1
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Wang J, Yang L, Wang HX, Cui SP, Gao Y, Hu B, Zhou L, Lang R. Anti-PD-1 therapy reverses TIGIT +CD226 +NK depletion in immunotherapy resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma through PVR/TIGIT pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111681. [PMID: 38368771 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy resistance conducts the main reason for failure of PD-1-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to clarify the mechanism of nature kill cells (NK) depletion in immunotherapy resistance of HCC. Cancerous /paracancerous tissues and peripheral blood (PB) of 55 HCC patients were collected and grouped according to differentiation degree, FCM, IHC and lymphocyte culture drug intervention experiments were used to determine NK cell depletion degree. Furthermore, a mouse model of HCC in situ was constructed and divided into different groups according to intervention measures of ICIs. Immunofluorescence thermography was used to observe changes in tumor burden. NK cells in cancerous tissues significantly up-regulated TIGIT expression (P < 0.001). Intervention experiments revealed that TIGIT and PD-1 expression decreased gradually with increased PD-1 inhibitor dose in moderately-highly differentiated patients (P < 0.05). Animal experiment showed that tumors proliferation in experimental group was inhibited after PD-1 blockage, WB indicated that ICIs decreased TIGIT and PVRL1 protein expression while increased CD226 and PVRL3 protein expression. We concluded that TIGIT+NK cells competitively bind to PVR with CD226 and promote NK cell depletion. Anti-PD-1 decreases PVRL1 expression through PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, reducing the PVR/TIGIT inhibitory signal pathway, and enhancing function of PVR/CD226 activation signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Xuan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreaticosplenic Surgery, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song-Ping Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreaticosplenic Surgery, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreaticosplenic Surgery, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreaticosplenic Surgery, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Zhao Q, Zhang Z, Li J, Xu F, Zhang B, Liu M, Liu Y, Chen H, Yang J, Zhang J. Lysine Acetylome Study of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissues for Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Discovery. Front Genet 2020; 11:572663. [PMID: 33093847 PMCID: PMC7527632 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.572663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is a vital post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins, which plays an important role in cancer development. In healthy human liver tissues, multiple non-histone proteins were identified with acetylation modification, however, the role of acetylated proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development remains largely unknown. Here we performed a quantitative acetylome study of tumor and normal liver tissues from HCC patients. Overall, 598 lysine acetylation sites in 325 proteins were quantified, and almost 59% of their acetylation levels were significantly changed. The differentially acetylated proteins mainly consisted of non-histone proteins located in mitochondria and cytoplasm, which accounted for 42% and 24%, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially acetylated proteins were enriched in metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction processes. In tumor tissues, 278 lysine sites in 189 proteins showed decreased acetylation levels, which occupied 98% of differentially acetylated proteins. Moreover, we collected twenty pairs of tumor and normal liver tissues from HCC male patients, and found that expression levels of SIRT1 (p = 0.002), SIRT2 (p = 0.01), and SIRT4 (p = 0.045) were significantly up-regulated in tumor tissues. Over-expression of possibly accounted for the widespread deacetylation of non-histone proteins identified in HCC tumor tissues, which could serve as promising predictors of HCC. Taken together, our work illustrates abundant differentially acetylated proteins in HCC tumor tissues, and offered insights into the role of lysine acetylation in HCC development. It provided potential biomarker and drug target candidates for clinical HCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Zhao
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinxia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Xu
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingxia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengduan Liu
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yixian Liu
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiping Chen
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junxia Yang
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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3
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Zheng Q, Xu J, Gu X, Wu F, Deng J, Cai X, Wang G, Li G, Chen Z. Immune checkpoint targeting TIGIT in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3212-3224. [PMID: 32774695 PMCID: PMC7407725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an extremely poor prognosis and is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Immune checkpoint suppression has become the most effective treatment option for liver cancer. The strategies used for immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting cancer therapies have been affected by some significant successes, including blocking the advanced-stage malignant tumor by death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand (PDL-1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) pathways. T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is an immune checkpoint that participates in tumor immune surveillance. Mainly expressed on T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and other antigen-presenting cells (APCs), it diminishes cytokine production and exhibits