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Atallah O, Almealawy YF, Badary A, Hernández-Hernández A, Andrew Awuah W, Sanker V, Chaurasia B, Umana GE. An In-Depth Analysis of the Artery of Salmon: Anatomy and Neurosurgical Implications. World Neurosurg 2024; 186:133-137. [PMID: 38531474 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Michel Salmon was a prominent person in the field of plastic surgery during the early 20th century. His pioneering work contributed significantly to our understanding of human anatomy, particularly with the identification of the artery of Salmon (AOS). The objective of this study is to thoroughly investigate the AOS by conducting a comprehensive literature review, providing insights into its anatomy and surgical implications. METHODS This review was undertaken after a thorough examination of literature encompassing papers about the AOS. Right up until January 2024, databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were explored. The search was conducted using specific terms such as "Artery of Salmon," "suboccipital artery," and "vertebral artery anatomy." An in-depth assessment was conducted to examine the anatomy, and surgical significance of the AOS. RESULTS The AOS is a branch of the V3 segment of the vertebral artery that supplies the suboccipital muscles. The ability, to identify it, is critical for distinguishing the origins of intraoperative hemorrhage. Through careful surgical intervention, the artery was able to devascularize tumors and vascular lesions. We also touched on the technical issues of its possible application in bypass operations for aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery or vertebral artery. CONCLUSIONS The AOS is sometimes vital in neurosurgery, facilitating precise interventions and serving as a conduit in suboccipital bypass surgeries. Understanding its variations is essential for neurosurgeons, showcasing ongoing advancements in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oday Atallah
- Departement of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Amr Badary
- Departemnt of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Dessau, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Alan Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Vivek Sanker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trivandrum Medical College, Kerala, India
| | - Bipin Chaurasia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Clinic, Birgunj, Nepal.
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2
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Yu J. Endovascular treatment for scalp arteriovenous fistulas: prospects and dilemmas. Acta Neurol Belg 2023:10.1007/s13760-023-02401-z. [PMID: 37875711 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Scalp arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an anomalous arteriovenous connection without a capillary bed. For symptomatic scalp AVFs, an appropriate treatment must be chosen. Currently, endovascular treatment (EVT) can serve as an alternative to surgical excision. However, EVT of scalp AVFs constitutes a challenge. A standard EVT strategy for scalp AVFs has not yet been established. Therefore, a review of current research on EVT for scalp AVFs is essential. In this review, the following issues were discussed: scalp vessel anatomy; etiology, angioarchitecture and classification of scalp AVFs; EVT principles and techniques; and EVT complications and prognosis. In addition, we attempted to propose a feasible grading system with 4 grades. Based on the literature review and our experience, we found that scalp AVFs have a complex angioarchitecture, which made EVT only possible in specific cases with low-grade scalp AVFs. EVT can be performed by transarterial or transvenous embolization. Direct puncture embolization can also be used for scalp AVFs. Complete occlusion of scalp AVF by EVT had low complication and recurrence rates and a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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3
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Golenbiewski J, Burden S, Wolfe RM. Temporal artery biopsy. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2023; 37:101833. [PMID: 37263808 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2023.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis is a common vasculitis in patients over the age of 50 years old. If not promptly recognized and aggressively treated with high-dose glucocorticoids, ischemia resulting in permanent vision loss or stroke can occur. Yet, the treatment with high-dose glucocorticoids over a long period of time can be problematic in this particular patient population given their age and associated comorbidities. Temporal artery biopsies (TAB) are an important diagnostic tool to evaluate patients with suspected giant cell arteritis. Herein, we explore indications for TAB and practical points in obtaining a TAB based on available evidence. We review the surgical procedure itself and associated complications. Lastly, we examine common pathological findings and considerations of alternative diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Golenbiewski
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Susan Burden
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Rachel M Wolfe
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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4
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Csavajda Á, Nardai S, Bertrand OF, Ruzsa Z. Superficial temporal artery access for carotid artery stenting: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e6947. [PMID: 36794037 PMCID: PMC9923472 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous intervention of patients who suffer from generalized vascular disease is often a great challenge due to the limited accessibility of the access gates. We discuss the case of a 66-year-old man who presented with critical right internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis after previous hospitalization due to stroke. In addition to arteria lusoria, the patient had known bilateral femoral amputation, occlusion of the left ICA and significant three-vessel coronary artery disease. After unsuccessful common carotid artery (CCA) cannulation from the right distal radial artery access, we successfully performed the diagnostic angiography and the planned right ICA-CCA intervention using superficial temporal artery (STA) puncture. We showed that STA access can be used as an alternative and additional access site for diagnostic carotid artery angiography and intervention when standard access sites alone are insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Csavajda
