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Rama K, Bitla AR, Hulikal N, Yootla M, Yadagiri LA, Asha T, Manickavasagam M, Srinivasa Rao P. Assessment of serum microRNA-21 and miRNA-205 as diagnostic markers for stage I and II breast cancer in Indian population. Indian J Cancer 2024; 61:290-298. [PMID: 38090957 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_187_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current markers (carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 [CA15-3]) lack sensitivity in diagnosis of breast cancer. The aberrantly expressed circulating miRNAs were shown as diagnostic markers in breast cancer. However, there are very few studies from the Indian population. We studied the diagnostic utility of miRNA-21, miRNA-155 and miRNA-205 compared to CEA and CA15-3 in stage I and II breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty newly diagnosed women with stage I/II breast cancer and 20 healthy controls were recruited. Expression of circulating miRNAs was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, whereas CEA and CA 15-3 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 were upregulated, miRNA-205 down-regulated ( P < 0.05) and serum CEA and CA15-3 levels increased in breast cancer patients ( P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed significant area under curve (AUC) for all markers (0.656 to 0.993; P = 0.015 to <0.001) validating their diagnostic potential. Unlike CEA and CA15-3, miRNAs retained their sensitivity even at higher cut-offs (95% CI of mean). Logistic regression analysis showed significant association between disease and marker positivity for miRNA-21 and miRNA-205 but not for miRNA-155. Combining CA15-3 with miRNAs did not improve their diagnostic performance. However, combining CEA with either miRNA-21 (AUC = 0.742; P < 0.001 versus AUC = 0.656; P = 0.018) or miRNA-205 (AUC = 0.733; P < 0.001 versus AUC = 0.700; P < 0.001) increased its diagnostic performance. CONCLUSION Our study shows miRNA-21 and miRNA-205, are useful as diagnostic markers for breast cancer in the Indian population and combination of these miRNAs with CEA but not with CA 15-3 improved their diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchi Rama
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Aparna R Bitla
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Narendra Hulikal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mutheeswaraiah Yootla
- Department of Surgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - T Asha
- Department of Pathology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Manickavasagam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Pvln Srinivasa Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Zhang C, Qin C, Dewanjee S, Bhattacharya H, Chakraborty P, Jha NK, Gangopadhyay M, Jha SK, Liu Q. Tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer invasion and metastasis: molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:18. [PMID: 38243280 PMCID: PMC10797874 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The production and release of tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (TDSEVs) from cancerous cells play a pivotal role in the propagation of cancer, through genetic and biological communication with healthy cells. TDSEVs are known to orchestrate the invasion-metastasis cascade via diverse pathways. Regulation of early metastasis processes, pre-metastatic niche formation, immune system regulation, angiogenesis initiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, immune modulation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are among the pathways regulated by TDSEVs. MicroRNAs (miRs) carried within TDSEVs play a pivotal role as a double-edged sword and can either promote metastasis or inhibit cancer progression. TDSEVs can serve as excellent markers for early detection of tumors, and tumor metastases. From a therapeutic point of view, the risk of cancer metastasis may be reduced by limiting the production of TDSEVs from tumor cells. On the other hand, TDSEVs represent a promising approach for in vivo delivery of therapeutic cargo to tumor cells. The present review article discusses the recent developments and the current views of TDSEVs in the field of cancer research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-Oncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chaoying Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-Oncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India.
