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Guo K, Lu J, Wu Y, Hu X, Yang H. The Latest Research Progress on Bionic Artificial Hands: A Systematic Review. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:891. [PMID: 39064402 PMCID: PMC11278702 DOI: 10.3390/mi15070891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Bionic prosthetic hands hold the potential to replicate the functionality of human hands. The use of bionic limbs can assist amputees in performing everyday activities. This article systematically reviews the research progress on bionic prostheses, with a focus on control mechanisms, sensory feedback integration, and mechanical design innovations. It emphasizes the use of bioelectrical signals, such as electromyography (EMG), for prosthetic control and discusses the application of machine learning algorithms to enhance the accuracy of gesture recognition. Additionally, the paper explores advancements in sensory feedback technologies, including tactile, visual, and auditory modalities, which enhance user interaction by providing essential environmental feedback. The mechanical design of prosthetic hands is also examined, with particular attention to achieving a balance between dexterity, weight, and durability. Our contribution consists of compiling current research trends and identifying key areas for future development, including the enhancement of control system integration and improving the aesthetic and functional resemblance of prostheses to natural limbs. This work aims to inform and inspire ongoing research that seeks to refine the utility and accessibility of prosthetic hands for amputees, emphasizing user-centric innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jingxin Lu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yuwen Wu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xuhui Hu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
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Shimizu Y, Mori T, Yoshikawa K, Katane D, Torishima H, Hara Y, Yozu A, Yamazaki M, Hada Y, Mutsuzaki H. Developing a Novel Prosthetic Hand with Wireless Wearable Sensor Technology Based on User Perspectives: A Pilot Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2765. [PMID: 38732871 PMCID: PMC11086240 DOI: 10.3390/s24092765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Myoelectric hands are beneficial tools in the daily activities of people with upper-limb deficiencies. Because traditional myoelectric hands rely on detecting muscle activity in residual limbs, they are not suitable for individuals with short stumps or paralyzed limbs. Therefore, we developed a novel electric prosthetic hand that functions without myoelectricity, utilizing wearable wireless sensor technology for control. As a preliminary evaluation, our prototype hand with wireless button sensors was compared with a conventional myoelectric hand (Ottobock). Ten healthy therapists were enrolled in this study. The hands were fixed to their forearms, myoelectric hand muscle activity sensors were attached to the wrist extensor and flexor muscles, and wireless button sensors for the prostheses were attached to each user's trunk. Clinical evaluations were performed using the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function and the Action Research Arm Test. The fatigue degree was evaluated using the modified Borg scale before and after the tests. While no statistically significant differences were observed between the two hands across the tests, the change in the Borg scale was notably smaller for our prosthetic hand (p = 0.045). Compared with the Ottobock hand, the proposed hand prosthesis has potential for widespread applications in people with upper-limb deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiyo Shimizu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan
| | - Takahiko Mori
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shonan Institute of Technology, Fujisawa 251-8511, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan
| | - Daisuke Katane
- Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Torishima
- Saitama Prosthetics and Orthotics Manufacturing Service Co., Ltd., Saitama 337-0051, Japan
| | - Yuki Hara
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira 187-8551, Japan
| | - Arito Yozu
- Department of Precision Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hada
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Mutsuzaki
- Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami 300-0331, Japan
- Center for Medical Science, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami 300-0331, Japan
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Kim YH, Choi YR, Joo DJ, Baek WY, Suh YC, Oh WT, Cho JY, Lee SC, Kim SK, Ryu HJ, Jeon KO, Lee WJ, Hong JW. Reaching New Heights: A Comprehensive Study of Hand Transplantations in Korea after Institutionalization of Hand Transplantation Law. Yonsei Med J 2024; 65:108-119. [PMID: 38288651 PMCID: PMC10827641 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE With the revision of the Organ and Transplantation Act in 2018, the hand has become legal as an area of transplantable organs in Korea. In January 2021, the first hand allotransplantation since legalization was successfully performed, and we have performed a total of three successful hand transplantation since then. By comparing and incorporating our experiences, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive reconstructive solution for hand amputation in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Recipients were selected through a structured preoperative evaluation, and hand transplantations were performed at the distal forearm level. Postoperatively, patients were treated with three-drug immunosuppressive regimen, and functional outcomes were monitored. RESULTS The hand transplantations were performed without intraoperative complications. All patients had partial skin necrosis and underwent additional surgical procedures in 2 months after transplantation. After additional operations, no further severe complications were observed. Also, patients developed acute rejection within 3 months of surgery, but all resolved within 2 weeks after steroid pulse therapy. Motor and sensory function improved dramatically, and patients were very satisfied with the appearance and function of their transplanted hands. CONCLUSION Hand transplantation is a viable reconstructive option, and patients have shown positive functional and psychological outcomes. Although this study has limitations, such as the small number of patients and short follow-up period, we should focus on continued recovery of hand function, and be careful not to develop side effects from immunosuppressive drugs. Through the present study, we will continue to strive for a bright future regarding hand transplantation in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Han Kim
