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Izumi M, Fujii M, Kobayashi IS, Ho V, Kashima Y, Udagawa H, Costa DB, Kobayashi SS. Integrative single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics analyses reveal diverse apoptosis-related gene expression profiles in EGFR-mutated lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:580. [PMID: 39122703 PMCID: PMC11316060 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In EGFR-mutated lung cancer, the duration of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is limited by the development of acquired drug resistance. Despite the crucial role played by apoptosis-related genes in tumor cell survival, how their expression changes as resistance to EGFR-TKIs emerges remains unclear. Here, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of apoptosis-related genes, including BCL-2 and IAP family members, using single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST). scRNA-seq of EGFR-mutated lung cancer cell lines captures changes in apoptosis-related gene expression following EGFR-TKI treatment, most notably BCL2L1 upregulation. scRNA-seq of EGFR-mutated lung cancer patient samples also reveals high BCL2L1 expression, specifically in tumor cells, while MCL1 expression is lower in tumors compared to non-tumor cells. ST analysis of specimens from transgenic mice with EGFR-driven lung cancer indicates spatial heterogeneity of tumors and corroborates scRNA-seq findings. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of BCL2L1/BCL-XL overcome or delay EGFR-TKI resistance. Overall, our findings indicate that BCL2L1/BCL-XL expression is important for tumor cell survival as EGFR-TKI resistance emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Izumi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Masanori Fujii
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ikei S Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Vivian Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yukie Kashima
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hibiki Udagawa
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Daniel B Costa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Susumu S Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.
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Kumar A, BharathwajChetty B, Manickasamy MK, Unnikrishnan J, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Almubarak HA, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting YAP/TAZ axis in cancer: Current state of art and challenges. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107167. [PMID: 38599470 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has become a burgeoning global healthcare concern marked by its exponential growth and significant economic ramifications. Though advancements in the treatment modalities have increased the overall survival and quality of life, there are no definite treatments for the advanced stages of this malady. Hence, understanding the diseases etiologies and the underlying molecular complexities, will usher in the development of innovative therapeutics. Recently, YAP/TAZ transcriptional regulation has been of immense interest due to their role in development, tissue homeostasis and oncogenic transformations. YAP/TAZ axis functions as coactivators within the Hippo signaling cascade, exerting pivotal influence on processes such as proliferation, regeneration, development, and tissue renewal. In cancer, YAP is overexpressed in multiple tumor types and is associated with cancer stem cell attributes, chemoresistance, and metastasis. Activation of YAP/TAZ mirrors the cellular "social" behavior, encompassing factors such as cell adhesion and the mechanical signals transmitted to the cell from tissue structure and the surrounding extracellular matrix. Therefore, it presents a significant vulnerability in the clogs of tumors that could provide a wide window of therapeutic effectiveness. Natural compounds have been utilized extensively as successful interventions in the management of diverse chronic illnesses, including cancer. Owing to their capacity to influence multiple genes and pathways, natural compounds exhibit significant potential either as adjuvant therapy or in combination with conventional treatment options. In this review, we delineate the signaling nexus of YAP/TAZ axis, and present natural compounds as an alternate strategy to target cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Manickasamy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Jyothsna Unnikrishnan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Ali Almubarak