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre of Research Impact and Outreach, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Moumita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-Oncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Moutabian H, Radi UK, Saleman AY, Adil M, Zabibah RS, Chaitanya MNL, Saadh MJ, Jawad MJ, Hazrati E, Bagheri H, Pal RS, Akhavan-Sigari R. MicroRNA-155 and cancer metastasis: Regulation of invasion, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154789. [PMID: 37741138 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Among the leading causes of death globally has been cancer. Nearly 90% of all cancer-related fatalities are attributed to metastasis, which is the growing of additional malignant growths out of the original cancer origin. Therefore, a significant clinical need for a deeper comprehension of metastasis exists. Beginning investigations are being made on the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the metastatic process. Tiny non-coding RNAs called miRNAs have a crucial part in controlling the spread of cancer. Some miRNAs regulate migration, invasion, colonization, cancer stem cells' properties, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the microenvironment, among other processes, to either promote or prevent metastasis. One of the most well-conserved and versatile miRNAs, miR-155 is primarily distinguished by overexpression in a variety of illnesses, including malignant tumors. It has been discovered that altered miR-155 expression is connected to a number of physiological and pathological processes, including metastasis. As a result, miR-155-mediated signaling pathways were identified as possible cancer molecular therapy targets. The current research on miR-155, which is important in controlling cancer cells' invasion, and metastasis as well as migration, will be summarized in the current work. The crucial significance of the lncRNA/circRNA-miR-155-mRNA network as a crucial regulator of carcinogenesis and a player in the regulation of signaling pathways or related genes implicated in cancer metastasis will be covered in the final section. These might provide light on the creation of fresh treatment plans for controlling cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moutabian
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Usama Kadem Radi
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Mv N L Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center. Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Ebrahi Hazrati
- Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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Iranparast S, Tahmasebi-Birgani M, Motamedfar A, Amari A, Ghafourian M. miR-155 rs767649 T>A gene polymorphism is associated with downregulation of miR-155 expression, suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 overexpression, and low probability of metastatic tumor at the time of breast cancer diagnosis. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 28:32. [PMID: 37213455 PMCID: PMC10199376 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_960_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-155 is a key player in inflammatory reactions, carcinogenesis, and tumor development. In this study, polymorphism of miRNA-155 rs767649 T>A and its gene and suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) expression were investigated in relation to cancer susceptibility and development in breast cancer (BC) patients. Materials and Methods Polymorphism of miRNA-155 rs767649 T>A was evaluated between a population of 174 patients with BC and 129 controls using restriction fragment length polymorphism and the expression of miR-155 and SOCS-1 were examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results TT genotype of miR-155 rs767649 T>A was associated with higher level of miR-155 in PBMCs of BC patients relative to AT and AA genotypes (21.76 ± 4.4, 4.046 ± 1.35, 2.56 ± 0.81, respectively; P < 0.001) and increased lymph node metastasis (r = 0.292, P = 0.001), not BC susceptibility (P = 0.402 and P = 0.535; respectively). TT genotype of miR-155 rs767649 T>A was associated with less gene expression of SOCS-1 in PBMCs of BC patients compared to AT and AA genotypes (1.173 ± 0.57, 0.92 ± 0.827, 5.512 ± 0.92, respectively; P = 0.003). Conclusion This study demonstrated for the first time the association between the T allele of the rs767649 T>A polymorphism in the pre-MIR155 gene and higher expression of miR-155, lower expression of SOCS-1, and swift latent progression in newly diagnosed BC patients. Thus, miR-155 may play a critical role in BC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iranparast
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Tahmasebi-Birgani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Dr. Maryam Tahmasebi-Birgani, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Azim Motamedfar
- Assistant professor of Radiology and Fellowship of Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Radiology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Afshin Amari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehri Ghafourian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Prof. Mehri Ghafourian, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Blvd, P.O. Box 6135715794, Ahvaz, Iran. E-mail:
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DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy and Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314672. [PMID: 36499000 PMCID: PMC9735783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy is a common event among cancer patients and a reason why new cancer therapies and therapeutic strategies need to be in continuous investigation and development. DNA damage response (DDR) comprises several pathways that eliminate DNA damage to maintain genomic stability and integrity, but different types of cancers are associated with DDR machinery defects. Many improvements have been made in recent years, providing several drugs and therapeutic strategies for cancer patients, including those targeting the DDR pathways. Currently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) are the DDR inhibitors (DDRi) approved for several cancers, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. However, PARPi resistance is a growing issue in clinical settings that increases disease relapse and aggravate patients' prognosis. Additionally, resistance to other DDRi is also being found and investigated. The resistance mechanisms to DDRi include reversion mutations, epigenetic modification, stabilization of the replication fork, and increased drug efflux. This review highlights the DDR pathways in cancer therapy, its role in the resistance to conventional treatments, and its exploitation for anticancer treatment. Biomarkers of treatment response, combination strategies with other anticancer agents, resistance mechanisms, and liabilities of treatment with DDR inhibitors are also discussed.