strong suppressive properties. TIGIT achieves a more active antitumor immune response and highlights a pivotal role for cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical studies have found inhibitory effects using a targeted approach. Monotherapy targeting TIGIT or in combination with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of patients with advanced solid malignancies have demonstrated improved antitumor immune responses. Due to the high tumor heterogeneity of liver cancer, immune checkpoint suppression therapy still needs further exploration. Therefore, we provide insights into the characteristics of TIGIT and the immune system in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengtian Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwen Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaopeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Third People’s HospitalShenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Umetsu S, Mizukami H, Saito T, Uchida C, Igawa A, Kudo K, Itabashi C, Osonoi S, Danyang G, Sasaki T, Yagihashi S, Hakamada K. Diabetes, an independent poor prognostic factor of non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma, correlates with dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 promoter methylation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1156. [PMID: 31980687 PMCID: PMC6981134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A concurrent increase in the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with that of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity has been reported in the absence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen-negative/hepatitis C virus antibody-negative HCC (NBNC-HCC). However, the prognostic relevance of this association remains unclear. Promoter methylation (PM) of the dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 gene (DPYSL3) has been implicated in virus-related HCC. However, it remains unclear whether T2D influences PM in NBNC-HCC. We determined the influence of T2D on clinicopathological profile and PM of DPYSL3 and CDK2NA in patients with NBNC-HCC who were divided into two groups: non-diabetes (non-DM; n = 46) and diabetes (DM; n = 47). DM was associated with a higher Union for International Cancer Control grade, marginal vascular invasion and tumour cell proliferation irrespective of the duration of T2D as well as higher rates of PM of DPYSL3 than non-DM; however, PM of CDK2NA was similar between both groups. PM of DPYSL3 reduced its expression which inversely correlated with reduced patient survival. In conclusion, T2D is associated with poor prognosis of NBNC-HCC in which a high frequency of PM of DPYSL3 may play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Umetsu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Chiaki Uchida
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Akiko Igawa
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kudo
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Chieko Itabashi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Sho Osonoi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Guo Danyang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takanori Sasaki
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Soroku Yagihashi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hakamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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5
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Chen K, Zhu P, Ye J, Liao Y, Du Z, Chen F, Juanjuan H, Zhang S, Zhai W. Oxymatrine inhibits the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by reducing the activity of MMP-2/-9 via regulating p38 signaling pathway. J Cancer 2019; 10:5397-5403. [PMID: 31632484 PMCID: PMC6775708 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the major alkaloid components in Sophoraflavescensait (kushen), oxymatrine has been used widely across the world in anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer therapies. However, the effect in the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and related mechanism(s) are still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-metastatic effect of oxymatrine on HCC cells. Oxymatrine could also inhibit the protein levels of MMP-2/-9 in a dose-dependent relationship. Moreover, oxymatrine reduces the activity of p38 signaling pathway via inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38. The inhibition effect of oxymatrine on the expression of MMP-2/-9 and the phosphorylated of p38 was also detected in vivo. Combined treatment with p38 signaling pathway inhibitor and oxymatrine may have a synergistic effect on MMP-2/-9 and invasion of HCC cells. Therefore, oxymatrine may have inhibited GBC invasiveness by reducing the expression of MMP-2/-9 via inhibiting the activity of p38 signaling pathway. As a potentially novel therapeutic drug, oxymatrine may play an important role in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - He Juanjuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shaojin Zhang
- Department of Ueology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
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6
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Wu SS, Shan QY, Xie WX, Chen B, Huang Y, Guo Y, Xie XY, Lu MD, Peng BG, Kuang M, Shen SL, Wang W. Outcomes after hepatectomy of patients with positive HBcAb Non-B Non-C hepatocellular carcinoma compared to overt hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:401-410. [PMID: 31172445 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) positivity is regarded as a sensitive marker for occult and prior hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the prognosis of patients with HBcAb-positive in non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC) remains unclear. The study aimed to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with HBcAb-positive NBNC-HCC to those with overt HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen positive) HCC. METHODS 306 HCC patients underwent hepatectomy were divided into two groups: an overt HBV-HCC group and HBcAb-positive NBNC-HCC group. Then patients were analyzed using propensity score matching (PSM) to reduce selection bias. