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Elshaer SS, Abulsoud AI, Fathi D, Abdelmaksoud NM, Zaki MB, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Elsakka EGE, Abd-Elmawla MA, Abulsoud LA, Doghish AS. miRNAs role in glioblastoma pathogenesis and targeted therapy: Signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154511. [PMID: 37178618 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
High mortality and morbidity rates and variable clinical behavior are hallmarks of glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. Patients with GBM often have a dismal outlook, even after undergoing surgery, postoperative radiation, and chemotherapy, which has fueled the search for specific targets to provide new insights into the development of contemporary therapies. The ability of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) to posttranscriptionally regulate the expression of various genes and silence many target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, stem cell behavior and chemo- and radiotherapy resistance makes them promising candidates as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets or factors to advance GBM therapeutics. Hence, this review is like a crash course in GBM and how miRNAs related to GBM. Here, we will outline the miRNAs whose role in the development of GBM has been established by recent in vitro or in vivo research. Moreover, we will provide a summary of the state of knowledge regarding oncomiRs and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs in relation to GBM with an emphasis on their potential applications as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Logyna A Abulsoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Han X, Li B. The emerging role of noncoding RNAs in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113581. [PMID: 36037783 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (HH), a conserved signaling pathway, is involved in embryo development, organogenesis, and other biological functions. Dysregulation and abnormal activation of HH are involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. With the emergence of interest in noncoding RNAs, studies on their involvement in abnormal regulation of biological processes in tumors have been published one after another. In this review, we focus on the crosstalk between noncoding RNAs and the HH pathway in tumors and elaborate the mechanisms by which long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs regulate or are regulated by HH signaling in cancer. We also discuss the interaction between noncoding RNAs and the HH pathway from the perspective of cancer hallmarks, presenting this complex network as concisely as possible and organizing ideas for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China. libo--
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Lu CH, Wei ST, Liu JJ, Chang YJ, Lin YF, Yu CS, Chang SLY. Recognition of a Novel Gene Signature for Human Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084157. [PMID: 35456975 PMCID: PMC9029857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignant and incurable brain tumors. The identification of a gene signature for GBM may be helpful for its diagnosis, treatment, prediction of prognosis and even the development of treatments. In this study, we used the GSE108474 database to perform GSEA and machine learning analysis, and identified a 33-gene signature of GBM by examining astrocytoma or non-GBM glioma differential gene expression. The 33 identified signature genes included the overexpressed genes COL6A2, ABCC3, COL8A1, FAM20A, ADM, CTHRC1, PDPN, IBSP, MIR210HG, GPX8, MYL9 and PDLIM4, as well as the underexpressed genes CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C, SHANK2 and VIPR2. Protein functional analysis by CELLO2GO implied that these signature genes might be involved in regulating various aspects of biological function, including anatomical structure development, cell proliferation and adhesion, signaling transduction and many of the genes were annotated in response to stress. Of these 33 signature genes, 23 have previously been reported to be functionally correlated with GBM; the roles of the remaining 10 genes in glioma development remain unknown. Our results were the first to reveal that GBM exhibited the overexpressed GPX8 gene and underexpressed signature genes including CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C and SHANK2, which might play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis of different gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Lu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tai Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Jun Liu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Jen Chang
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Feng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Sheng Yu
- Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan;
| | - Sunny Li-Yun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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4
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Yang L, Xu X, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Chen H, Wang X. miR-511-3p promotes hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome by activating hedgehog pathway via targeting Ptch1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G344-G354. [PMID: 34287088 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00081.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