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Amiruddin A, Massi MN, Islam AA, Patellongi I, Pratama MY, Sutandyo N, Natzir R, Hatta M, Md Latar NH, Wahid S. microRNA-221 and tamoxifen resistance in luminal-subtype breast cancer patients: A case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 73:103092. [PMID: 35079352 PMCID: PMC8767262 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Around 70% of breast cancers (BCs) are estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-positive. Adjuvant endocrine therapy is used to reduce estrogen levels and inhibit signal transduction through the ER. The anti-estrogen drugs that are most commonly used in endocrine therapy belong to the selective ER modulator (SERM) class and include tamoxifen. Although it has been used for three decades in cases of early-stage and ERα-positive BC, resistance to tamoxifen is a common problem. microRNAs (miRNAs) have a potential role in demonstrating BC resistance to tamoxifen therapy. Hence, there is a need to investigate the expression of miRNA-221 (miR-221) in luminal-subtype BC patients receiving tamoxifen therapy. Methods This case-control study investigated luminal-subtype BC patients who had undergone endocrine therapy for at least 1 year. The case group comprised patients with local or metastatic recurrence, and the control group comprised patients without local or metastatic recurrence. Results There was a significant difference in miR-221 expression (p = 0.005) between the case and control groups. There were no significant differences between the groups that were positive and negative for the progesterone receptor (PR) (p = 0.25), had high and low marker of proliferation Ki-67 levels (p = 0.60), were positive and negative for lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.14), and had stage 2 and stage 3 cancer (p = 0.25). Conclusion miR-221 expression was higher in tamoxifen-resistant BC cases. miR-221 is a potential biomarker of tamoxifen resistance. Tamoxifen is used to treat early-stage and estrogen receptor-α-positive breast cancer. Resistance to tamoxifen is a common problem. Serum microRNA-221 levels were higher in patients with local recurrence and metastasis. microRNA-221 is a potential serum biomarker of tamoxifen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfiah Amiruddin
- Doctoral Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nassrum Massi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Andi Asadul Islam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ilhamjaya Patellongi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yogi Pratama
- Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Noorwati Sutandyo
- Department of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rosdiana Natzir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Mochammad Hatta
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Nani Harlina Md Latar
- Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syarifuddin Wahid
- Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Said MN, Muawia S, Helal A, Fawzy A, Allam RM, Shafik NF. Regulation of CDK inhibitor p27 by microRNA 222 in breast cancer patients. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 123:104718. [PMID: 34752733 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common of all cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. MicroRNAs regulate at least 60% of the human genes, including tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, and can thereby affect cancer risk. In this study, the prognostic values of the CDK inhibitor p27 and miR-222 as biomarkers for breast cancer were evaluated. METHODS The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was employed to measure the expression level of miR-222, whereas the serum levels of the CDK inhibitor p27 were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels were determined in sera from 110 participants representing three different groups. RESULTS Patients with breast cancer exhibited significantly higher expression levels of miR-222 and lower levels of CDK inhibitor p27 than the control group. In addition, a statistically significant inverse correlation between miR-222 and the CDK inhibitor p27 was observed. The receiver operating characteristic curves plotted for serum p27 and miR-222 helped in significantly differentiating between breast cancer patients and controls but could not discriminate between those with stage II and stage III cancer. CONCLUSION Thus, a significant upregulation in the serum miR-222 levels was observed in cancer patients, and a significant inverse correlation was noted between the miR-222 and CDK inhibitor p27 expression levels. These findings indicate that miR-222 may be used as a useful noninvasive screening biomarker for human breast cancer. MICROABSTRACT Novel biomarkers for prognosis, prediction, and therapeutic purposes are essential as the prognosis and therapeutic targets of breast cancer are dependent on traditional markers, such as the tumor stage and hormonal receptor status. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of the CDK inhibitor p27 and miR-222 in breast cancer. Our results indicated that miR-222 and the CDK inhibitor p27 may be used as noninvasive biomarkers to screen for human breast cancer but cannot discriminate between patients with early breast cancer and patients with advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nabil Said
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat city, Egypt
| | - Shaden Muawia
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat city, Egypt
| | - Amany Helal
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Amal Fawzy
- Clinical Pathology and Oncologic Laboratory Medicine Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Rasha Mahmoud Allam
- Cancer Epidemiology & Biostatistics Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Nevine F Shafik