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117699, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Xu X, Liu Y, Gong Q, Ma L, Wei W, Zhao L, Luo Z. PARP1 promotes EGFR-TKI drug-resistance via PI3K/AKT pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00280-024-04668-2. [PMID: 38609654 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance is the main type of drug resistance in lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this work was to investigate the mechanism by which PARP1 regulates EGFR-TKI resistance to identify potential targets for combating drug resistance. METHODS The GEO databases, TCGA databases, western blot and qPCR studies were used to investigate the expression of PARP1 in lung cancer cells and tissues and its correlation with the prognosis of lung cancer. The expression of PARP1 in lung cancer TKI resistant cell PC9-ER and TKI sensitive cell PC9 was analyzed by qPCR and western blot. After knocking down of PARP1, CCK-8 assays, colony formation, flow cytometry were used to investigate its impact on erlotinib sensitivity, cell survival, cell cycle, and apoptosis. RNA-seq was used to investigate the mechanism by which PARP1 participates in EGFR-TKI resistance, and the results were validated in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS PARP1 was highly expressed in both lung cancer tissues and cells. Subsequently, increased PARP1 expression was observed in PC9-ER compared with its parental cell line. Knockdown of PARP1 increased erlotinib sensitivity, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell growth. RNA-seq and previous studies have shown that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/P70S6K pathway is involved in PARP1-mediated TKI resistance, and these results were confirmed by Western blot in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION PARP1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for reversing EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/P70S6K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qiang Gong
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Linqiong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Zhibin Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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Wang Y, Zhou Q, Liu C, Zhang R, Xing B, Du J, Dong L, Zheng J, Chen Z, Sun M, Yao X, Ren Y, Zhou X. Targeting IL-6/STAT3 signaling abrogates EGFR-TKI resistance through inhibiting Beclin-1 dependent autophagy in HNSCC. Cancer Lett 2024; 586:216612. [PMID: 38211653 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is featured by notorious EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance attributable to activation of parallel pathways. The numerous phase I/II trials have rarely shown encouraging clinical outcomes of EGFR-TKIs during treatment in HNSCC patients with advanced tumors. A unique IL-6/STAT3 signaling axis is reported to regulate multiple cancer-related pathways, but whether this signaling is correlated with reduced EGFR-TKI responsiveness is unclear. Here, we found that STAT3 signaling is compensatorily upregulated after EGFR-TKI exposure and confers anti-EGFR therapy resistance during HNSCC therapy. Targeting STAT3 using small molecule inhibitors promotes complete recovery or sustained elimination of HNSCC tumors through combination with EGFR-TKIs both in vitro and in diverse animal models. Mechanistically, phosphorylated STAT3 was proven to enhance oncogenic autophagic flux, protecting cancer cells and preventing EGFR-TKI-induced tumor apoptosis. Thus, blockade of STAT3 signaling simultaneously disrupts several key interactions during tumor progression and remodels the autophagic degradation system, thereby rendering advanced HNSCC eradicable through combination with EGFR-TKI therapy. These findings provide a clinically actionable strategy and suggest STAT3 as a predictive biomarker with therapeutic potential for EGFR-TKI resistant HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Bofan Xing
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jianwei Zheng
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Yu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin' s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Cai L, Wang Y, Chen H, Tan Y, Yang T, Zhang S, Guo Z, Wang X. Platinum(IV) Complexes as Inhibitors of STAT3 and Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment To Control Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11351-11364. [PMID: 37578941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Interplay between breast cancer (BC) cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences the outcome of cancer treatment. Aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) promotes the interaction and causes immunosuppression and drug resistance. Platinum(IV) complexes SPP and DPP bearing pterostilbene-derived axial ligand(s) were synthesized to inhibit the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in BC cells and regulate the TME. These complexes exerted remarkable antiproliferative activity against the triple-negative BC cells, suppressed the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT3-related cyclooxygenase-2 and IL-6, and activated caspase-3 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase, preventing the repair of DNA lesions and inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, DPP promoted the maturation and antigen presentation of dendritic cells, repressed the proliferation and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, and facilitated the expansion of T cells. As a consequence, DPP showed excellent anticancer activity against BC with almost no general toxicity in vivo as a potential chemoimmunotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hanhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yehong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Li G, Li J, Wang W, Feng X, Yu X, Yuan S, Zhang W, Chen J, Hu C. Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Vivo Investigations of Pterostilbene-Tethered Analogues as Anti-Breast Cancer Candidates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11468. [PMID: 37511230 PMCID: PMC10380385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene has been found to be an active scaffold with anti-breast cancer (BC) action. In this study, fourteen pterostilbene-tethered analogues (2A-2N) were prepared and screened in vitro against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Meanwhile, their structures were characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS (ESI) spectroscopy techniques. Among them, analogue 2L displayed the most potent anti-proliferation effect on MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 10.39 μM) and MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 11.73 μM). Furthermore, the meaningful structure-activity relationships suggested that the introduction of a saturated six-membered nitrogen heterocyclic ring into the side chain favored anti-BC capacity. Biological observations indicated that 2L could cause the typical morphological changes in apoptosis, namely an increase in reactive oxygen species level and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in BC cells. Importantly, 2L could induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by regulating the expression of caspase-related proteins. Consistent with the results of our in vitro study, 2L apparently inhibited tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice without obvious toxicity. These findings revealed that 2L is expected to be a promising anti-BC lead compound that merits further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiaoqing Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xingkang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jialing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Caijuan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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7
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Li W, Xu X. Advances in mitophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway-related drugs in glioblastoma treatment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1211719. [PMID: 37456742 PMCID: PMC10347406 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1211719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). It is a leading cause of death among patients with intracranial malignant tumors. GBM exhibits intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity, leading to drug resistance and eventual tumor recurrence. Conventional treatments for GBM include maximum surgical resection of glioma tissue, temozolomide administration, and radiotherapy, but these methods do not effectively halt cancer progression. Therefore, development of novel methods for the treatment of GBM and identification of new therapeutic targets are urgently required. In recent years, studies have shown that drugs related to mitophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways can promote the death of glioblastoma cells by inducing mitochondrial damage, impairing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and depleting large amounts of ATP. Some studies have also shown that modern nano-drug delivery technology targeting mitochondria can achieve better drug release and deeper tissue penetration, suggesting that mitochondria could be a new target for intervention and therapy. The combination of drugs targeting mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy pathways with nanotechnology is a promising novel approach for treating GBM.This article reviews the current status of drug therapy for GBM, drugs targeting mitophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, the potential of mitochondria as a new target for GBM treatment, the latest developments pertaining to GBM treatment, and promising directions for future research.
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EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Induced Activation of the Autocrine CXCL10/CXCR3 Pathway through Crosstalk between the Tumor and the Microenvironment in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010124. [PMID: 36612121 PMCID: PMC9817815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL10 is a cytokine that is elevated during EGFR-TKI treatment in the tumor microenvironment of lung cancer. Here, we report an original study that the impact of the CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway on EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer through a cytokine array analysis during in vitro coculture with tumor cells and activated PBMCs treated with EGFR-TKI, as well as the serial analysis of CXCL10 in EGFR-mutant lung cancer transgenic mice during EGFR-TKI treatment. In EGFR-mutant tumor cells cocultured with activated PBMCs, EGFR-TKI treatment increased CXCL10 in the supernatant; this activated CXCR3 in the tumor cells to induce the phosphorylation of Src and the NF-κB subunit, p65, and the expression of HIF-1α. CXCL10 siRNA treatment of EGFR-mutant tumor cells also decreased CXCL10 in the supernatant from coculturing with activated PBMCs, suggesting that the effects of CXCL10 occur via autocrine and paracrine pathways. Importantly, elevated CXCL10/CXCR3 signaling was recapitulated in a transgenic lung cancer mouse model. Our results show that increased CXCL10 levels during early EGFR-TKI treatment stimulate oncogenic signaling of persistent tumor cells to contribute to EGFR-TKI resistance via autocrine and paracrine pathways.