As a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the incidence of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is as high as 70%. Previous evidence has demonstrated that miR-511-3p was involved in HSOS, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to examine the mechanism underlying miR-511-3p regulating HSOS. Monocrotaline (MCT) was used to create an HSOS rat model and to treat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were used to detect pathological changes in liver tissue. The expression of miR-511-3p and Hedgehog pathway-related proteins was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The effect of miR-511-3p in regulating HSOS was investigated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo-2)-3,5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay, and flow cytometry. Finally, the interaction between miR-511-3p and patched1 (Ptch1) was determined by luciferase reporter assay. The rats showed a typical HSOS phenotype, including LSEC damage, liver injury, and fibrosis after MCT administration. miR-511-3p was upregulated in hepatic tissue of rat HSOS model and MCT-induced LSECs. miR-511-3p directly targeted Ptch1 and suppressed Ptch1 expression to activate the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Depletion of miR-511-3p showed a protective effect against MCT-induced HSOS, as evidenced by decreased HSOS pathogenesis factors, matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β), and decreased LSEC apoptosis rates. Nevertheless, knockdown of Ptch1 reversed the protective effect of miR-511-3p depletion against MCT-induced LSEC injury and apoptosis. miR-511-3p aggravates HSOS by activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway through targeting Ptch1, and miR-511-3p may develop as the potential therapy for the treatment of HSOS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY miR-511-3p is upregulated in HSOS in vivo and in vitro models. miR-511-3p activates the Hedgehog pathway by directly targeting Ptch1. Knockdown of miR-511-3p shows a protective effect against LSEC injury and apoptosis via Hedgehog signaling pathway. Inhibition of Ptch1 reserves the effect of miR-511-3p knockdown on LSEC damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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5
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Pettus JR, Kerr DA, Stan RV, Tse JY, Sverrisson EF, Bridge JA, Linos K. Primary myxoid and epithelioid mesenchymal tumor of the kidney with a novel GLI1-FOXO4 fusion. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2020; 60:116-122. [PMID: 33159395 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To our knowledge, we describe the first mesenchymal tumor with a novel GLI1-FOXO4 fusion gene. This well-circumscribed kidney tumor displayed variably myxoid and epithelioid histologic features with a focally nodular growth pattern. The tumor cells showed bland, round to ovoid nuclei, with no overt high-grade features. The tumor showed focal immunopositivity for smooth muscle actin and Melan-A, which raised the possibility of a relationship with a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. The clinical and morphologic features appear distinct from other reported neoplasms harboring GLI1 or FOXO4 gene rearrangements. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy and is without evidence of disease during a relatively short clinical follow-up period. However, the features of this tumor likely warrant long-term follow-up to monitor for the possibility of a late recurrence or metastasis. In addition to reporting this novel fusion-positive tumor, we also provide a brief review of GLI1 and FOXO4 gene functions in both normal and neoplastic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Pettus
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Darcy A Kerr
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Radu V Stan
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Julie Y Tse
- Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Einar F Sverrisson
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Julia A Bridge
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Division of Molecular Pathology, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.,University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Konstantinos Linos
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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6
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Li D, Wang X, Yang M, Kan Q, Duan Z. miR3609 sensitizes breast cancer cells to adriamycin by blocking the programmed death-ligand 1 immune checkpoint. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:20-28. [PMID: 30904483 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the leading cause of breast cancer therapy failure, and studies of the mechanisms underlying chemoresistance and the treatment of drug-resistant tumors remain challenging. In the present study, we discovered a novel microRNA, miR3609, that influences the malignancy of breast cancer. Our results showed miR-3609 expression was lower in resistant breast cancer cells than in sensitive breast cancer cells (MCF-7), while PD-L1 expression was higher in resistant breast cancer cells than in sensitive breast cancer cells. Co-transfection of a miR-3609 plasmid with a luciferase construct containing the PD-L1 3'-untranslated region suppressed luciferase activity. Transfection of a miR-3609 mimic markedly suppressed PD-L1 protein expression in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells in a dose-dependent manner and increased the sensitivity of MCF7/ADR cells to adriamycin, whereas transfection of a miR-3609 inhibitor enhanced PD-L1 protein expression in HBL-100 and MCF-7 cells. In addition, knockdown of PD-L1 by siRNA restored the sensitivity of MCF7/ADR cells to adriamycin. Mice injected with breast cancer cells stably overexpressing miR3609 survived markedly longer and had fewer tumors than mice injected with control miRNA (miR-sc)-transfected cells. Treatment with a CD8+ blocking antibody (anti-CD8) eliminated these effects, suggesting that CD8+ T cells are required for the efficacy of miR3609 in breast cancer. Further, low miR-3609 expression and high PD-L1 expression were correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Therefore, restoration of miR-3609 expression may sensitize breast cancer to adriamycin by blocking PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duolu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, UCLA Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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7