- Clinical Pathology and Oncologic Laboratory Medicine Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Magura J, Hassan D, Moodley R, Mackraj I. Hesperidin-loaded nanoemulsions improve cytotoxicity, induce apoptosis, and downregulate miR-21 and miR-155 expression in MCF-7. J Microencapsul 2021; 38:486-495. [PMID: 34510994 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2021.1979673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hesperidin, a ubiquitous plant-based flavanone, was encapsulated into nanoemulsions (HP-NEM) using a spontaneous emulsification method to improve its solubility and enhance bioavailability and efficacy in breast cancer treatment using MCF-7 cell lines. The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of HP-NEM against MCF-7 and its impact on oncomiRs, microRNA-21, and microRNA-155 expression were also assessed. The optimised HP-NEM displayed a spherical shape with 305 ± 40.8 nm, 0.308 ± 0.04, and -11.6 ± 3.30 mV and 93 ± 0.45% for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta-potential (ζ), and encapsulation efficiency, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies using MTT assay showed selective toxicity of the HP-NEM against MCF-7 without affecting normal cells (HEK 293). Treatment with the HP-NEM induced cell death through apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and downregulated miR-21 and miR-155 expression in MCF-7. This study supports the use of HP-NEM as a potential therapeutic agent in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judie Magura
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Daniel Hassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Modi A, Purohit P, Gadwal A, Ukey S, Roy D, Fernandes S, Banerjee M. In-Silico Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and Their Regulating microRNA Involved in Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma. Cancer Invest 2021; 40:55-72. [PMID: 34396887 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1969574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Axillary nodal metastasis is related to poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Key candidate genes in BC lymph node metastasis have been identified from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and explored through functional enrichment database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID) , protein-protein interaction by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and proteins (STRING), network visualization (Cytoscape), survival analysis (GEPIA, KM Plotter), and target prediction (miRNet). A total of 102 overlapping differentially expressed genes were found. In-silico survival and expression analyses revealed six candidate hub genes, Desmocollin 3 (DSC3), KRT5, KRT6B, KRT17, KRT81, and SERPINB5, to be significantly associated with nodal metastasis and overall survival, and 83 MicroRNA (miRNAs), which may be potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Ashita Gadwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Shweta Ukey
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Sujoy Fernandes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Mithu Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
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Expression of Estrogen Receptor- and Progesterone Receptor-Regulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040582. [PMID: 33923732 PMCID: PMC8073827 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In ~70% of breast cancer (BC) cases, estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) are overexpressed, which can change during tumor progression. Expression changes of these receptors during cancer initiation and progression can be caused by alterations in microRNA (miR, miRNA) expression. To assess the association of BC progression with aberrant expression of miRNAs that target ER and PR mRNAs, we quantified miR-19b, -222, -22, -378a, and -181a in BC samples (n = 174) by real-time PCR. Underexpression of miR-222 and miR-378a in stage T2–T4 BC was characteristic for HER2-overexpressing tumors. In addition, the expression of miR-181a and miR-378a was higher in these tumors than in tumors with a HER2 IHC score of 0 or 1+. In tumors with a Ki-67 index ≥ 14%, all tested miRNAs were underexpressed in BC with a high Allred PR score (6–8). In ER-and-PR–negative tumors, miR-22, miR-222, miR-181a, and miR-378a underexpression was associated with Ki-67 index > 35% (median value). MiR-19b and miR-22 underexpression could be a marker of lymph node metastasis in ER- and/or PR-positive tumors with HER2 IHC score 0. Thus, the association of miR-19b, miR-22, miR-222, miR-378a, and miR-181a levels with BC characteristics is influenced by the status of tumor ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67.
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Bioinformatics identification of CCL8/21 as potential prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer microenvironment. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226899. [PMID: 33146700 PMCID: PMC7687043 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among females worldwide. The tumor microenvironment usually prevents effective lymphocyte activation and infiltration, and suppresses infiltrating effector cells, leading to a failure of the host to reject the tumor. CC chemokines play a significant role in inflammation and infection. METHODS In our study, we analyzed the expression and survival data of CC chemokines in patients with BC using several bioinformatics analyses tools. RESULTS The mRNA expression of CCL2/3/4/5/7/8/11/17/19/20/22 was remarkably increased while CCL14/21/23/28 was significantly down-regulated in BC tissues compared with normal tissues. Methylation could down-regulate expression of CCL2/5/15/17/19/20/22/23/24/25/26/27 in BC. Low expression of CCL3/4/23 was found to be associated with drug resistance in BC. Results from Kaplan-Meier plotter and BC Gene-Expression Miner v4.2 (bcGenExMiner) v4.2 demonstrated that BC patients with high CCL8 and low CCL19/21/22 expression were more likely to have a worse prognosis. CCL8 expression was significantly up-regulated in BC tissues compared with normal tissues. High CCL8 expression was significantly correlated with negative PR, negative ER, positive nodal status, triple-negative BC subtype, basal-like BC subtype, triple-negative and basal-like BC subtype and high grades. CCL21 was down-regulated in BC, while high levels of CCL21 was associated with negative PR, triple-negative subtype, basal-like subtype and low tumor grade. Functional analysis demonstrated that CCL8 and CCL21 were involved in carcinogenesis, tumor immune escape and chemoresistance in BC. CONCLUSION Integrative bioinformatics analysis demonstrated CCL8/21 as potential prognostic biomarkers in BC microenvironment.
