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Barati T, Mirzaei Z, Ebrahimi A, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S. miR-449a: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Other Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9. [PMID: 38809350 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic factors like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an equal role in genetics. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are members of the ncRNA family, in post-transcriptional gene regulation is well-documented and has important implications for both normal and abnormal biological processes, such as angiogenesis, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to synthesize previous research on miR-449a by analyzing published results from various databases, as there have been a number of investigations on miR-449's potential involvement in the development of human disorders. Based on our findings, miR-449 is strongly dysregulated in a wide range of diseases, from various cancers to cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairments, and respiratory diseases, and it may play a pivotal role in the development of these problems. In addition, miR-449a functions as a crucial regulator of the expression of several well-known genes, including E2F-3, BCL2, NOTCH1, and SOX4. This, in turn, modulates various pathways and processes related to cancer, including Notch, PI3K, and TGF-β, and contributes to the improvement of cancer drug sensitivity. Curiously, abnormalities in the expression of this miRNA may serve as diagnostic or prognostic indicators for distinguishing between healthy people and patients or to evaluate the survival rates for specific disorders. This article provides a synopsis of the current understanding of miR-449a's role in human disease development through its regulation of gene expression and the biological processes related to these genes and their linked processes. In addition, we have covered the topic of miR-449a's potential as a clinical feature (diagnosis and prognosis) indicator for a range of disorders, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. In general, our goal was to gain a thorough comprehension of the numerous functions of miR-449a in different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Barati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Vemula S, Bonala S, Vadde NK, Natu JZ, Basha R, Vadde R, Ahmad S. Drug resistance and immunotherapy in gynecologic cancers. Life Sci 2023; 332:122104. [PMID: 37730109 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Gynecologic malignancies (GMs) are relatively less focused cancers by oncologists and researchers. The five-year survival rate of patients with GMs remained almost the same during the last decade. The development of drug resistance GMs makes it even more challenging to tackle due to tumor heterogeneity, genomic instability, viral/non-viral antigens, and etiological tumor origin. A precision medicine approach, including gene therapies, is under testing to restore tumor responsiveness to therapeutics and immunotherapy. With more data being uncovered, immunotherapy is emerging as a viable alternative for achieving promising results. This review highlights the drug resistance mechanisms and immunotherapeutic approaches to managing GMs better. The approval of immune therapeutic drugs in recent years shifted this notion. It provided hope for researchers, clinicians, and patients with GMs to experience the anti-cancer benefits of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jay Z Natu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raasil Basha
- Department of Biology-Environmental Health, Missouri Southern State University, Joplin, MO, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Vadde
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Sarfraz Ahmad
- AdventHealth Cancer Institute, Gynecologic Oncology Program, Orlando, FL, USA.
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Kim JS, Shin MJ, Lee SY, Kim DK, Choi KU, Suh DS, Kim D, Kim JH. CD109 Promotes Drug Resistance in A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cells by Regulating the STAT3-NOTCH1 Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10306. [PMID: 37373457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy owing to relapse caused by resistance to chemotherapy. We previously reported that cluster of differentiation 109 (CD109) expression is positively correlated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in patients with EOC. To further explore the role of CD109 in EOC, we explored the signaling mechanism of CD109-induced drug resistance. We found that CD109 expression was upregulated in doxorubicin-resistant EOC cells (A2780-R) compared with that in their parental cells. In EOC cells (A2780 and A2780-R), the expression level of CD109 was positively correlated with the expression level of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as ABCB1 and ABCG2, and paclitaxel (PTX) resistance. Using a xenograft mouse model, it was confirmed that PTX administration in xenografts of CD109-silenced A2780-R cells significantly attenuated in vivo tumor growth. The treatment of CD109-overexpressed A2780 cells with cryptotanshinone (CPT), a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, inhibited the CD109 overexpression-induced activation of STAT3 and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NOTCH1), suggesting a STAT3-NOTCH1 signaling axis. The combined treatment of CD109-overexpressed A2780 cells with CPT and N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a NOTCH inhibitor, markedly abrogated PTX resistance. These results suggest that CD109 plays a key role in the acquisition of drug resistance by activating the STAT3-NOTCH1 signaling axis in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Se Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joo Shin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yul Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyung-Un Choi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayea Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Chen S, Lin J, Zhao J, Lin Q, Liu J, Wang Q, Mui R, Ma L. FBXW7 attenuates tumor drug resistance and enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1147239. [PMID: 36998461 PMCID: PMC10043335 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1147239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