- Invasive Cardiology, Bács‐Kiskun County Hospital, Teaching Hospital of the Albert Szent‐Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedKecskemétHungary
| | - Sándor Nardai
- Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular CentreBudapestHungary
| | | | - Zoltán Ruzsa
- Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular CentreBudapestHungary,Department of Internal Medicine, Invasive CardiologyAlbert Szent‐Györgyi Medical School, University of SzegedSzegedHungary
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5
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Sykes JM, Bray HN. Understanding the Vascular Anatomy of the Face. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2022; 30:233-237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Alkhaibary A, Alharbi A, Alsubaie N, Alghanim N, Khairy S, Ozair N, Baydhi L, Musawnaq F, Almuntashri M, Alarifi A, Alwohaibi M, Aloraidi A, Alokaili R, Alkhani A. Traumatic superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm: Successful management using endovascular embolization. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 17:416-419. [PMID: 34934467 PMCID: PMC8654609 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysms are uncommon but can be potentially life-threatening. Considering their rarity, the present article outlines the clinical presentation, radiological findings, intervention, and outcome of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery. An 83-year-old female sustained a traumatic injury to the temple, resulting in right-sided swelling of the forehead. Brain computed tomography and cerebral angiogram revealed a right-sided homogenously-enhancing pseudoaneurysm in the frontal region. Successful occlusion of the lesion was achieved utilizing endovascular embolization. Three months after discharge, the patient reported no complaints or recurrence. Subsequent management included reassurance and observation with periodic clinical assessments. The unusual presentation of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysms requires clinicians to have thorough knowledge on the clinical presentation, proper steps in diagnosis, and the approach of choice in management. Endovascular embolization of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysms remains a valid approach to achieve successful occlusion of the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alkhaibary
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahoud Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Alsubaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Alghanim
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Khairy
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Ozair
- Medical Imaging Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Baydhi
- College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd Musawnaq
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Makki Almuntashri
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Imaging Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alarifi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alwohaibi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aloraidi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh Alokaili
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alkhani
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Csavajda Á, Bertrand OF, Merkely B, Ruzsa Z. Superficial temporal artery access for percutaneous coronary artery stenting during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2021; 5:ytaa520. [PMID: 33594345 PMCID: PMC7799199 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic creates new challenges for healthcare, including invasive cardiology.
Case summary
We discuss the case of a 65-year-old man who presented with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with bilateral pneumonia. The patient had known severe iliac artery lesions with prior interventions and bilateral subclavian artery occlusions. After unsuccessful femoral artery access, the diagnostic angiography and the right coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention were successfully performed from ultrasound-guided lower superficial temporal artery access.
Discussion
We showed that superficial temporal access can be used as an alternate access site for diagnostic coronary angiography and intervention when standard wrist and femoral access sites are not readily accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Béla Merkely
- Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Ruzsa
- Bács-Kiskun County Hospital, Teaching Hospital of the Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Kecskemét, Invasive Cardiology, 6000, Nyíri Street 38, Hungary
- Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular Centre, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Hou K, Xu K, Qu L, Li G, Guo Y, Yu J. Angiographic Evaluation and Endovascular Treatment Considerations of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations With a Transdural Blood Supply: A Single-Center Experience. Front Neurol 2021; 11:603256. [PMID: 33551963 PMCID: PMC7855702 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.603256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In rare circumstances, brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) can recruit a transdural blood supply (TBS). The clinical and radiologic characteristics of BAVMs with a TBS are poorly understood. Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records was conducted for adult patients who were admitted for BAVMs from Jan 2013 to Dec 2019. TBSs for BAVMs were divided into 3 types: (1) unilateral TBSs from the external carotid artery (ECA) and/or meningeal branch of the vertebral artery (VA); (2) bilateral TBSs from the ECA and/or meningeal branch of the VA; and (3) meningohypophyseal trunk TBSs of the internal carotid artery. Results: Four hundred and twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with BAVMs during the study period, of whom 30 (7.0%, 30/428) were identified as having a TBS. Type 1, type 2, and type 3 TBSs were identified in 21 (70%, 21/30), 7 (23.3%, 7/30), and 2 (6.7%, 2/30) patients, respectively. Six (20%, 6/30) patients were conservatively managed. Twelve (40%, 12/30) patients underwent endovascular treatment (EVT) of the BAVM through non-TBS feeders. Eight (26.8%, 8/30) patients underwent EVT of the BAVM both through the TBS and non-TBS feeders. The modified Rankin Scale scores at the 3-month follow-up were 0, 1, 2, 4, and 5 in 24 (80%, 24/30), 2 (6.7%, 2/30), 2 (6.7%, 2/30), 1 (3.3%, 1/30), and 1 (3.3%, 1/30) patients, respectively. Good short-term recovery was achieved in 86.7% (26/30) of the patients. The size of the BAVMs with a TBS was larger than that of BAVMs without a TBS. Patients with higher Spetzler-Martin grades tended to have a TBS. No statistical difference was noted between the patients with and without a TBS with regard to age, sex, location, or concurrent aneurysms. Conclusions: This study showed that a TBS was likely to develop in patients with larger BAVMs and that a TBS was likely to be located in the temporal lobe in patients BAVMs with higher SM grades. Weak structures were the primary targets of management. In addition, a BAVM could be embolized via the TBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lai Qu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guichen Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunbao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinlu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Li Y, Wei YY, Cao Y, Lu XY, Yao Y, Wang L. Severe cerebral edema induced by watershed shift after bypass in a patient with chronic steno-occlusive disease: a case report and short literature review. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:335. [PMID: 32891141 PMCID: PMC7487569 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid occlusive disease is a type of progressive disease resulting in ischemic stroke. Extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery represents a valid therapeutic option when medical treatment does not make effects. The appearance of cerebral edema following bypass is common during acute stage. Additionally, there are many causes of mild cerebral edema, such as hemodynamic changes, venous congestion and others. However, severe edema involving large brain tissue, which presents as reversible aphasia and hemiplegia, remains to be elucidated. Case presentation A 55-year-old man was admitted to the neurosurgery department for repeated dizziness for over a year and sudden onset of syncope 1 month prior, and he was diagnosed with carotid occlusive disease. After surgical contraindications were excluded, dual bypass and encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis were performed. Although blood pressure and fluid management were strictly under control promptly after surgery, massive cerebral edema involving the left anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery territories occurred from the 6th day after surgery. Additionally, no discernible cerebral infarction or hemorrhage occurred. Moreover, the cerebral blood flow of the middle cerebral artery displayed an early decrease followed by delayed elevation on the left side. Without restricting the spreading of cerebral edema, life-threatening cerebral herniation could develop at any time. Mannitol and furosemide were administered for impending cerebral herniation. The amelioration of symptoms was noticed on the 16th day after surgery. The patient felt relief on the 21st day after surgery. Digital subtraction angiography performed on the 180th day after surgery demonstrated the patency of dual anastomosed vessels, and the patient recovered without any permanent neurological deficit. Conclusion Based on changes in cerebral blood flow and reversible symptoms, the “watershed shift” phenomenon could explain such a severe deficit. However, this deficit was not the same as the classical presentation of the “watershed shift”, which involves a moderate amount of brain tissue and presents significant increases in cerebral blood flow. In addition to the “watershed shift”, a swollen temporal muscle may also participate in the progression of focal edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yu-Yu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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The prospects and pitfalls in the endovascular treatment of moyamoya disease-associated intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurg Rev 2020; 44:261-271. [PMID: 32052219 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01261-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of the distal internal carotid artery and simultaneous formation of collateral vasculature. The fragile alteration and increased hemodynamic stress in the intra- and extracranial vasculature would conjointly result in the formation of intracranial aneurysms in MMD patients. According to our classification, the MMD-associated aneurysms are divided into the major artery aneurysms (MAAs) and non-MAAs. The non-MAAs are further subdivided into the distal choroidal artery aneurysms, moyamoya vessel aneurysms, transdural collateral aneurysms, and anastomosis aneurysms. Currently, endovascular treatment (EVT) has become the main stream for the MMD-associated aneurysms. There is no difference to EVT for the MMD-associated MAAs of the non-stenosed major arteries with that in the non-MMD patients. While it is a big challenge to perform EVT for MMD-associated aneurysms in the stenosed arteries. Generally speaking, the parent arteries of the non-MAAs are slim, and super-selective catheterization is technically difficult. Most of the times, parent artery occlusion with liquid embolic agents or coils can only be performed. The vasculature in MMD patients is fragile; perioperative management and meticulous intraoperative manipulation are also very important to avoid complications during EVT. In spites of the complications, the EVT can bring good outcome in selected cases of MMD-associated aneurysms.
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