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Tan Z, Zhou P, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Guo Z, Shen M, Xiao Y, Shen W, Wu D. Upregulated long non‑coding RNA LincIN promotes tumor progression via the regulation of nuclear factor 90/microRNA‑7/HOXB13 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:78. [PMID: 33693959 PMCID: PMC7979264 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA LincIN has been reported to be overexpressed and to be involved in the metastasis of breast cancer. However, the expression and role of LincIN in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unsolved. In the present study, LincIN expression was examined in ESCC by RT-qPCR, and the roles of LincIN in ESCC were determined using cell growth, migration and invasion assays. In addition, the effects of LincIN on nuclear factor 90 (NF90) and microRNA/miR (miR)-7 were examined by RNA immunoprecipitation assay, RT-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis. The results revealed that LincIN expression was significantly increased in ESCC tissues and cell lines. The increased expression of LincIN was positively associated with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and a poor prognosis. Functional assays revealed that the overexpression of LincIN promoted ESCC cell growth, migration and invasion. Mechanistic analysis revealed that LincIN physically bound to NF90, enhanced the binding between NF90 and primary miR-7 (pri-miR-7), and further enhanced the inhibitory effects of NF90 on miR-7 biogenesis. Therefore, LincIN downregulated miR-7 expression in ESCC. The expression of miR-7 inversely correlated with that of LincIN in ESCC tissues. By downregulating miR-7, LincIN increased the expression of HOXB13, a target of miR-7. The overexpression of miR-7 or the depletion of HOXB13 both attenuated the tumor-promoting roles of LincIN in ESCC cell growth, migration and invasion. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that LincIN is overexpressed and plays an oncogenic role in ESCC via the regulation of the NF90/miR-7/HOXB13 axis. Thus, LincIN may prove to be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Peitao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhenru Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre/National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Zeqin Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Shen
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yazhi Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Weixi Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518100, P.R. China
| | - Dehua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Nair MG, Somashekaraiah VM, Ramamurthy V, Prabhu JS, Sridhar TS. miRNAs: Critical mediators of breast cancer metastatic programming. Exp Cell Res 2021; 401:112518. [PMID: 33607102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA mediated aberrant gene regulation has been implicated in several diseases including cancer. Recent research has highlighted the role of epigenetic modulation of the complex process of breast cancer metastasis by miRNAs. miRNAs play a crucial role in the process of metastatic evolution by facilitating alterations in the phenotype of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment that promote this process. They act as critical determinants of the multi-step progression starting from carcinogenesis all the way to organotropism. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the compelling role of miRNAs in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Vishakha Ramamurthy
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - T S Sridhar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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miR-155 promotes proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of MCF-7 cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:218. [PMID: 33500705 PMCID: PMC7818536 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths among women worldwide. Increasing evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated great potential for improving the diagnosis and therapy for BC. In the present study, miRNA-155 was detected in human BC tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR. RT-qPCR and western blot assays were used to analyze the levels of transforming growth factor β receptor type II (TGFBR2) in human BC tissues. MCF-7 cells were cultured and treated with miR-155 inhibitor and an MTT assay was performed to determine the role of miR-155 on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Subsequently, TGFBR2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated molecules were analyzed using RT-qPCR and western blot assays. The direct binding of miR-155 to TGFBR2 was validated using a dual luciferase assay. Higher levels of miR-155 and lower levels of TGFBR2 were expressed in human BC tissues compared with paired normal tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-155 were associated with the tumor size, TNM stage and metastasis status of BC. Transfection of MCF-7 cells with miR-155 inhibitors resulted in reduced cell proliferation and suppressed the EMT process, characterized by upregulated expression of the epithelial markers, E-cadherin and CK18, and downregulated expression of mesenchymal markers, fibronectin and smooth muscle actin α. Transfection of a miR-155 inhibitor also resulted in increased expression of TGFBR2, and miR-155 may have regulated TGFBR2 through direct binding to the 3'untranslated region of TGFBR2 as determined using a dual-luciferase assay. Based on the results of the present study, miR-155 may serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with BC.