FBXW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7) is a critical subunit of the Skp1-Cullin1-F-box protein (SCF), acting as an E3 ubiquitin ligase by ubiquitinating targeted protein. Through degradation of its substrates, FBXW7 plays a pivotal role in drug resistance in tumor cells and shows the potential to rescue the sensitivity of cancer cells to drug treatment. This explains why patients with higher FBXW7 levels exhibit higher survival times and more favorable prognosis. Furthermore, FBXW7 has been demonstrated to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy by targeting the degradation of specific proteins, as compared to the inactivated form of FBXW7. Additionally, other F-box proteins have also shown the ability to conquer drug resistance in certain cancers. Overall, this review aims to explore the function of FBXW7 and its specific effects on drug resistance in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jichun Lin
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ryan Mui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sparrow Hospital, Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Leina Ma
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Leina Ma,
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Bao H, Wu W, Li Y, Zong Z, Chen S. WNT6 participates in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer by upregulating/activating the typical Wnt pathway and Notch1 signaling pathway. Gene 2022; 846:146871. [PMID: 36075327 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin pathway is associated with the progression of various cancers such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and endometrial cancer. Using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database, we found that WNT6 was associated with progression-free survival (PFS) outcomes. Immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian cancer samples and normal ovaries showed that the expression of WNT6 protein was significantly increased in ovarian cancer samples. Further, we explored the possible role of WNT6 in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer. Our results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of WNT6 were significantly higher in CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells compared with other ovarian cancer cell lines and normal ovarian cell line IOSE-80 as well. The transformation of CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells with short interfering WNT6 (siWNT6) significantly inhibited their proliferation and lamellipodia formation, causing cell cycle arrest and promoting cell apoptosis. Western blot experiments confirmed that the down-regulation of WNT6 inhibited the expression of β-catenin and Notch1. These results suggest that WNT6 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Wu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Zhihong Zong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China.
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Extracellular Vesicles Carrying miR-887-3p Promote Breast Cancer Cell Drug Resistance by Targeting BTBD7 and Activating the Notch1/Hes1 Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5762686. [PMID: 35655918 PMCID: PMC9152417 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5762686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective Chemoresistance remains the primary reason threatening the prognosis of breast cancer (BC) patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to chemoresistance by carrying microRNAs (miRNAs). This study investigated the mechanism of miR-887-3p mediated by EVs in BC cell drug resistance. Methods MDA-MB-231-derived EVs were extracted and identified. BC cells were treated with different concentrations of doxorubicin, cisplatin, and fulvestrant, and the cell survival was evaluated. PKH26-labeled EVs were cocultured with BC cells, and the uptake of EVs was observed. miR-887-3p expression in BC cells and EVs was detected. After silencing miR-887-3p in MDA-MB-231 cells, BC cells were treated with EV-inhi to observe drug resistance. The target gene of miR-887-3p was predicted and verified. The levels of downstream Notch1/Hes1 pathway were detected. Xenograft experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of EVs on the growth and drug resistance in vivo. Results MDA-MB-231-derived EVs enhanced the drug resistance of BC cells. EVs carried miR-887-3p into BC cells. miR-887-3p expression was elevated in BC cells and EVs. miR-887-3p inhibition reduced the drug resistance of BC cells. miR-887-3p targeted BTBD7. Overexpression of BTBD7 partially reversed the drug resistance of BC cells caused by EV treatment. EV treatment increased the level of Notch1/Hes1, and overexpression of BTBD7 decreased the level of Notch1/Hes1. In vivo experiments further validated the results of in vitro experiments. Conclusion EVs carrying miR-887-3p could target BTBD7 and activate the Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway, thereby promoting BC cell drug resistance. This study may offer novel insights into BC treatment.