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Rak Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Organ Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Joo
- Organ Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Yeol Baek
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chul Suh
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Taek Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyang Joo Ryu
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ock Jeon
- Organ Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jai Lee
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Hong
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Organ Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Noel OF, Dumbrava MG, Daoud D, Kammien AJ, Kauke-Navarro M, Pomahac B, Colen D. Vascularized Composite Allograft Versus Prosthetic for Reconstruction After Facial and Hand Trauma: Comparing Cost, Complications, and Long-term Outcome. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 92:100-105. [PMID: 37962243 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the past decade, vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has become clinical reality for reconstruction after face and hand trauma. It offers patients the unique opportunity to regain form and function in a way that had only been achieved with traditional reconstruction or with the use of prostheses. On the other hand, prostheses for facial and hand reconstruction have continued to evolve over the years and, in many cases, represent the primary option for patients after hand and face trauma. We compared the cost, associated complications, and long-term outcomes of VCA with prostheses for reconstruction of the face and hand/upper extremity. Ultimately, VCA and prostheses represent 2 different reconstructive options with distinct benefit profiles and associated limitations and should ideally not be perceived as competing choices. Our work adds a valuable component to the general framework guiding the decision to offer VCA or prostheses for reconstruction after face and upper extremity trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier F Noel
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Deborah Daoud
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Alexander J Kammien
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Martin Kauke-Navarro
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bohdan Pomahac
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - David Colen
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Castro MCF, Pinheiro WC, Rigolin G. A Hybrid 3D Printed Hand Prosthesis Prototype Based on sEMG and a Fully Embedded Computer Vision System. Front Neurorobot 2022; 15:751282. [PMID: 35140597 PMCID: PMC8818886 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2021.751282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents a new approach for an sEMG hand prosthesis based on a 3D printed model with a fully embedded computer vision (CV) system in a hybrid version. A modified 5-layer Smaller Visual Geometry Group (VGG) convolutional neural network (CNN), running on a Raspberry Pi 3 microcomputer connected to a webcam, recognizes the shape of daily use objects, and defines the pattern of the prosthetic grasp/gesture among five classes: Palmar Neutral, Palmar Pronated, Tripod Pinch, Key Grasp, and Index Finger Extension. Using the Myoware board and a finite state machine, the user's intention, depicted by a myoelectric signal, starts the process, photographing the object, proceeding to the grasp/gesture classification, and commands the prosthetic motors to execute the movements. Keras software was used as an application programming interface and TensorFlow as numerical computing software. The proposed system obtained 99% accuracy, 97% sensitivity, and 99% specificity, showing that the CV system is a promising technology to assist the definition of the grasp pattern in prosthetic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wellington C. Pinheiro
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Centro Universitário FEI, São Bernardo do Cambo, Brazil
| | - Glauco Rigolin
- Electrical Engineering Department, Centro Universitário FEI, São Bernardo do Cambo, Brazil
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Abstract
Myoelectric signals can be used to control prostheses or exoskeletons as well as robots, i.e., devices assisting the user or replacing a missing part of the body. A typical application of myoelectric prostheses is the human hand. Here, the development of a low-cost myoelectric thumb is described, which can either be used as an additional finger or as prosthesis. Combining 3D printing with inexpensive sensors, electrodes, and electronics, the recent project offers the possibility to produce an individualized myoelectric thumb at significantly lower costs than commercial myoelectric prostheses. Alternatively, a second thumb may be supportive for people with special manual tasks. These possibilities are discussed together with disadvantages of a second thumb and drawbacks of the low-cost solution in terms of mechanical properties and wearing comfort. The study shows that a low-cost customized myoelectric thumb can be produced in this way, but further research on controlling the thumb as well as improving motorization are necessarily to make it fully usable for daily tasks.