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis for risk factors were also evaluated. RESULTS HBcAb-positive NBNC-HCC group showed comparable survival outcomes to the overt HBV-HCC group (3-year overall survival rates 66% vs 62%, 69% vs 53%; 3-year recurrence-free survival rates 49% vs 40%, 47% vs 37%; P > 0.05) before and after PSM. Patients with HBcAb-positive NBNC-HCC were older, had more complications, higher proportions of vascular invasion, and larger tumor sizes but lower proportions of cirrhosis, elevated alanine aminotransferase and prothrombin time. CONCLUSIONS HBcAb-positive NBNC-HCC group had more advanced tumors, but their prognosis was relatively comparable to that of the other group. Therefore, we believe that screening is also necessary in HBcAb-positive patients for early detection of HCC, especially in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan-Yuan Shan
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-De Lu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Gang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Kuang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Li Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Watanabe M, Yokomori H, Takahashi Y, Okada T, Shibuya A, Koizumi W. Assessing the characteristics and feasibility of preventing early mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2019; 30:541-548. [PMID: 31144660 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2019.18654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine strategies to prevent early death (ED) and improve the prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who were diagnosed with HCC from January 2012 to June 2017 were considered for the study. Those who survived for ≤6 months from the date of diagnosis were classified into the ED group (n=21) and those who survived for ≥12 months from the date of diagnosis were classified into the non-ED group (n=88). RESULTS There were significant differences between the ED and non-ED groups in the following conditions: when the patient age was ≥80 years (38.1% vs. 14.8% patients); maximum nodule size was >3 cm (90.5% vs. 27.3%); Child-Pugh class C liver disease was seen (66.7% vs. 26.1%); tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) Stage III-IV tumor was present (85.7% vs. 21.6%); BCLC stage C/D of liver cancer was seen (81.0% vs. 21.6%); JIS score was ≥4 (52.4% vs. 3.4%); serum creatinine level was ≥1.0 mg/dL (52.4% vs. 22.7%); and there was absence of aggressive treatments such as hepatic resection, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and chemotherapy (66.7% vs. 4.5%). Logistic regression analysis identified maximum nodule size of >3 cm (p=0.005, OR=58.7, 95% CI=3.43-1003.9), JIS score of ≥4 (p=0.021, OR=12.0, 95% CI=1.44-100.1), and absence of aggressive treatments (p=0.006, OR=24.7, 95% CI=2.47-247.2) as predictive factors for ED. The presence of aggressive treatments significantly improved the 12-month survival rate of advanced HCC patients with BCLC stage C/D (presence vs. absence: 78.3% vs. 7.4%), a maximum nodule size of >3 cm (76.7% vs. 7.7%), and a JIS score of ≥4 (60.0% vs. 0%). CONCLUSION Although delayed detection of HCC strongly increased the onset ED, the aggressiveness of HCC treatment is not readily downgraded, and the most aggressive treatment possible should be considered to prevent ED in patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yokomori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takemichi Okada
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akitaka Shibuya
- Department of Risk Management and Health Care Administration, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan
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8
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Noda Y, Kawaguchi T, Kuromatsu R, Komukai S, Nakano M, Niizeki T, Koga H, Kawaguchi A, Torimura T. Prognostic profile of patients with non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma: A comparative study with hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma using data mining analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:227-236. [PMID: 31289492 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Various factors are associated with the prognosis of patients with non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study aimed to investigate the prognosis of patients with non-viral HCC compared with that of patients with hepatitis C virus-related (HCV)-HCC and the features associated with prognosis of patients with non-viral HCC using data mining analyses. Patients with non-viral HCC (n=182, age 70.4±8.9 years) and HCV-HCC (n=612, age 70±8.4 years) were enrolled and the overall survival was compared between the non-viral HCC and HCV-HCC groups. The present study performed random forest and decision tree analyses to identify features that distinguish prognosis between the non-viral HCC and HCV-HCC groups. The median survival of the non-viral HCC group was significantly shorter than the HCV-HCC group (1,553 vs. 2,304 days, P<0.01). In the multivariate analysis, the non-viral HCC group was an independent risk factor for survival (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.87, P=0.013). In the random forest analysis, the high-ranking distinguishable factors were 'number of tumors' and 'HCC stage' in the non-viral HCC group and 'albumin' and 'total bilirubin' in the HCV-HCC group. The decision tree analysis revealed that, in patients with HCC stage >I, the survival period in the non-viral HCC group was significantly shorter than the HCV-HCC group (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.07-1.81, P=0.0132). The prognosis of patients with non-viral HCC was poorer than patients with HCV-HCC. In addition, data mining analysis revealed that tumor-related variables had the highest importance for survival in patients with non-viral HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Noda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kuromatsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.,Ultrasound Diagnostic Center, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Sho Komukai