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Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of STAT3 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122787. [PMID: 36559280 PMCID: PMC9781630 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a common malignancy worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an important transcription factor that not only regulates different hallmarks of cancer, such as tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, and metastasis but also regulates the occurrence and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Abnormal STAT3 activity has been found in a variety of cancers, including lung cancer, and its phosphorylation level is associated with a poor prognosis of lung cancer. Therefore, the STAT3 pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer. To date, various types of STAT3 inhibitors, including natural compounds, small molecules, and gene-based therapies, have been developed through direct and indirect strategies, although most of them are still in the preclinical or early clinical stages. One of the main obstacles to the development of STAT3 inhibitors is the lack of an effective targeted delivery system to improve their bioavailability and tumor targetability, failing to fully demonstrate their anti-tumor effects. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in STAT3 targeting strategies, as well as the applications of nanoparticle-mediated targeted delivery of STAT3 inhibitors in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Murakami Y, Kusakabe D, Watari K, Kawahara A, Azuma K, Akiba J, Taniguchi M, Kuwano M, Ono M. AXL/CDCP1/SRC axis confers acquired resistance to osimertinib in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8983. [PMID: 35643725 PMCID: PMC9148303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, has nowadays been applied to non-small cell lung cancer harboring activated EGFR mutation with or without T790M, but ultimately develop resistance to this drug. Here we report a novel mechanism of acquired resistance to osimertinib and the reversal of which could improve the clinical outcomes. In osimertinib-resistant lung cancer cell lines harboring T790M mutation that we established, expression of multiple EGFR family proteins and MET was markedly reduced, whereas expression of AXL, CDCP1 and SRC was augmented along with activation of AKT. Surprisingly, AXL or CDCP1 expression was induced by osimertinib in a time-dependent manner up to 3 months. Silencing of CDCP1 or AXL restored the sensitivity to osimertinib with reduced activation of SRC and AKT. Furthermore, silencing of both CDCP1 and AXL increased the sensitivity to osimertinib. Either silencing of SRC or dasatinib, a SRC family kinase (SFK) inhibitor, suppressed AKT phosphorylation and cell growth. Increased expression of AXL and CDCP1 was observed in refractory tumor samples from patients with lung cancer treated with osimertinib. Together, this study suggests that AXL/SFK/AKT and CDCP1/SFK/AKT signaling pathways play some roles in acquired osimertinib resistance of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Murakami
- Cancer Translational Research Center, St. Mary's Institute of Health Sciences, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiki Kusakabe
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Watari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Akihiko Kawahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Azuma
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Michihiko Kuwano
- Cancer Translational Research Center, St. Mary's Institute of Health Sciences, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ono
- Cancer Translational Research Center, St. Mary's Institute of Health Sciences, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Oncology, Graduate School of Nursing, St. Mary's College, 422 Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-8558, Japan.
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11
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CDCP1: A promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancer. Life Sci 2022; 301:120600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Malla RR, Padmaraju V, Marni R, Kamal MA. Natural products: Potential targets of TME related long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE 2021; 93:153782. [PMID: 34627097 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a significant health concern worldwide due to high mortality and morbidity, despite the advances in diagnosis, treatment, and management. Recent experimental evidence from different models suggested long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as major modulators of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to support metastasis and drug resistance in lung cancer. Evidence-based studies demonstrated that natural products interfere with TME functions. PURPOSE OF STUDY To establish lncRNAs of TME as novel targets of natural compounds for lung cancer management. STUDY DESIGN Current study used a combination of TME and lung CSCs, lncRNAs and enrichment and stemness maintenance, natural products and stem cell management, natural products and lncRNAs, natural products and targeted delivery as keywords to retrieve the literature from Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. This study critically reviewed the current literature and presented cancer stem cells' ability in reprogramming lung TME. RESULTS This review found that TME related oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs and their signaling pathways control the maintenance of stemness in lung TME. This review explored natural phenolic compounds and found that curcumin, genistein, quercetin epigallocatechin gallate and ginsenoside Rh2 are efficient in managing lung CSCs. They modulate lncRNAs and their upstream mediators by targeting signaling and epigenetic pathways. This review also identified relevant nanotechnology-based phytochemical delivery approaches for targeting lung cancer. CONCLUSION By critical literature analysis, TME related lncRNAs were identified as potential therapeutic targets, aiming to develop natural product-based therapeutics to treat metastatic and drug-resistant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India.
