Herein, the isolates were confirmed as undescribed species, Paecilomyces variotii and Talaromyces amestolkiae based on the combination of morphological and phylogenetic analyses of multigenes including the rDNA internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II subunit 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen
- Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Narayan Chandra Paul
- Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Hyang Burm Lee
- Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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