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15
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Triple negative breast cancer in the era of miRNA. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 157:103196. [PMID: 33307198 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to elucidate the role of miRNAs in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). To achieve our goal, we searched databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, Web of Science and Scopus. We retrieved up to 1233 articles, based a rigorous selection criterion, only 197 articles were extensively reviewed. We selected articles only addressing TNBC, but not other types of breast cancer, with the employed approach being miRNA analysis and/or profiling. Our extensive review resulted in grouping of miRNAs into categories in which specific members of miRNAs have roles in specific mechanism in TNBC i.e., carcinogenesis, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. TNBC is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer; therefore, different approaches for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and treatment are needed. In this review we summarize the up-to-date miRNA profiling, prognostic, and therapeutic findings that add to the route of controlling TNBC.
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Ali Ahmed E, A. Abd El-bast S, A. Mohamed M, Swellam M. Clinical Impact of Oncomirs 221 and 222 on Breast Cancer Diagnosis. ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020:1-9. [DOI: 10.32948/ajo.2020.07.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of miRNAs, non-coding RNAs of 18-25 ( ̴ 22nt), is a hallmark of malignancies among them is breast cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels of circulating oncomiRNAs (miRNA-221and miRNA-222) as a minimally non-invasive method for early detection of breast cancer as compared to tumor markers (CEA, CA15.3).
Materials and methods MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in serum samples from three groups: primary breast cancer patients (n = 44), benign breast lesion patients (n = 25), and healthy individuals as control group (n = 19). Their diagnostic efficacy and relation with clinicopathological data were analyzed.
Results MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 expression and tumor markers reported significant increase in their mean levels in breast cancer group as compared to the benign breast lesions or control individuals. Among clinicopathological factors, miRs reported significant relation with pathological types, clinical staging, histological grading and hormonal status, while CEA and CA15.3 did not revealed significance with these factors. The diagnostic efficacy for investigated miRNAs was superior to tumor markers especially for detection of early stages and low grade tumors.
Conclusion MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 were superior over tumor markers for early detection of breast cancer especially those at high risk as primarybreast cancer patients with early stage or low grade tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ali Ahmed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University
| | - Sohair A. Abd El-bast
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University
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Xu W, Chen X, Deng F, Zhang J, Zhang W, Tang J. Predictors of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer: A Review. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5887-5899. [PMID: 32606799 PMCID: PMC7320215 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) largely increases operative chances and improves prognosis of the local advanced breast cancer patients. However, no specific means have been invented to predict the therapy responses of patients receiving NAC. Therefore, we focus on the alterations of tumor tissue-related microenvironments such as stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes status, cyclin-dependent kinase expression, non-coding RNA transcription or other small molecular changes, in order to detect potentially predicted biomarkers which reflect the therapeutic efficacy of NAC in different subtypes of breast cancer. Further, possible mechanisms are also discussed to discover feasible treatment targets. Thus, these findings will be helpful to promote the prognosis of breast cancer patients who received NAC and summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
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Differentially Methylated Ultra-Conserved Regions Uc160 and Uc283 in Adenomas and Adenocarcinomas Are Associated with Overall Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040895. [PMID: 32272654 PMCID: PMC7226527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
: Deregulation of the transcribed ultra-conserved regions (T-UCRs) Uc160, Uc283, and Uc346 has been reported in colorectal cancer (CRC) recently. Here, we investigated promoter methylation of these T-UCRs during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and their clinical significance in CRC patients. Methylation levels were assessed in CRC, adenomas, infiltrated lymph nodes, and metastatic tissue specimens. In situ hybridization was performed in representative tissue specimens. T-UCRs expression levels were also evaluated in HT-29 colon cancer cells before and after the acquired resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin. A gradual increase in T-UCRs methylation levels from hyperplastic polyps to adenomas and to in situ carcinomas (ISC) and a gradual decrease from ISC to infiltrative and metastatic carcinomas was observed (p < 0.001 for Uc160 and Uc283, p = 0.018 for Uc346). Uc160 and Uc283 methylation was associated with the grade of dysplasia in adenoma specimens (p = 0.034 and p = 0.019, respectively). Furthermore, higher Uc160 methylation, mainly in stage III and IV patients, was related to improved overall survival (OS) in univariate (p = 0.009; HR, 0.366) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.005; HR, 0.240). Similarly, higher methylation of Uc283 was associated with longer OS (p = 0.030). Finally, T-UCRs expression was significantly reduced in HT-29 cells after resistance to chemotherapy. This study suggests that promoter methylation of Uc160, Uc283, and Uc346 is altered during CRC development and that Uc160 and Uc283 methylation may have prognostic significance for CRC patients.