| | - Vasudevaraju Padmaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Rakshmitha Marni
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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13
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Zou Y, Wang X, Bi D, Fu J, Han J, Guo Y, Feng L, Han M. Pterostilbene nanoparticles with small particle size show excellent anti-breast cancer activity in vitroand in vivo. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:325102. [PMID: 33946061 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abfdec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTE) is known as resveratrol of the next generation and it has attracted extensive attention in recent years. PTE can inhibit the growth of a variety of tumor cells. To overcome the problem of insolubility, PTE was loaded into nanoparticles (NPs) by anti-solvent precipitation technique using soybean lecithin (SPC) and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as stabilizers. The obtained PTE-NPs had an average particle size of 71.0 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.258, and a high zeta potential of -40.8 mV. PTE-NPs can maintain particle size stability in various physiological media. The entrapment efficiency of PTE-NPs was 98.24%. And the apparently water solubility of PTE-NPs was about 53 times higher than the solubility of PTE (54.41μg ml-1v-1s-1. 2.89 mg ml-1). M-1T-1T-1assay showed that the antitumor activity of PTE-NPs on 4T1 breast cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Hela cervical cancer cells was significantly increased by 4, 6 and 8 times than that of free PTE, respectively.In vivostudies have shown that PTE-NPs has a certain dose dependence. When injected intraperitoneally, PTE-NPs showed a similar therapeutic effect as paclitaxel injection (TIR was 57.53% versus 57.23%) against 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. This should be due to the improved bioavailability of the drug caused by nano-drug delivery system (nano-DDS). These results indicate that PTE-NPs may be a clinically promising anti-tumor drug for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangtao Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Bi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxin Fu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihua Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
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14
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Pterostilbene in Cancer Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030492. [PMID: 33801098 PMCID: PMC8004113 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are organic chemicals which contain phenol units in their structures and possess antitumor properties. However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions. Pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxystilbene; PT) is a phytoalexin originally isolated from the heartwood of red sandalwood. As recently reported by our group, PT was shown to be effective in the treatment of melanoma. Counterintuitively, PT is not effective (cytotoxic) against melanoma in vitro, and only under in vivo conditions does PT display its anticancer activity. This study elucidated that PT can be effective against melanoma through the inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone production in the brain of a mouse, which weakens the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defenses of melanoma and also pancreatic cancers. This results in both the inhibition of tumor growth and sensitization of the tumor to oxidative stress. Moreover, PT can promote cancer cell death via a mechanism involving lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Different grades of susceptibility were observed among the different cancer cells depending on their lysosomal heat shock protein 70 content, a known stabilizer of lysosomal membranes. In addition, the safety of PT administered i.v. has been evaluated in mice. PT was found to be pharmacologically safe because it showed no organ-specific or systemic toxicity (including tissue histopathologic examination and regular hematology and clinical chemistry data) even when administered i.v. at a high dose (30 mg/kg per day × 23 days). Moreover, new pharmacological advances are being developed to increase its bioavailability and, thereby, its bioefficacy. Therefore, although applications of PT in cancer therapy are just beginning to be explored, it represents a potential (and effective) adjuvant/sensitizing therapy which may improve the results of various oncotherapies. The aim of this review is to present and discuss the results that in our opinion best support the usefulness of PT in cancer therapy, making special emphasis on the in vivo evidence.
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15
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Bracht JWP, Gimenez-Capitan A, Huang CY, Potie N, Pedraz-Valdunciel C, Warren S, Rosell R, Molina-Vila MA. Analysis of extracellular vesicle mRNA derived from plasma using the nCounter platform. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3712. [PMID: 33580122 PMCID: PMC7881020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are double-layered phospholipid membrane vesicles that are released by most cells and can mediate intercellular communication through their RNA cargo. In this study, we tested if the NanoString nCounter platform can be used for the analysis of EV-mRNA. We developed and optimized a methodology for EV enrichment, EV-RNA extraction and nCounter analysis. Then, we demonstrated the validity of our workflow by analyzing EV-RNA profiles from the plasma of 19 cancer patients and 10 controls and developing a gene signature to differentiate cancer versus control samples. TRI reagent outperformed automated RNA extraction and, although lower plasma input is feasible, 500 μL provided highest total counts and number of transcripts detected. A 10-cycle pre-amplification followed by DNase treatment yielded reproducible mRNA target detection. However, appropriate probe design to prevent genomic DNA binding is preferred. A gene signature, created using a bioinformatic algorithm, was able to distinguish between control and cancer EV-mRNA profiles with an area under the ROC curve of 0.99. Hence, the nCounter platform can be used to detect mRNA targets and develop gene signatures from plasma-derived EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian W P Bracht
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Oncology, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Sabino Arana 5-19, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain.
