Multiprofessional care promotes of quality of life in pregnant women with preeclampsia: a cross-sectional study

Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnant Women With Gestational Hypertension: A Systematic Review

This review seeks to evaluate the levels of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among pregnant women experiencing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). It also aims to identify the specific aspects of HRQoL most impacted by PIH during pregnancy and determine the existence of effective interventions to enhance the HRQoL of these pregnant women. A systematic literature search was conducted in the following databases: PUBMED, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and EMBASE using the following keywords: Health-related quality of life; pregnancy; pregnancy-induced hypertension; quality of life; gestational hypertension. Among the 32 studies assessed, only eight met the criteria for inclusion, exhibiting a good quality based on assessment with both AXIS (Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies) and CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) checklists. The findings indicate a decline in HRQoL among pregnant women with gestational hypertension, notably affecting both physical and mental dimensions. Furthermore, some studies provided recommendations for interventions that healthcare professionals could employ to improve poor HRQoL levels. Limited research has focused on the HRQoL in pregnant women with PIH. Compared to their healthy counterparts, pregnant women experiencing PIH exhibit a decrease in their HRQoL. It's crucial for healthcare practitioners to proactively address the HRQoL of these pregnant women using effective strategies to mitigate this decline. This approach aims to safeguard both pregnant women and their fetuses from potential complications associated with lower HRQoL levels.

The Management of Preeclampsia: A Comprehensive Review of Current Practices and Future Directions

Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease in pregnancy that is characterized by new-onset hypertension end-organ dysfunction, often occurring after 20 weeks of gestation. Risk factors include a prior history of PE, diabetes, kidney disease, obesity, and high maternal age at pregnancy. Current treatment and management guidelines focus on the management of high blood pressure and any potential complications. The only known curative treatment is termination of pregnancy (either induction of delivery or cesarean section). However, the current guidelines and recommendations lack adequate prediction markers and are unable to prevent maternal and fetal mortality. There also exists a need for multidisciplinary collaborative action in view of the quality of life and psycho-educational counseling.

Cultural adaptation and validation of the Sidamic version of the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life-Bref Scale measuring the quality of life of women with severe preeclampsia in southern Ethiopia, 2020

Background

Women with severe preeclampsia often present with more health complaints compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancies. Estimating the quality of life of women affected with severe preeclampsia could provide direction for further interventions. However, the current measurement of the quality of life has not been culturally adapted and validated for this population. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and test the reliability and validity of the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life-Bref Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) in southern Ethiopia among women with severe preeclampsia.

Methods

An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in southern Ethiopia in selected hospitals with randomly recruited women with severe preeclampsia. Cultural adaptation and validation techniques were used to translate and adapt the WHOQOL-BREF scale. Face, content validity, forward and backward translations, and synthesis were computed using an expert panel. The scale was pretested and adjusted accordingly. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = ICC) were examined. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was computed to test the fit of the structure to the local setting before conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Multiple methods for determining the number of factors extracted (scree test, eigenvalues) were used. We compared the original English structure with the new structure in the study setting and extracted a new structure using EFA.

Results

The internal consistency reliabilities ranged from 0.8045 to 0.9123 indicating good-to-excellent reliability. The item‑level content validity ranged from 0.86 to 1.00; the scale‑level content validity index was 0.97. In CFA, the model fit indices were unacceptable (Comparative Fit Index (CFI = 0.87), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA = 0.23), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR = 0.38), Tucker Lewis Index (TLI = 0.85) and (PCLOSE = 0.00). Three new factor structures were extracted using EFA for current research with a total variance was 91%.

Conclusions

The failure of the original scale in this study population highlights the importance of culturally adapting tool to local settings. EFA confirmed a three-factor structure, inconsistent with the original English structure.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12955-021-01872-z.