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Ritter A, Hirschfeld M, Berner K, Rücker G, Jäger M, Weiss D, Medl M, Nöthling C, Gassner S, Asberger J, Erbes T. Circulating non‑coding RNA‑biomarker potential in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of triple negative breast cancer? Int J Oncol 2019; 56:47-68. [PMID: 31789396 PMCID: PMC6910196 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the positive association between neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and the promising early response rates of patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), including probabilities of pathological complete response, NACT is increasingly used in TNBC management. Liquid biopsy-based biomarkers with the power to diagnose the early response to NACT may support established monitoring tools, which are to a certain extent imprecise and costly. Simple serum- or urine-based analyses of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression may allow for fast, minimally-invasive testing and timely adjustment of the therapy regimen. The present study investigated breast cancer-related ncRNAs [microRNA (miR)-7, -9, -15a, -17, -18a, -19b, -21, -30b, -222 and -320c, PIWI-interacting RNA-36743 and GlyCCC2] in triple positive BT-474 cells and three TNBC cell lines (BT-20, HS-578T and MDA-MB-231) treated with various chemotherapeutic agents using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Intracellular and secreted microvesicular ncRNA expression levels were analysed using a multivariable statistical regression analysis. Chemotherapy-driven effects were investigated by analysing cell cycle determinants at the mRNA and protein levels. Serum and urine specimens from 8 patients with TNBC were compared with 10 healthy females using two-sample t-tests. Samples from the patients with TNBC were compared at two time points. Chemotherapeutic treatments induced distinct changes in ncRNA expression in TNBC cell lines and the BT-474 cell line in intra- and extracellular compartments. Serum and urine-based ncRNA expression analysis was able to discriminate between patients with TNBC and controls. Time point comparisons in the urine samples of patients with TNBC revealed a general rise in the level of ncRNA. Serum data suggested a potential association between piR-36743, miR-17, -19b and -30b expression levels and an NACT-driven complete clinical response. The present study highlighted the potential of ncRNAs as liquid biopsy-based biomarkers in TNBC chemotherapy treatment. The ncRNAs tested in the present study have been previously investigated for their involvement in BC or TNBC chemotherapy responses; however, these previous studies were restricted to patient tissue or in vitro models. The data from the present study offer novel insight into ncRNA expression in liquid samples from patients with TNBC, and the study serves as an initial step in the evaluation of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in the monitoring of TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ritter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marc Hirschfeld
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai Berner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerta Rücker
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Jäger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Medl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Nöthling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Gassner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Asberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thalia Erbes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center‑University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Qiu C, Huang F, Zhang Q, Chen W, Zhang H. miR-205-3p promotes proliferation and reduces apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cells and is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22966. [PMID: 31578772 PMCID: PMC6805278 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To study the expression of microribonucleic acid (miR)‐205 in breast cancer and its effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Methods Breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 cells with stable expression of miR‐205‐3p were constructed. Cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis were detected via MTT assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. The expressions of Ezrin, LaminA/C, cleaved caspase‐3, Bcl‐2, and Bax were detected via Western blotting. The expressions of miR‐205‐3p in breast cancer tissues and para‐carcinoma tissues were detected via quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results In transfection group, cell proliferation and invasion capacities were increased significantly (P < 0.01), but apoptotic cells were significantly reduced (P < 0.01). In addition, the expressions of Ezrin, LaminA/C, and cleaved caspase‐3 in the transfection group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), but the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio was significantly increased (P < 0.01). The miR‐205‐3p expression in tumor tissues of breast cancer patients was significantly higher than that in para‐carcinoma tissue, but Ezrin, LaminA/C, and cleaved caspase‐3 expressions in tumor tissues were remarkably declined (P < 0.01), while the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio was remarkably increased (P < 0.01). Moreover, the 5‐year survival of patients with high expression of miR‐205‐3p was significantly shorter than patients with normal or low expression (P < 0.01). Conclusion Highly expressed miR‐205‐3p can promote the proliferation and invasion and reduce the apoptosis of breast cancer cells, and the high expression of miR‐205‐3p can significantly reduce the survival time of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of ZhaoQing, ZhaoQing, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Shen Zhen), Shen Zhen, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of ZhaoQing, ZhaoQing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of ZhaoQing, ZhaoQing, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of ZhaoQing, ZhaoQing, China
