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Ossandon MR, Sorg BS, Phatak DS, Kalpakis K. Evaluation of Tumor Development Using Hemoglobin Saturation Profile on Rodent Dorsal Window Chamber. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2393:179-206. [PMID: 34837180 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor development can be indirectly evaluated using features of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as hemoglobin saturation (HbSat), blood vessel dilation, and formation of new vessels. High values of HbSat and other features of the TME could indicate high metabolic activity and could precede the formation of angiogenic tumors; therefore, changes in HbSat profile can be used as a biomarker for tumor progression. One methodology to evaluate HbSat profile over time, and correlate it with tumor development in vivo in a preclinical model, is through a dorsal skin-fold window chamber. In this chapter, we provide a detailed description of this methodology to evaluate hemoglobin saturation profile and to predict tumor development. We will cover the surgical preparation of the mouse, the installation/maintenance of the dorsal window chamber, and the imaging processing and evaluation to the HbSat profile to predict new development of new tumor areas over time. We included, in this chapter, step by step examples of the imaging processing method to obtain pixel level HbSat values from raw pixels data, the computational method to determine the HbSat profile, and the steps for the classification of the areas into tumor and no-tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dhananjay S Phatak
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Konstantinos Kalpakis
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Wadee AN, Aref MHF, Nassar AA, Aboughaleb IH, Fahmy SM. The influence of low- intensity laser irradiation versus hyperbaric oxygen therapy on transcutaneous oxygen tension in chronic diabetic foot ulcers: a controlled randomized trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1489-1497. [PMID: 34900800 PMCID: PMC8630261 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the stage and severity of the chronic diabetic foot ulcer (CDFU) is vital to increase the healing rate and to select the suitable treatment. We aim to assess the influence of low-intensity laser irradiation (LILI) and hyperbaric oxygenation therapy (HBOT) to accelerate the CDFU healing thru the transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2) measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five diabetic patients (type 2) of both genders, their ages ranged from 40-65 years with CDFUs (duration of ulcer < 6 weeks). All patients were randomly assigned into LILI, HBOT, and the control group. Measurement of TcPO2 using transcutaneous oximetry was performed for all patients once in the baseline and consequently in the second, fourth, and sixth- weeks duration. LILI utilized by a 33-diode cluster contact applicator with output power 1440 mW, energy density (fluency) was adjusted for 4 J/Cm2 at 10 kHz, and for 8 min per session, three times per week for a total of consecutive 6 weeks. HBOT was pressurized up to 2.5 ATA and patients delivered 100% oxygen for 60 min per session for 30 sessions. The Control group received conventional wound care only, twice daily, with saline and apply a new bandage after cleaning. RESULTS MANOVA revealed a statistically insignificant difference in the control group, while statistically significant improvement in both the LILI and HBOT groups. The intergroup comparisons showed an insignificant statistical difference in the pre-test, while highly statistically significant differences for the three post-measures in favor of HBOT and LILI groups. The percentage of improvement of the HBOT group was higher than LILI. Post-hoc test using the least significant difference (LSD) revealed statistically significant differences of HBOT in favor of the LILI group. CONCLUSION Both LILI and HBOT may be used as adjunctive methods to improve TcPO2 that accelerate healing in CDFUs. HBOT may be favorable in the improvement of TcPO2 than LILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir N. Wadee
- Department of Physical Therapy for Basic Science, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University and Modern University for Information and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ayman A. Nassar
- Biomedical Engineering Researcher, Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Siham M. Fahmy
- Head of HBOT and Foot Care Center at Kobri El Koba military Hospital, Cairo University and Modern University for Information and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
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Calin MA, Macovei A, Savastru R, Nica AS, Parasca SV. New evidence from hyperspectral imaging analysis on the effect of photobiomodulation therapy on normal skin oxygenation. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1539-1547. [PMID: 34436694 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03397-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the changes induced by photobiomodulation therapy in oxygenation of normal skin and underlying tissue using hyperspectral imaging combined with a chemometric regression approach. Eleven healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in this study. The dorsal side of the left hand of each subject was exposed to photobiomodulation therapy, while the correspondent side of the right hand was used as a control (placebo effect). Laser irradiation was performed with a laser diode system (635 nm, 15mW, 9 J/cm2) for 900 s. Changes in skin oxygenation were assessed before and after applying the photobiomodulation therapy and placebo using the hyperspectral imaging. Hyperspectral data analysis showed that variations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations had no statistical significance in both groups. In conclusion, photobiomodulation therapy does not induce changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations in the normal skin measured from hyperspectral images, at least at λ = 635 nm and 900-s exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Antonina Calin
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG5, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania.