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Zhou W, Yang F. Circular RNA circRNA-0039459 promotes the migration, invasion, and proliferation of liver cancer cells through the adsorption of miR-432. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11810-11821. [PMID: 35543347 PMCID: PMC9276028 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2073129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of circular RNA circ-0039459 and its effects on the apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The expression of circ-0039459, miR-432, and synoviolin 1 (SYVN1) mRNA was determined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay, and the apoptosis rate was detected using flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were detected using Transwell assay. The expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin was detected using western blot. The targeting relationship between circ-0039459 and miR-432 as well as that between miR-432 and SYVN1 were detected using the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. We found that circ-0039459 and SYVN1 mRNA were highly expressed, whereas miR-432 was lowly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and tissues. After treatment with ribonuclease R or actinomycin D, the expression of linear RNA was reduced, whereas that of circular RNA was not significantly changed. circ-0039459 knockdown or miR-432 overexpression can inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin proteins in carcinoma cells as well as promote apoptosis and increase the E-cadherin level. circ-0039459 targeted and regulated miR-432, which targeted and regulated SYVN1. The decreased miR-432 expression reversed the effects of circ-0039459 knockout in cancer cells. Furthermore, SYVN1 overexpression reversed the effect of miR-432 overexpression in hepatoma cells. Hence, circ-0039459 can affect the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the adsorption of miR-432, thereby regulating the expression of SYVN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, CangZhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fengshuo Yang
- Department of Urology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, CangZhou, Hebei Province, China
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Tune BXJ, Sim MS, Poh CL, Guad RM, Woon CK, Hazarika I, Das A, Gopinath SCB, Rajan M, Sekar M, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S, Batumalaie K, Wu YS. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Chemoresistance: Regulatory Roles, Molecular Interactions, and Potential Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3249766. [PMID: 35586209 PMCID: PMC9110224 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3249766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Its treatments usually fail when the tumor has become malignant and metastasized. Metastasis is a key source of cancer recurrence, which often leads to resistance towards chemotherapeutic agents. Hence, most cancer-related deaths are linked to the occurrence of chemoresistance. Although chemoresistance can emerge through a multitude of mechanisms, chemoresistance and metastasis share a similar pathway, which is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a class of zinc and calcium-chelated enzymes, are found to be key players in driving cancer migration and metastasis through EMT induction. The aim of this review is to discuss the regulatory roles and associated molecular mechanisms of specific MMPs in regulating chemoresistance, particularly EMT initiation and resistance to apoptosis. A brief presentation on their potential diagnostic and prognostic values was also deciphered. It also aimed to describe existing MMP inhibitors and the potential of utilizing other strategies to inhibit MMPs to reduce chemoresistance, such as upstream inhibition of MMP expressions and MMP-responsive nanomaterials to deliver drugs as well as epigenetic regulations. Hence, manipulation of MMP expression can be a powerful tool to aid in treating patients with chemo-resistant cancers. However, much still needs to be done to bring the solution from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Xin Jie Tune
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Maw Shin Sim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Rhanye Mac Guad
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, 88400 Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Choy Ker Woon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Iswar Hazarika
- Department of Pharmacology, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Guwahati 781017, India
| | - Anju Das
- Department of Pharmacology, Royal School of Pharmacy, Royal Global University, Guwahati 781035, India
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, 02600 Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, 01000 Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Mariappan Rajan
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | | | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Kalaivani Batumalaie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Asia Metropolitan University, 81750 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
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Cai W, Zhang Q. The transcription factor ZEB1 mediates the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer by promoting the transcription of CircANKRD17. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23086. [PMID: 35521974 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a key transcription factor that regulates the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various tumors. However, its role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is far from understood. The present study aimed to explore the role and potential mechanism of action of ZEB1 in EOC. A quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect ZEB1 expression levels. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, transwell assays, and flow cytometry were used to verify the effects of ZEB1 on the proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and EMT of EOC, respectively. RNA sequencing identified the effect of knocking down ZEB1 on circular RNAs in EOC cells. Dual-luciferase activity assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments were used to verify the regulatory effect of ZEB1 on the circular RNA ANKRD17 (CircANKRD17; ID: hsa_circ_0007883) at the transcriptional level. Higher ZEB1 expression was found in EOC tissues and cells and was closely related to tumor metastasis, advanced stages, and lower survival rates. Furthermore, silencing ZEB1 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT of EOC cells but enhanced cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, knockdown of ZEB1 resulted in the greatest downregulation of CircANKRD17 in EOC cells, and ZEB1 significantly promoted the expression of CircANKRD17 and had no significant effect on ANKRD17 messenger RNA expression. Further experiments verified that ZEB1 mediates the regulation of EOC processes by CircANKRD17. Highly expressed ZEB1 promoted proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT while it inhibited cell apoptosis in EOC by promoting the transcription of CircANKRD17, providing a potential target for the treatment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Nie J, Feng Y, Wang H, Lian XY, Li YF. Long Non-Coding RNA SNHG6 Supports Glioma Progression Through Upregulation of Notch1, Sox2, and EMT. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:707906. [PMID: 34485294 PMCID: PMC8414414 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.707906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, particularly the advanced grade glioblastomas, have poor 5-year survival rates and worse outcomes. lncRNAs and EMT have been extensively studied in gliomas but the disease progression remains poorly understood. SNHG6 has been shown to affect glioma cell proliferation but its effect on EMT of glioma cells along with its effect on disease progression is not known. We screened four glioma cell lines; H4, A172, U87MG, and SW088 and grouped them based on high vs. low SNHG6 expression. Transfections with SNHG6 specific siRNA resulted in induction of apoptosis of high SNHG6 expressing A172 and U87MG cells. This was accompanied by inhibition of EMT and downregulation of EMT-modulating factor Notch1, β-catenin activity and the cancer stem cell marker Sox2. The regulation was not found to be reciprocal as silencing of Notch1 and Sox2 failed to affect SNHG6 levels. The levels of SNHG6 and Notch1 were also found elevated in Grade IV glioma patients (n = 4) relative to Grade II glioma patients (n = 5). These results identify SNHG6 and Notch1 as valid targets for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ying-Fu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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Matsuura N, Tanaka K, Yamasaki M, Yamashita K, Saito T, Makino T, Yamamoto K, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Nakajima K, Eguchi H, Nakagawa H, Doki Y. NOTCH3 limits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and predicts a favorable clinical outcome in esophageal cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:3986-3996. [PMID: 34042293 PMCID: PMC8209574 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the deadliest of all human squamous cell carcinomas and is characterized by chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A subset of ESCC displays loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding Notch receptor family members, including NOTCH3. Although Notch signaling regulates EMT in ESCC cells, the role of NOTCH3 in EMT and chemotherapy resistance remains elusive. This study aimed to examine the role of NOTCH3 in EMT and chemotherapy resistance, and determine whether NOTCH3 expression can be used to predict the response to chemotherapy. METHODS In vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to clarify the contribution of NOTCH3 to chemotherapy resistance. Using specimens from 120 ESCC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we compared the expression levels of NOTCH3 and genes involved in EMT according to the degree of chemotherapy sensitivity. RESULTS In ESCC cells, chemotherapy resistance was associated with NOTCH3 downregulation and concurrent activation of EMT. RNA interference to silence NOTCH3 resulted in induction of the EMT marker Vimentin (VIM), leading to chemotherapy resistance in ESCC cells. Conversely, ectopic expression of the activated form of NOTCH3 suppressed EMT and sensitized cells to chemotherapy. Results of chromatin immunoprecipitation assays suggested that NOTCH3 may repress transcription of the VIM. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that NOTCH3 may control chemotherapy sensitivity by regulating EMT. NOTCH3 may serve as a novel biomarker to predict better clinical outcomes in ESCC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/physiology
- Down-Regulation
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/drug therapy
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/genetics
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/surgery
- Esophagectomy
- Female
- Fluorouracil/pharmacology
- Gene Silencing
- Humans
- Loss of Function Mutation
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Receptor, Notch3/drug effects
- Receptor, Notch3/genetics
- Receptor, Notch3/metabolism
- Vimentin/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan
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12
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Dong L, Huang CY, Johnson EJ, Yang L, Zieren RC, Horie K, Kim CJ, Warren S, Amend SR, Xue W, Pienta KJ. High-Throughput Simultaneous mRNA Profiling Using nCounter Technology Demonstrates That Extracellular Vesicles Contain Different mRNA Transcripts Than Their Parental Prostate Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3717-3725. [PMID: 33596381 PMCID: PMC7944479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
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Extracellular
vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized lipid bilayer encapsulated
particles with a molecular cargo that appears to play important roles
within the human body, such as in cell-to-cell communication. Unraveling
the composition of EV cargos remains one of the most fundamental steps
toward understanding the role of EVs in intercellular communication
and the discovery of new biomarkers. One of the unmet needs in this
field is the lack of a robust, sensitive, and multiplexed method for
EV mRNA profiling. We established a new protocol using the NanoString
low RNA input nCounter assay by which the targeted mRNA transcripts
in EVs can be efficiently and specifically amplified and then assayed
for 770 mRNAs in one reaction. Prostate cancer cells with epithelial
(PC3-Epi) or mesenchymal (PC3-EMT) phenotypes and their progeny EVs
were analyzed by the same panel. Among these mRNAs, 157 were detected
in PC3-Epi EVs and 564 were detected in PC3-EMT EVs. NOTCH1 was the
most significantly abundant mRNA transcripts in PC3-EMT EVs compared
to PC3-Epi EVs. Our results demonstrated that when cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal
transition (EMT), a more active loading of cancer progression-related
mRNA transcripts may occur. The mRNA cargos of EVs derived from mesenchymal
prostate cancer cells may contribute to the pro-EMT function. We found
that mRNA transcripts are different in progeny EVs compared to parental
cells. EV cargos are not completely reflective of their cell origin,
and the underlying mechanism of cargo sorting is complicated and needs
to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chung-Ying Huang
- NanoString Technologies, Inc., Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Eric J Johnson
- NanoString Technologies, Inc., Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Lei Yang
- NanoString Technologies, Inc., Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Richard C Zieren
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Kengo Horie
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Chi-Ju Kim
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Warren
- NanoString Technologies, Inc., Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Sarah R Amend
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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