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Kaur M, Kim TH, Kim WS. New Frontiers in 3D Structural Sensing Robots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002534. [PMID: 33458908 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced robotics is the result of various contributions from complex fields of science and engineering and has tremendous value in human society. Sensing robots are highly desirable in practical settings such as healthcare and manufacturing sectors through sensing activities from human-robot interaction. However, there are still ongoing research and technical challenges in the development of ideal sensing robot systems. The sensing robot should synergically merge sensors and robotics. Geometrical difficulty in the sensor positioning caused by the structural complexity of sensing robots and their corresponding processing have been the main challenges in the production of sensing robots. 3D electronics integrated into 3D objects prepared by the 3D printing process can be the potential solution for designing realistic sensing robot systems. 3D printing provides the advantage to manufacture complex 3D structures in electronics in a single setup, allowing the ease of design flexibility, and customized functions. Therefore, the platform of 3D sensing systems is investigated and their expansion into sensing robots is studied further. The progress toward sensing robots from 3D electronics integrated into 3D objects and the advanced material strategies, used to overcome the challenges, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, School of Mechatronics System Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Tae-Ho Kim
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, School of Mechatronics System Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Woo Soo Kim
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, School of Mechatronics System Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
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Abstract
Upper limb amputations, ranging from transhumeral to partial hand, can be devastating for patients, their families, and society. Modern paradigm shifts have focused on reconstructive options after upper extremity limb loss, rather than considering the amputation an ablative procedure. Surgical advancements such as targeted muscle reinnervation and regenerative peripheral nerve interface, in combination with technological development of modern prosthetics, have expanded options for patients after amputation. In the near future, advances such as osseointegration, implantable myoelectric sensors, and implantable nerve cuffs may become more widely used and may expand the options for prosthetic integration, myoelectric signal detection, and restoration of sensation. This review summarizes the current advancements in surgical techniques and prosthetics for upper limb amputees. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(3):430-439.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Geary
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Raymond Glenn Gaston
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.,Reconstructive Center for Lost Limbs, OrthoCarolina Hand Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bryan Loeffler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.,Reconstructive Center for Lost Limbs, OrthoCarolina Hand Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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Charbonnier B, Hadida M, Marchat D. Additive manufacturing pertaining to bone: Hopes, reality and future challenges for clinical applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:1-28. [PMID: 33271354 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For the past 20 years, the democratization of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has made many of us dream of: low cost, waste-free, and on-demand production of functional parts; fully customized tools; designs limited by imagination only, etc. As every patient is unique, the potential of AM for the medical field is thought to be considerable: AM would allow the division of dedicated patient-specific healthcare solutions entirely adapted to the patients' clinical needs. Pertinently, this review offers an extensive overview of bone-related clinical applications of AM and ongoing research trends, from 3D anatomical models for patient and student education to ephemeral structures supporting and promoting bone regeneration. Today, AM has undoubtably improved patient care and should facilitate many more improvements in the near future. However, despite extensive research, AM-based strategies for bone regeneration remain the only bone-related field without compelling clinical proof of concept to date. This may be due to a lack of understanding of the biological mechanisms guiding and promoting bone formation and due to the traditional top-down strategies devised to solve clinical issues. Indeed, the integrated holistic approach recommended for the design of regenerative systems (i.e., fixation systems and scaffolds) has remained at the conceptual state. Challenged by these issues, a slower but incremental research dynamic has occurred for the last few years, and recent progress suggests notable improvement in the years to come, with in view the development of safe, robust and standardized patient-specific clinical solutions for the regeneration of large bone defects.
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Brack R, Amalu EH. A review of technology, materials and R&D challenges of upper limb prosthesis for improved user suitability. J Orthop 2021; 23:88-96. [PMID: 33442223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hand amputation significantly challenges one's independence in carrying out daily activities. With the UK and Italy recoding circa 5200 and 3500 upper limb (UL) amputations (ULAs) yearly, respectively, and about 541,000 Americans losing ULs in 2005, incidence victims constitute a considerable proportion of our population and should be adequately supported. The use of upper limb prosthesis (ULP) offers amputees a new opportunity of living a quality life - but poses challenges on the physically and psychologically traumatised. With reports that up to 20% of adult UL amputees choose not to use a prosthesis, roughly 26% of adults and 45% of children and adolescents are dissatisfied with their devices and abandon them with reasons of poor solution to basic needs, a review of ULP for suitability has become crucial. Objectives These include, to review UL prosthetic technology (PT), the materials used in the manufacturing of ULP, challenges in research and development of ULP, and to advise on the suitability of different devices to the needs of amputees. Methods They involve an extensive review of relevant literature and application of statistics to analyse data obtained from literature. Results ULAs are characterised to show affected bones in seven types of amputations. The characterisation depicts key causes of incidences that lead to amputations while advising on device suitability. PT is classified in terms of cost, nature, functions/operations of each type of device while providing the design challenges. Users' opinions on PT materials are analysed and used to suggest new materials for the next generation of the devices. R&D challenges hindering future developments of PT is reviewed and results used to identify characteristics for the next generation of the technology. Conclusions To increase user satisfaction and reduce device abandonment, amputees need useful information on the trend in PT and engineers need information about device field performance for improvements. The use of better performing ULP will improve users' everyday lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbie Brack
- Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
| | - Emeka H Amalu
- Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
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