| | - Adrian Macovei
- Gen. Dr. Aviator Victor Anastasiu National Institute of Aeronautical and Space Medicine, 88 Mircea Vulcanescu Street, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Savastru
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG5, 077125, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Adriana Sarah Nica
- Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Clinique III, 11th Ion Mihalache Street, Bucharest, Romania.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Viorel Parasca
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Bucharest, Romania.,Emergency Clinical Hospital for Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Burns, 218 Grivitei Street, Bucharest, Romania
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Odinokov D, Hamblin MR. Aging of lymphoid organs: Can photobiomodulation reverse age-associated thymic involution via stimulation of extrapineal melatonin synthesis and bone marrow stem cells? JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700282. [PMID: 29227581 PMCID: PMC5995606 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Thymic atrophy and the subsequent reduction in T-cell production are the most noticeable age-related changes affecting lymphoid organs in the immune system. In fact, thymic involution has been described as "programmed aging." New therapeutic approaches, such as photobiomodulation (PBM), may reduce or reverse these changes. PBM (also known as low-level laser therapy) involves the delivery of non-thermal levels of red or near-infrared light that are absorbed by mitochondrial chromophores, in order to prevent tissue death and stimulate healing and regeneration. PBM may reverse or prevent thymic involution due to its ability to induce extrapineal melatonin biosynthesis via cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or NF-kB activation, or alternatively by stimulating bone marrow stem cells that can regenerate the thymus. This perspective puts forward a hypothesis that PBM can alter thymic involution, improve immune functioning in aged people and even extend lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Odinokov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Khalifeh S, Rezaee E, Azizi A, Ebrahimi H. Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Versus Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.3.3.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Vasconcellos PKFM, Nóia MP, De Castro ICV, dos Santos JN, Pinheiro ALB, Marques AMC, Ramos EAG, Rocha CG. Influence of laser therapy on the dynamic formation of extracellular matrix in standard second degree burns treated with bacterial cellulose membrane. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 182:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cell viability, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and necrosis in myoblast cultures exposed to low-level infrared laser. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:841-8. [PMID: 26886589 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-level infrared laser is considered safe and effective for treatment of muscle injuries. However, the mechanism involved on beneficial effects of laser therapy are not understood. The aim was to evaluate cell viability, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and necrosis in myoblast cultures exposed to low-level infrared laser at therapeutic fluences. C2C12 myoblast cultures at different (2 and 10 %) fetal bovine serum (FBS) concentrations were exposed to low-level infrared laser (808 nm, 100 mW) at different fluences (10, 35, and 70 J/cm(2)) and evaluated after 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was evaluated by WST-1 assay; reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and necrosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell viability was decreased atthe lowest FBS concentration. Laser exposure increased the cell viability in myoblast cultures at 2 % FBS after 48 and 72 h, but no significant increase in ROS was observed. Apoptosis was decreased at the higher fluence and necrosis was increased at lower fluence in myoblast cultures after 24 h of laser exposure at 2 % FBS. No laser-induced alterations were obtained at 10 % FBS. Results show that level of reactive oxygen species is not altered, at least to those evaluated in this study, but low-level infrared laser exposure affects cell viability, apoptosis, and necrosis in myoblast cultures depending on laser fluence and physiologic conditions of cells.
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Yesman SS, Mamilov SO, Veligotsky DV, Gisbrecht AI. Local changes in arterial oxygen saturation induced by visible and near-infrared light radiation. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 31:145-9. [PMID: 26637304 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the efficiency of laser radiation on oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) rate in blood vessels and its wavelength dependence. The results of in vivo experimental measurements of the laser-induced photodissociation of HbO2 in cutaneous blood vessels in the visible and near-infrared (IR) spectral range are presented. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured by a method of fingertip pulse oximetry, which is based on the measurement of the modulated pulse wave of the blood. The light irradiating the finger was provided by corresponding light-emitting diodes (LED) at 15 wavelengths in the 400-940 nm spectrum range. Statistical results with a value of p < 0.05 were viewed as being significant for all volunteers. The results show that there is a decrease in SpO2 in the blood under the influence of the transcutaneous laser irradiation. Three maxima in the spectral range (530, 600, and 850 nm) are revealed, wherein decrease in the relative concentration of SpO2 reaches 5 % ± 0.5 %. Near-IR radiation plays a dominant role in absorption of laser radiation by oxyhemoglobin in deeper layers of tissue blood vessels. The obtained data correlate with the processes of light propagation in biological tissue. The observed reduction in SpO2 indicates the process of photodissociation of HbO2 in vivo and may result in local increase in O2 in the tissue. Such laser-induced enrichment of tissue oxygenation can be used in phototherapy of pathologies, where the elimination of local tissue hypoxia is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Yesman
- Institute of Applied Problems of Physics and Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - S O Mamilov
- Institute of Applied Problems of Physics and Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - D V Veligotsky
- Institute of Applied Problems of Physics and Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - A I Gisbrecht
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. OBJECTIVES To measure Achilles tendon microcirculation (total hemoglobin [THb] and oxygen saturation [StO2]) before and after the application of a physical agent in asymptomatic participants, and to compare differences between application location and physical agent dosage. BACKGROUND Tendon microcirculation can be altered by superficial heating or cryotherapy. METHODS Fifty-one healthy adults (median age, 22 years; range, 20-34 years) were recruited and randomly assigned into 1 of 4 groups. Participants in each group received an intervention consisting of 1 of the following 4 physical agents: ultrasound (n = 12), interferential current (n = 14), low-level laser (n = 11), or vibration massage (n = 14). In each group, the selected intervention was applied at 2 different doses (ultrasound, 0.8 or 1.2 W/cm(2); laser, 5.4 or 18 J) or target locations (vibration and electrostimulation, calf muscle or Achilles tendon). For each participant, each dose or target location was randomly applied to 1 randomly selected lower leg (each leg receiving only 1 of the 2 options). RESULTS The StO2 values significantly increased after ultrasound at both doses (P<.008), and the THb value significantly increased for the higher dose only (P<.008). Both THb and StO2 values also significantly increased in response to vibration massage targeting the Achilles tendon (P<.008), and these values were greater than those resulting from the vibration massage applied to the calf muscle (P = .003 and .002, respectively). No significant THb and StO2 differences were found after the application of interferential current or low-level laser. CONCLUSION Tendon microcirculation increases after ultrasound and vibration massage intervention concentrated on the Achilles tendon. These modalities may be considered for the purpose of temporarily increasing microcirculation in the tendon.
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