- Division of Biomedical Statistics, Department of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Niizeki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hironori Koga
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.,Liver Cancer Research Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-0937, Japan
| | - Takuji Torimura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.,Liver Cancer Research Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
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9
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He LL, Liu XL, Zhang S, Li MG, Wang XB, Jiang YY, Yang ZY. Independent risk factors for disease recurrence after surgery in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma ≤3 cm in diameter. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2019; 7:250-257. [PMID: 31413831 PMCID: PMC6688729 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-operative recurrence rates are high for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to explore the factors associated with post-operative 1-year recurrence rate in patients with HBV-related HCC who had a single small primary tumor (≤3 cm in diameter). Methods This was a retrospective study of 203 (training cohort) and 64 (validation cohort) patients newly diagnosed with HBV-related HCC who had a single small primary tumor. The first year of post-operative follow-up was examined. Factors potentially associated with HCC recurrence were identified using Cox regression analyses. A model was constructed based on the factors identified and the prognostic value of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calculation of the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results A history of alcoholism and serum levels of α-fetoprotein, total protein and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were independently associated with 1-year recurrence rate after surgery. A predictive model based on these four factors had an AUC of 0.711 (95% confidence interval, 0.643-0.772) in the training cohort and 0.727 (95% confidence interval, 0.601-0.831) in the validation cohort. The 1-year recurrence rate was significantly lower in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group in both the training cohort (17.0% vs. 49.5%, P < 0.001) and the validation cohort (43.2% vs. 74.1%, P = 0.031). Conclusion A history of alcoholism and serum levels of α-fetoprotein, total protein and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were independently associated with post-operative 1-year recurrence rate in patients with HBV-related HCC who had a single small primary tumor (≤3 cm in diameter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling He
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Liu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuan Zhang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Ge Li
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Bo Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Yong Jiang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Yang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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10
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Jia RR, Zhong JH, Huo RR, Su QB, Xiang X, Zhao FL, Qin ZB, Chen JH, Liao YY, Ma L, Xiang BD, Zhang CY, Li LQ. Correlation between serum prealbumin and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. J Surg Oncol 2019; 119:794-800. [PMID: 30648280 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether serum prealbumin levels are associated with long-term survival after hepatectomy in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS A consecutive sample of 526 patients with HCC who underwent potentially curative hepatectomy from August 2007 to August 2010 was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified as having normal or reduced serum prealbumin based on cut-off values of 200 or 182 mg/L. RESULTS Multivariate analysis identified the preoperative level of serum prealbumin as an independent prognostic factor of long-term survival (P < 0.05): Survival was significantly better for those with normal levels than for those with reduced levels, based on either cut-off value. Similar results were observed in subgroup analyses based on the degree of cirrhosis, level of ɑ-fetoprotein and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative level of serum prealbumin may be useful for predicting long-term survival in patients with HCC after hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Jia
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhong
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology Research Center, Nanning, China
| | - Rong-Rui Huo
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qi-Bin Su
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao Xiang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fu-Lin Zhao
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhong-Bian Qin
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jia-Hao Chen
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying-Yang Liao
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bang-De Xiang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology Research Center, Nanning, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhang
- Experimental Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Le-Qun Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology Research Center, Nanning, China
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11
