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Zhang Y, Otomaru K, Oshima K, Goto Y, Oshima I, Muroya S, Sano M, Saneshima R, Nagao Y, Kinoshita A, Okamura Y, Roh S, Ohtsuka A, Gotoh T. Effects of low and high levels of maternal nutrition consumed for the entirety of gestation on the development of muscle, adipose tissue, bone, and the organs of Wagyu cattle fetuses. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13600. [PMID: 34327770 PMCID: PMC9285072 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of high and low levels of energy intake during the entire gestation period on the skeletal muscle development, organ development, and adipose tissue accumulation in fetuses of Wagyu (Japanese Black) cows, a breed with highly marbled beef. Cows were allocated to a high‐nutrition (n = 6) group (fed 120% of the nutritional requirement) or low‐nutrition (n = 6) group (fed 60% of the nutritional requirement). The cows were artificially inseminated with semen from the same sire, and the fetuses were removed by cesarean section at 260 ± 8.3 days of fetal age and slaughtered. The whole‐body, total muscle, adipose, and bone masses of the fetal half‐carcasses were significantly higher in the high‐nutrition group than the low‐nutrition group (p = 0.0018, 0.009, 0.0004, and 0.0362, respectively). Fifteen of 20 individual muscles, five of six fat depots, nine of 17 organs, and seven of 12 bones that were investigated had significantly higher masses in the high‐nutrition group than the low‐nutrition group. The crude components and amino acid composition of the longissimus muscle significantly differed between the low‐ and high‐nutrition groups. These data indicate that maternal nutrition during gestation has a marked effect on the muscle, bone, and adipose tissue development of Wagyu cattle fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Kyushu University, Taketa, Oita, Japan
| | - Kounosuke Otomaru
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazunaga Oshima
- Western Region Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Oda, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- Western Region Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Oda, Shimane, Japan
| | - Ichiro Oshima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Susumu Muroya
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsue Sano
- School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Rena Saneshima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nagao
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Aoi Kinoshita
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuko Okamura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sanggun Roh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtsuka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takafumi Gotoh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Kyushu University, Taketa, Oita, Japan
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Gotoh T. Potential of the application of epigenetics in animal production. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/an14467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our many current environmental challenges, including worldwide abnormal weather, global warming, and pollution, necessitate a new and innovative strategy for animal production for the next generation. This strategy should incorporate not only higher-efficiency production, but also advanced biological concepts and multi-functional agricultural techniques, into environmentally friendly systems. Recent research has discovered a unique phenomenon referred to as ‘foetal and neonatal programming’, which is based on ‘the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)’ concept. These studies have shown that alterations in foetal and early postnatal nutrition and endocrine status may result in developmental adaptations that permanently change the structure, physiology and metabolism of affected animals during adult life. Ruminants fill an important ecological niche that capitalises on the symbiotic relationship between fibre-fermenting ruminal microbes and the mammalian demand for usable nutrients. The timing of the perturbation in maternal nutrient availability plays an important role in determining the effect that the foetal and neonatal programming will have on the developing placenta or foetus and offspring performance. Developmental programming through nutritional manipulations may help the ruminant, as an effective grass–protein converter, fulfil its production potential.
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