| | - Ana Gimenez-Capitan
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Oncology, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Sabino Arana 5-19, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nicolas Potie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica, PTS, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Pedraz-Valdunciel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Rosell
- Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Molina-Vila
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Oncology, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Sabino Arana 5-19, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Anti-Stem Cell Property of Pterostilbene in Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249347. [PMID: 33302440 PMCID: PMC7762551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTE) is a natural sterbenoid contained in blueberries that has an antioxidant effect. In contrast, PTE also generates oxidative stress in cancer cells and provides an antitumor effect. Here, we examined the potential mechanism of this contrasting effect of PTE using three gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, namely CT26, HT29, and MKN74. PTE showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, sphere-forming ability, and stem cell marker expression in all three cell lines. Furthermore, the cells treated with PTE showed an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid peroxide. Upon concurrent treatment with vitamin E, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and PTE, the PTE-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and growth inhibition were suppressed. These findings indicate that PTE induces oxidative stress in cancer cells, suppresses stemness, and inhibits proliferation. These antitumor effects of PTE are considered to be useful in cancer treatment.
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17
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Wang X, Shi B, Zhao Y, Lu Q, Fei X, Lu C, Li C, Chen H. HKDC1 promotes the tumorigenesis and glycolysis in lung adenocarcinoma via regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:450. [PMID: 32943998 PMCID: PMC7488676 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hexokinase domain component 1 (HKDC1) plays an oncogenic role in certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma, liver cancer, and breast cancer. Previous bioinformatics study revealed that HKDC1 was significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, its biological functions and potential mechanism in LUAD have not been studied. Methods We performed bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and a series of functional assays in vitro and in vivo to investigate the roles of HKDC1 in LUAD. Results We discovered that HKDC1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues and cell lines, and the positive expression of HKDC1 was correlated with aberrant clinicopathological characteristics in LUAD patients. Furthermore, HKDC1 could serve as a prognostic predictor for LUAD patients. Overexpression of HKDC1 promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, glycolysis, EMT and tumorigenicity, whereas knockdown of HKDC1 produced the opposite functional effects. Mechanistically, HKDC1 could regulate the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to perform its biological function. Conclusions Our findings suggest that HKDC1 plays an oncogenic role in LUAD. Targeting this gene may provide a promising therapeutic target to delay LUAD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Bowen Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Qijue Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Chaojing Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Chunguang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Hezhong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
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18
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Sun C, Gao W, Liu J, Cheng H, Hao J. FGL1 regulates acquired resistance to Gefitinib by inhibiting apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Res 2020; 21:210. [PMID: 32778129 PMCID: PMC7418324 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the role of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) in regulating gefitinib resistance of PC9/GR non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The effect of different concentrations of gefitinib on cell proliferation were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. FGL1 expression in the normal human bronchial epithelial cell line Beas-2B, as well as four lung tumor cell lines, H1975, A549, PC9, and PC9/GR, was investigated by using western blotting and qRT-PCR. FGL1 was knocked down using small interfering RNA to evaluate the effects of FGL1 on PC9 and PC9/GR. The correlation between FGL1 expression and gefitinib resistance was determined in vitro via CCK-8 and colony formation assays, and flow cytometry and in vivo via flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Results FGL1 expression was significantly upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer cells with EGFR mutation and higher in the gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line PC9/GR than in the gefitinib-sensitive NSCLC cell line PC9. Further, FGL1 expression in PC9 and PC9/GR cells increased in response to gefitinib treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of FGL1 suppressed cell viability, reduced the gefitinib IC50 value, and enhanced apoptosis in PC9 and PC9/GR cells upon gefitinib treatment. Mouse xenograft experiments showed that FGL1 knockdown in PC9/GR tumor cells enhanced the inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing actions of gefitinib. The potential mechanism of gefitinib in inducing apoptosis of PC9/GR cells involves inhibition of PARP1 and caspase 3 expression via suppression of FGL1. Conclusions FGL1 confers gefitinib resistance in the NSCLC cell line PC9/GR by regulating the PARP1/caspase 3 pathway. Hence, FGL1 is a potential therapeutic target to improve the treatment response of NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiqing Hao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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