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Zhang G, Zhong L, Luo H, Wang S. MicroRNA-155-3p promotes breast cancer progression through down-regulating CADM1. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7993-8002. [PMID: 31579252 PMCID: PMC6773971 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s206180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) functions as a tumor suppressor and has been identified to be frequently inactivated in breast cancer, and closely associated with patients' poor prognosis and advanced TNM stage. However, the mechanisms underlying CADM1 in breast cancer progression remains incompletely clear. miR-155, a predicted modulator of CADM1 was reported to be overexpressed in breast cancer, and its high expression level was closely related to the malignant progression of breast cancer. The present study aimed to explore whether miR-155-3p could modulate CADM1 expression and then involved in the progression of breast cancer. METHODS The expression patterns of miR-155-3p in breast cancer tissues and cell lines were determined by RT-PCR technology. The relationship between CADM1 and miR-155-3p were determined by the luciferase gene reporter and Western Blot (WB) assays. Cell proliferation, apoptosis rates and tumorigenesis were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry and in vivo xenotransplanation experiments, respectively. RESULTS miR-155-3p was up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cells when compared to the adjacent normal tissues and normal breast MCF 10A cells. The mRNA and protein levels of CADM1 showed opposite expression patterns to that of miR-155-3p expression detected, and miR-155-3p could negatively regulate CADM1 expression in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Moreover, gain-of function assay showed that overexpression of miR-155-3p promoted cell proliferation, tumorigenesis and repressed cell apoptosis, but these effects were all significantly impaired when the cells were simultaneously transfected with OE-CADM1, the overexpressing vector of CADM1. CONCLUSION This study revealed that miR-155-3p could accelerate the progression of breast cancer via down-regulation of CADM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lele Zhong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong272011, People’s Republic of China
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Lin J, Chen Z, Wu S, Huang W, Chen F, Huang Z. An NF90/long noncoding RNA-LET/miR-548k feedback amplification loop controls esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression. J Cancer 2019; 10:5139-5152. [PMID: 31602267 PMCID: PMC6775607 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study we have found that miR-548k has oncogenic roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) via repressing long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-LET and further upregulating nuclear factor 90 (NF90). However, the upstream factors controlling miR-548k expression are still unknown. In this study, we found NF90 directly binds pri-miR-548k, increases the stability of pri-miR-548k, and upregulates the expression of pri-miR-548k and miR-548k. Therefore, NF90, miR-548k and lncRNA-LET forms a feedback loop. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays demonstrated that in accordance with the roles of miR-548k, NF90 also promotes ESCC cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, we verified the regulatory feedback loop between NF90, miR-548k, and lncRNA-LET. We found NF90 upregulated miR-548k and downregulated lncRNA-LET. miR-548k downregulated lncRNA-LET and upregulated NF90. lncRNA-LET downregulated NF90 and miR-548k. Through the reciprocal regulations between each other, the NF90/miR-548k/lncRNA-LET feedback loop controls the expressions of NF90 targets (HIF-1α and VEGF), miR-548k targets (KLF10 and EGFR), and lncRNA-LET target (p53). Further functional assays demonstrated that activation of the NF90/miR-548k/lncRNA-LET feedback loop via simultaneously overexpressing NF90 and miR-548k and simultaneously depleting lncRNA-LET significantly promotes ESCC cell proliferation and migration in vitro and ESCC tumor growth in vivo. Targeting the NF90/miR-548k/lncRNA-LET feedback loop via simultaneously depleting NF90 and miR-548k and simultaneously overexpressing lncRNA-LET significantly inhibits ESCC cell proliferation and migration in vitro and ESCC tumor growth in vivo. In summary, our findings identified a crucial oncogenic NF90/lncRNA-LET/miR-548k feedback amplification loop, which may be promising therapeutic targets for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.,Jianqing Lin and Zhiyao Chen are co-first authors
| | - Zhiyao Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.,Jianqing Lin and Zhiyao Chen are co-first authors
| | - Shanhu Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.,Jianqing Lin and Zhiyao Chen are co-first authors
| | - Wenbo Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.,Jianqing Lin and Zhiyao Chen are co-first authors
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.,Jianqing Lin and Zhiyao Chen are co-first authors
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.,Jianqing Lin and Zhiyao Chen are co-first authors
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