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Tanno B, Babini G, Leonardi S, Giardullo P, De Stefano I, Pasquali E, Ottolenghi A, Atkinson MJ, Saran A, Mancuso M. Ex vivo miRNome analysis in Ptch1+/- cerebellum granule cells reveals a subset of miRNAs involved in radiation-induced medulloblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:68253-68269. [PMID: 27626168 PMCID: PMC5356552 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has historically been accepted that incorrectly repaired DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are the principal lesions of importance regarding mutagenesis, and long-term biological effects associated with ionizing radiation. However, radiation may also cause dysregulation of epigenetic processes that can lead to altered gene function and malignant transformation, and epigenetic alterations are important causes of miRNAs dysregulation in cancer. Patched1 heterozygous (Ptch1+/−) mice, characterized by aberrant activation of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, are a well-known murine model of spontaneous and radiation-induced medulloblastoma (MB), a common pediatric brain tumor originating from neural granule cell progenitors (GCPs). The high sensitivity of neonatal Ptch1+/− mice to radiogenic MB is dependent on deregulation of the Ptch1 gene function. Ptch1 activates a growth and differentiation programme that is a strong candidate for regulation through the non-coding genome. Therefore we carried out miRNA next generation sequencing in ex vivo irradiated and control GCPs, isolated and purified from cerebella of neonatal WT and Ptch1+/− mice. We identified a subset of miRNAs, namely let-7 family and miR-17∼92 cluster members, whose expression is altered in GCPs by radiation alone, or by synergistic interaction of radiation with Shh-deregulation. The same miRNAs were further validated in spontaneous and radiation-induced MBs from Ptch1+/− mice, confirming persistent deregulation of these miRNAs in the pathogenesis of MB. Our results support the hypothesis that miRNAs dysregulation is associated with radiosensitivity of GCPs and their neoplastic transformation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tanno
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simona Leonardi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Giardullo
- Department of Radiation Physics, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria De Stefano
- Department of Radiation Physics, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pasquali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Michael J Atkinson
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Saran
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Mancuso
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Rome, Italy
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Kit O, Vodolazhsky D, Rostorguev E, Porksheyan D, Panina S. The role of micro-RNA in the regulation of signal pathways in gliomas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 63:481-498. [DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20176306481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are invasive brain tumors with high rates of recurrence and mortality. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most deadly form of glioma with nearly 100% rate of recurrence and unfavorable prognosis in patients. Micro-RNAs (miR) are the class of wide-spread short non-coding RNAs that inhibit translation via binding to the mRNA of target genes. The aim of the present review is to analyze recent studies and experimental results concerning aberrant expression profiles of miR, which target components of the signaling pathways Hedgehog, Notch, Wnt, EGFR, TGFb, HIF1a in glioma/glioblastoma. Particularly, the interactions of miR with targets of 2-hydroxyglutarate (the product of mutant isocytrate dehydrogenase, R132H IDH1, which is specific for the glioma pathogenesis) have been considered in the present review. Detecting specific miRNAs in tissue and serum may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for glioma, as well as for predicting treatment response of an individual patient, and potentially serving as a mechanism for creating personalized treatment strategies
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Affiliation(s)
- O.I. Kit
- Rostov Research Institute of Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | - E.E. Rostorguev
- Rostov Research Institute of Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - D.H. Porksheyan
- Rostov Research Institute of Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - S.B. Panina
- Rostov Research Institute of Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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9
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Barbato S, Solaini G, Fabbri M. MicroRNAs in Oncogenesis and Tumor Suppression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 333:229-268. [PMID: 28729026 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) have emerged in the last 15 years as central players in the biology of cancer. Increasing lines of evidence have supported their regulatory role in the expression of both oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, progressively clarifying which genes are modulated by specific MiRNAs dysregulated in cancer. Intriguingly, a "target-specific" understanding of MiRNA function in oncology has been replaced by a more "pathway-specific" vision of their involvement in cancer biology. This work provides a state-of-the-art knowledge of the role of MiRNAs in the most frequently altered signaling pathways in cancer cells and provides an updated overview on some of the most relevant findings trying to decode the complex molecular mechanisms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Barbato
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Solaini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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10