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Hashimoto M, Tashiro H, Kobayashi T, Kuroda S, Hamaoka M, Ohdan H. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma: The impact of patient sex on disease-free survival - A retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2017; 39:206-213. [PMID: 28159713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.01.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) negative for both hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus antibody (HCVAb) has increased recently. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognoses of non-B non-C HCC (NBNC-HCC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2000 to December 2013, 154 patients with NBNC-HCC and 560 patients with HBsAg or HCVAb positive (BC)-HCC who underwent curative resection were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features of NBNC-HCC and BC-HCC were compared, and the prognoses of NBNC-HCC patients were analyzed. RESULTS In comparison to patients with BC-HCC, patients with NBNC-HCC had better liver function but higher pathological tumor stages. The disease-free survival (DFS) duration was significantly higher in patients with NBNC-HCC than it was in those with BC-HCC. In patients with NBNC-HCC, aspartate aminotransferase ≥40 IU/L, albumin level <3.5 g/dL, and multiple tumors were independent risk factors of overall survival; and male sex and multiple tumors were independent risk factors of DFS. CONCLUSION Patients with NBNC-HCC had significantly longer DFS durations than those with BC-HCC. The patient sex had an impact on the postsurgical outcomes of patients with NBNC-HCC in DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8557, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tashiro
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 3-1 Aoyama, Kure City, Hiroshima 737-0023, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8557, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8557, Japan
| | - Michinori Hamaoka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8557, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8557, Japan
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IL-6/STAT3 axis initiated CAFs via up-regulating TIMP-1 which was attenuated by acetylation of STAT3 induced by PCAF in HCC microenvironment. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1314-1324. [PMID: 27297362 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant tumor microenvironment is involved closely in tumor initiation and progression, in which cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal role. Both IL-6/STAT3 signaling and TIMP-1 have been found to modulate the crosstalk between tumor cells and CAFs in tumor microenvironment, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we showed that IL-6/STAT3 signaling was activated aberrantly in HCC tissues and correlated with poor post-surgical outcome. The in vitro experiments confirmed that activation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway enhanced TIMP-1 expression directly via phosphorylated STATs (p-STAT3)-binding with TIMP-1 promoter in Huh7 cells. Furthermore, activation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway in HCC cells was shown to induce the transformation from normal liver fibroblasts (LFs) to CAFs via up-regulating TIMP-1 expression. Co-culture with CAFs promoted the growth of Huh7 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, by co-Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting assessments, PCAF, a well-known acetyltransferase, was revealed to acetylate cytoplasmic STAT3 protein directly and regulate TIMP-1 expression negatively in Huh7 cells. In summary, this investigation indicated that there was a positive IL-6/TIMP-1 feedback loop controlling the crosstalk between HCC cells and its neighbouring fibroblasts. The data here also identified that PCAF repressed TIMP-1 expression via acetylation of STAT3. In conclusion, this investigation demonstrated that CAFs promoted HCC growth via IL-6/STAT3/AKT pathway and TIMP-1 over-expression driven by IL-6/STAT3 pathway in HCC cells brought in more CAFs through activating LFs. Finally, PCAF could block this positive feedback by acetylating STAT3 in HCC cells.
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13
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Hwang S, Lee YJ, Kim KH, Ahn CS, Moon DB, Ha TY, Song GW, Jung DH, Lee SG. The Impact of Tumor Size on Long-Term Survival Outcomes After Resection of Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Single-Institution Experience with 2558 Patients. J Gastrointest Surg 2015; 19:1281-90. [PMID: 25956724 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-015-2849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the 7th AJCC TNM staging system, solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is classified as T1 or T2 based on microvascular invasion (MVI) regardless of tumor size. This study intended to evaluate the prognostic impact of tumor size on survival outcomes after macroscopic curative resection of solitary HCC. METHODS Patients who underwent R0 resection of solitary HCC <10 cm (n = 2558) were selected for study. Follow-up lasted ≥24 months or until death. RESULTS HCC was detected during regular health screening or routine follow-up in 2054 cases (80.3%). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was associated in 2127 (83.2%). Mean patient age was 54.4 ± 9.9 years. Anatomical resection was performed in 1786 (69.8%). MVI was identified in 407 (16.0%) which therefore became stage T2; the other 2150 became stage T1. Tumor recurrence and patient survival rates were 24.9 and 95.0% after 1 year, 49.6 and 84.1% after 3 years, 57.7 and 75.0 % after 5 years, and 67.3 and 56.6% after 10 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that non-anatomical resection, MVI, and tumor size >5 cm were independent risk factors for both tumor recurrence and overall patient survival. Long-term survival correlated negatively with tumor size and MVI. Subgroup analysis with MVI and size cutoff of 5 cm revealed a significant survival difference (p = 0.000). Tumor size >5 cm was not a significant prognostic factor in non-HBV patients. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the prognostic impact of tumor size may be underestimated in the current version of the AJCC staging system and that solitary HCC staging could be improved with inclusion of tumor size cutoff of 5 cm in HBV-associated patients. Further validation is necessary with multicenter studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea,
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