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Buongusto F, Bernardazzi C, Yoshimoto AN, Nanini HF, Coutinho RL, Carneiro AJV, Castelo-Branco MT, de Souza HS. Disruption of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in inflammatory bowel disease fosters chronic intestinal inflammation. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:351-369. [PMID: 27655445 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is essential for intestinal homeostasis and has been associated with inflammation and tissue repair. We hypothesized that Hh signaling could affect the inflammatory process in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). For this purpose, colon specimens from the inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa of 15 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 15 with ulcerative colitis, and 15 controls were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. The production and modulation of cytokines were measured by ELISA from culture explants. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assays. Chemotaxis was evaluated using a transwell system. Primary human intestinal and skin fibroblasts were used for analyzing migration and BrdU incorporation. Hh proteins were generally expressed at the superficial epithelium, and a marked reduction was observed in CD. In the lamina propria, Gli-1 predominantly co-localized with vimentin- and alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells, with lower levels observed in CD. In colon explants, Hh stimulation resulted in reduction, while blockade increased, TNF α, IL-17, and TGF β levels. Apoptotic rates were higher in inflamed samples, and they increased after Hh blockade. Levels of Gli-1 mRNA were negatively correlated with caspase-3 activity. Hh blockade increased chemoattraction of monocytes. Primary fibroblasts incorporated more BrdU, but migrated less after Hh blockade. These results suggest that Hh signaling provides a negative feedback to the lamina propria, down-regulating inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting leukocyte migration and fibroblast proliferation, while favoring fibroblast migration. Therefore, Hh signaling is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation, and it may represent a novel therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Buongusto
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Claudio Bernardazzi
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Agnes N Yoshimoto
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Hayandra F Nanini
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Raquel L Coutinho
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Antonio Jose V Carneiro
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Morgana T Castelo-Branco
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Heitor S de Souza
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-913, Brazil. .,D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, 22281-100, Brazil.
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Maschinot CA, Pace JR, Hadden MK. Synthetic Small Molecule Inhibitors of Hh Signaling As Anti-Cancer Chemotherapeutics. Curr Med Chem 2016; 22:4033-57. [PMID: 26310919 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150827093904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) pathway is a developmental signaling pathway that is essential to the proper embryonic development of many vertebrate systems. Dysregulation of Hh signaling has been implicated as a causative factor in the development and progression of several forms of human cancer. As such, the development of small molecule inhibitors of Hh signaling as potential anti-cancer chemotherapeutics has been a major area of research interest in both academics and industry over the past ten years. Through these efforts, synthetic small molecules that target multiple components of the Hh pathway have been identified and advanced to preclinical or clinical development. The goal of this review is to provide an update on the current status of several synthetic small molecule Hh pathway inhibitors and explore the potential of several recently disclosed inhibitory scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M K Hadden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N Eagleville Rd, Unit 3092, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, USA.
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Venza M, Visalli M, Biondo C, Oteri R, Agliano F, Morabito S, Caruso G, Caffo M, Teti D, Venza I. Epigenetic effects of cadmium in cancer: focus on melanoma. Curr Genomics 2015; 15:420-35. [PMID: 25646071 PMCID: PMC4311387 DOI: 10.2174/138920291506150106145932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal, which has a destroying impact on organs. Exposure to cadmium causes severe health problems to human beings due to its ubiquitous environmental presence and features of the pathologies associated with pro-longed exposure. Cadmium is a well-established carcinogen, although the underlying mechanisms have not been fully under-stood yet. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the impact of this environmental pollutant on the epigenome. Be-cause of the role of epigenetic alterations in regulating gene expression, there is a potential for the integration of cadmium-induced epigenetic alterations as critical elements in the cancer risk assessment process. Here, after a brief review of the ma-jor diseases related to cadmium exposure, we focus our interest on the carcinogenic potential of this heavy metal. Among the several proposed pathogenetic mechanisms, particular attention is given to epigenetic alterations, including changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA expression. We review evidence for a link between cadmium-induced epigenetic changes and cell transformation, with special emphasis on melanoma. DNA methylation, with reduced expression of key genes that regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis, has emerged as a possible cadmium-induced epigenetic mechanism in melanoma. A wider comprehension of mechanisms related to this common environmental contaminant would allow a better cancer risk evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Venza
- Department of Experimental Specialistic Medical, Surgical and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Visalli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Biondo
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Oteri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Agliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Morabito
- Department of Experimental Specialistic Medical, Surgical and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gerardo Caruso
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Caffo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Diana Teti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Isabella Venza
- Department of Experimental Specialistic Medical, Surgical and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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